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unit 2 book 4 Grammar动词-ing形式(短语)作主语和宾语

unit 2 book 4 Grammar动词-ing形式(短语)作主语和宾语
unit 2 book 4 Grammar动词-ing形式(短语)作主语和宾语

动词-ing形式是在动词末尾加-ing,属于非谓语动词。

如:do-doing, write-writing, sit-sitting, etc.

否定形式:not + v--ing

动词-ing形式作主语或宾语时,也可称为动名词。

一、动词-ing形式(短语)作主语

1. 动词-ing形式(短语)作主语,表示比较抽象或泛指的动作。作主语时,谓语动词用单数。如:

Telling a lie got him into a great deal of trouble.

Reading aloud is very important for us to learn a foreign language.

Surfing is a popular sport along coastal areas.

Going to bed early and getting up early is considered to be a good habit.

2. 动词-ing形式(短语)作主语时,为了保持句子平衡,可以用it 作形式主语,用形容词或名词作表语。

常见的作表语的名词或短语:worthwhile, no use, no good, fun,

hard work, a hard / difficult job, a wonder, a waste of time等。如:。如:

It is no use complaining —it doesn’t help solve the problems.

Is it worthwhile quarrelling with her?

In my opinion, it is simply a waste of time and money raising pets.

3. “There is + no”后可以用动词-ing形式作主语,表示“没法……/不…”。如:

There was no telling when this might happen again.

没法预料这样的事什么时候会再发生。

There was no knowing what he could do.

他能做什么很难说。

二、动词-ing形式(短语)作宾语

1. 作动词宾语。有些动词后常跟动词-ing形式(短语)作宾语,这类动词常见的有admit, allow, appreciate, avoid, enjoy, consider, dislike,

mind, miss, finish, keep, imagine, risk, practise, suggest等。如:

We are considering flying to Paris for the coming holiday.

It seems that he doesn’t mind working late into the night.

2. 作介词宾语。介词后可接动词-ing形式(短语)作宾语。如:

She entered without knocking at the door.

My sister is busy in reading picture books.

3.有些短语如can’t help, be used to, end up, feel like, lead to, be busy, be tired of, be fond of, be afraid of, be proud of, think of / about, put off, keep on, insist on, be good at, give up等后常接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。如:

I have been used to living here.

I’m fond of collecting stamps and coins.

4. need, require, want作“需要”解时, 后接动词-ing形式作宾语, 主动形式表示被动意义, 相当于to be done。如:

The radio needs / requires / wants repairing / to be repaired.

常跟动词ing作宾语的动词歌诀:

考虑建议盼原谅,consider, suggest / advise, look forward to, excuse, pardon

承认推迟没得想,admit, delay / put off, fancy

避免错过继续练,avoid, miss, keep /keep on, practise

否认完成停能赏,deny, finish, stop, enjoy / appreciate

不禁介意准逃亡,can’t help, mind, allow/ permit, escape

不准冒险凭想象。forbid, risk, imagine

注意:

1. 在动词-ing形式(短语)前面可以加上其逻辑主语来强调动作的执行者,该逻辑主语常为形容词性物主代词或名词所有格。当逻辑

主语不出现在句首时,可用人称代词的宾格代替形容词性物主代词或用名词普通格代替名词的所有格。如:

I’m annoyed about John’s / John for getting to pay.

I really can’t understand your / you treating her like that.

2. 动词-ing形式(短语)的否定形式是在其前面加not。当动词-ing形式(短语)带有逻辑主语时,not应置于动词-ing形式短语之前。如:

Not cleaning her teeth made her smell bad.

My sister’s not coming home in time made my parents worried.

3. 需要注意的问题:

以下的动词后面加动词的不定式作宾语:

decide, hope, expect, seem, agree, afford, arrange, choose, offer, plan, promise, determine, demand, manage, fail, prepare, refuse, pretend 常跟不定式作宾语的动词歌诀:

三个希望两答应,

两个要求莫拒绝,

设法学会做决定,

不要假装在选择。

想要拒绝命令,

需要努力学习,

期望同意帮助,

希望决定开始。

hope; wish; want; agree; promise

demand; ask; refuse

manage; learn; decide

pretend; choose

want; refuse; order

need; try; learn

expect; agree; help

hope; wish; decide; begin; start以下的动词后面既可接动词的不定式又可以接动词的ing作宾语:

4. 既跟动词-ing又接不定式作宾语的动词歌诀:

双方一旦开始,不论喜欢与否,都得继续下去。

不管记住与否,努力打算停止,后悔三个需要。

hate, love, prefer, remember, forget, regret, like, try, stop, begin, start

begin, start, like, prefer, hate, dislike, continue

remember, forget, try, mean, stop, regret,

want, need, require

5. 有些动词后接动词-ing形式(短语)和动词不定式(短语)作宾语意义不同,如:

1

remember to do sth. 记住要做某事

remember doing sth.记得曾经做过某事

regret to do sth. 遗憾(抱歉)要做某事

regret doing sth. 为做过某事而感到后悔

try to do sth. 努力去做某事

try doing sth.试着做某事

mean to do sth. 打算做某事

mean doing sth.意味着做某事

want to do sth. 想要做某事

want doing sth. 需要被做某事(用动词-ing形式的主动形式表被动意义)

2

动词ing形式的用法

外教一对一https://www.docsj.com/doc/d23495146.html, 动词ing形式的用法 一.动词ing形式的用法 1.正在进行时中,谓语动词后加ing. 如:I'mplaying football. 2.一些特殊表达.如: be good at doing sth enjoy doing sth. be busy doing feel like doing thank you for doing do some cooking/cleaning/reading/shopping/washing go swimming/fishing/shopping/skating/boating 二.动词现在分词由动词原形在词尾加ing构成,其规则如下: 1)一般情况下直接加ing think---thinking sleep---sleeping study---studying speak---speaking carry---carrying say---saying 2)以不发音的字母e结尾的单词,去掉字母e,再加ing wake---waking make---making come---comingtake---taking leave---leaving have---having 3)以重读闭音节结尾,呈现“辅,元,辅”结构的动词,先双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing 。 初中学过的这类词有:begin,cut, get, hit, run,set, sit, spit, stop, swim, beg, drop, fit, nod, dig, forget, regret, rid, 等。 (visit 不是以重读闭音节结尾,不用双写)travel虽然重读第一音节,词尾音节不重读,但是现在分词仍要双写末尾辅音字母,然后再加ing ,如:travel---travelling.初中阶段此类词只有这一个。 4)以 y 结尾的动词直接加 ing carry—— carrying enjoy—— enjoying

动词ing形式的用法及变化规则

动词ing形式的用法及变化规则 一.动词ing形式的用法 1.正在进行时中,谓语动词后加ing. 如:I'm playing football. 2.一些特殊表达..如: be good at doing sth enjoy doing sth. be busy doing feel like doing thank you for doing do some cooking/cleaning/reading/shopping/washing go swimming/fishing/shopping/skating/boating 二.动词现在分词由动词原形在词尾加ing构成,其规则如下: 1)一般情况下直接加ing think---thinking sleep---sleeping study---studying speak---speaking carry---carrying say---saying 2)以不发音的字母e结尾的单词,去掉字母e,再加ing wake---waking make---making come---coming take---taking leave---leaving have---having 3)以重读闭音节结尾,呈现“辅,元,辅”结构的动词,先双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing 。初中学过的这类词有:begin,cut, get, hit, run, set, sit, spit, stop, swim, beg, drop, fit, nod, dig, forget, regret, rid, 等。 (visit 不是以重读闭音节结尾,不用双写) travel虽然重读第一音节,词尾音节不重读,但是现在分词仍要双写末尾辅音字母,然后再加ing ,如:travel---travelling.初中阶段此类词只有这一个。4)以 y 结尾的动词直接加 ing carry—— carrying enjoy—— enjoying 5)以ie结尾的动词,把ie改为y ,再加ing

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Visit不是以重读闭音节结尾,不用双写) travel虽然重读第一音节,词尾音节不重读,但是现在分词仍要双写末尾辅音字母,然后再加ing ,女口:travel—travelling.初中阶段此类词只有这一个。 4)以ie结尾的动词,把ie改为y ,再加ing 女口:die---dying lie---lying 一.写出下列动词的现在分词形式 work ____________ visil ___________ play ___________ study _________ dance ________ h ave ______ ___ travel __________ take __________ drop ___________ sin ___________ shop _________ swim __________ lie ___________ 二.选择题练习 1 ? Who _______________ over there now? A. singing B. arc sing C? is singing D. sing 2. It" s eight <)' clock. The students _________ an En^jish class? A. have E. C? is having D? arc having 3? Listen! The baby _____ in the next room? A. crying E? cried C? is crying D? cries 4.Look! The twins ______ new sweaters?

动词ing形式作表语-定语和宾语补足语

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drinking water = water for drinking 饮用水 a reading room = a room for reading 阅览室 2). 说明被修饰名词的性质和程度, 如: tiring music = music that is tiring 烦人的音乐 a surprising result = a result that is surprising 一个惊人的结果 3). 表示被修饰名词正在进行的动作, 如: 正在做实验的那个学生是我们的班长。 The student making the experiment is our monitor. 我们能看到冉冉升起的太阳。 We can see the rising sun. Attention 1) 单个-ing形式作定语时, 放在所修饰的名词之前, -ing形式短语作定语时, 放在所修饰的名词之后, 并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。 如: They lived in a room facing the street. = They lived in a room that faces the street. 他们住在一间面朝街的房子。 The man standing there is Peter’s father. = The man who is standing there is Peter’s father. 站在那儿的那个人是彼得的父亲。 2) V-ing, 过去分词,不定式做定语时的区别: The student making the experiment is our monitor. They lived in a room facing the street. 正在举行的会议非常重要。 The meeting being held now is very important. 昨天举行的会议非常重要。 The meeting held yesterday is very important. 明天要举行的会议非常重要。 The meeting to be held tomorrow is very important. 3)-ing形式短语也可以用作非限制定语,相当于一个非限制性定语从句,这时,它与句子其他部分用逗号分开

英语动词ing的用法

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英语语法:动词-ing形式作主语

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高中英语语法精讲动词的-ing形式

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动词-ing形式的用法复习过程

动词-i n g形式的用法

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动词-ing形式的用法

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动词ing的用法

1、-ing分词的构成 -ing分词是由动词原形加词尾-ing构成。-ing分词同样有时态和语态的变化,通常有下表几种形式(以do为例): 一般式完成式 主动形式 doing 主动形式 having done 被动形式 being done 被动形式 having been done -ing分词的否定形式是由not 加-ing分词构成。如: Not knowing his address, I could do nothing but stay at home and wait. 不知道他的地址,我只好在家里等着。 His not coming made all of us angry. 他没来使我们大家都很生气。 2. -ing分词的一般式和完成式: -ing分词的一般式表示和谓语动词所表示的动作同时进行的动作;完成式表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作。如: Being a student, he was interested in books. 作为一个学生,他对书本很感兴趣。 Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examinations. 因为没有努力学习功课,他考试不及格。 3. -ing分词的被动式: -ing分词的被动式表示它的逻辑主语是-ing分词动作的承受者。根据-ing分词动作发生的时间,-ing分词的被动式有一般被动式(being done)和完成被动式(having been done)。如: The question being discussed is very important. 正在被讨论的问题很重要。 Having been criticized by the teacher, he gave up smoking. 被老师批评以后,他把烟戒了。 注意:在need, want, require, be worth等动词(短语)后,作宾语的-ing分词常用主动形式来表示被动含义。如: Your shoes need cleaning. = Your shoes need to be cleaned. 你的鞋需要清洗一下了。

动词ing形式的用法

动词ing形式的用法 动词的-ing形式是动词的一种非谓语形式,由动词原形加-ing构成,包括-ing分词和-ing 动名词。可以在句子中用作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补语、状语和定语。 1.一般形式 Seeing is believing. 眼见为信。 Coming to Hangzhou by train takes about 16 hours. 乘火车到杭州要16个小时。 2.通常为了避免句子主语过于冗长,用it作形式主语。如: It‘s nice talking wi th you. 和你谈话很高兴。 It‘s no use arguing with him. 跟他争论没用。 3.“There + be + no + -ing”结构,此结构的意义相当于“It‘s impossible + 不定式”。如: There is no harm in doing so. 这样做没有害处。 作表语 动词-ing可用来作表语。如: This food smells inviting. 这种食物香味怡人。 My favorite sport is swimming. 我最喜欢的运动是游泳。 Their job is cleaning the window. 他们的工作是打扫窗子。 作宾语 1.动词-ing形式可以用作动词、短语动词和介词的宾语。 I warned her against driving fast. Jim dislikes eating chocolate. 2.有些动词和动词短语后接作宾语的非限定性动词时只能是-ing分词,常见的这类动词有:admit,acknowledge,advise,appreciate,avoid,delay,deny,dislike,enjoy,excuse,escape,

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