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中科院考博英语模板

中科院考博英语模板
中科院考博英语模板

1. 中科院考博英语题型分类

中科院考博英语作文的题型主要分为三种:

1.1 问题型(寻找原因)

例如:2006年3月:“What has caused this situation in your opinion ?”

2007年10月:“What do you think is the cause for thus happening ?”

2013年10月:“What conclusion may be drawn from this phenomenon ?”

1.2 争论型(支持或反对某一观点)

例如:2005年10月:“What does work means to you ? Is it just a means to make ends meet, to cover life expense? ”

2008年3月:“Provide your reasons and supporting details.”

2010年10月:“北京人口是否需要控制”

1.3 发散型(提出解决方法、解答问题、说明细节、回答“是什么”、举例说

明等)

例如:2011年10月:“告诉受欺负小孩的话语”

2012年10月:“奥运精神的真正含义,举例说明”

2013年3月:“What is the one thing that you’ve learned from doing sports which

applies to all aspects of your life? Please use examples to illustrate your points.

2. 作文模板

针对考博英语作文的三大类型,模板分三部分对所考题型进行写作。将文章分

为开头段、中心讨论段和结尾段。

2.1 问题型

There is no denying the fact that (让步,例如: A has a long tradition of ). Recently the phenomenon of has aroused great concerns from all stripes of society. /However, a virtual of is taking shape in present, arousing concerns from all stripes of society. /Nowadays, a trend of has been becoming increasingly clear, which . It would not be a stretch to say that . Accordingly, it is urgent to explore the causes for such , in order to avoid this embarrassing situation.

In the first place, is for the simple reason that . Admitting that / Conceding that , it somehow . ,but . Especially in , which has an exceedingly negative influence on .

Besides, should be responsible for . Nowadays, lay emphasis merely on , rather than on , which make it . For instance, ……(with ……/ when ……/ There are ……, who ……). It is, hence, (adj for sb to do ).

Last but by no means the least, ……现象(句子)……on the ground that . In fact,, and it should be/do . After years of researches, , a distinguished scholar once

stressed/pointed that/ remarked, “(A not only 倒装,but also ……./ It is 强调句, that……/ Barely anyone can 双重否定without ……)”.

Taking all factors into consideration, ./ I am fully convinced/firmly believed that ./ Through continuously , gradually , 主题eventually bring . /Now that , you might as wel ./Now that , why bother .

2.2 争论型

A: It is universally acknowledged that . Recently, a question about whether A is appropriate/rational is fiercely debated, which arouse wide concerns from all stripes of society. Some claim that (原因). In my perspective, however, . The reasons can be listed as follows.

B: is one of the most significant decisions can make. (问题严重性) not only can but also . However, how/when/whether ? To , or ? I prefer to choose . The reasons can be listed as follows.

In the first place, is beneficial to . With , one can both and , which contributes tremendously to .陈述. It would not be a stretch to say that .

或: In the first place, is detrimental to . In the past time, it was possible for to . But nowadays, . It was not , who /which 达到什么效果/怎么样.

Besides,only after /by , are we able to , especially in .主语is so that . For instance, . If , it would be detrimental to , even .

Last but by no means the least,现象as a result of . In fact, , and should . After years of researches, a distinguished scholar once stressed/ pointed that/ remarked,

双重否定“(A not only 倒装,but also ……./ It is

强调句, that……/ Barely anyone can without…… )”. It is, hence,(adj for sb to do).

Taking all factors into consideration, ./ I am fully convinced/firmly believed that ./ Through continuously , gradually , 主题eventually bring . /Now that , you might as wel ./Now that , why bother .

2.3 发散型

It is universally acknowledged that . Besides the , has gained a lot more from it. The details contents are as follows./Numerous benefits can be given, but the following are significant.

举例型作文中心段建议按照条理举例,按照原因分析或支持论点的模式一条一

条地进行举例论证。举例不需要太长,一般一两句话就可,之后可再加上一句分析。

例如:In the first place, is beneficial to . 举例(两句话).简单解释(一

句话).

Besides,only after /by , are we able to , especially in . 举例(两句话).简单解释(一句话).

Last but by no means the least, 现象as a result of . 举例(两句话).简单解释(一句话).

Taking all factors into consideration, ./ I am fully convinced/firmly believed that ./ Through continuously , gradually , 主题eventually bring . /Now that , you might as wel ./Now that , why bother .

3. 锦上添花

写作小技巧:中科院考博英语作文对考生的考查不只在于语言上,更多的是对

文章结构、逻辑思维和文章衔接程度的考查。由于考试时间宝贵,在写作时要多运

用不同句型、多举例、多写短句等方法。

写作常用句型:

①. No one can deny the fact that education is the most important aspect of his life.没有人能否人这一事实:教育是人生最重要的一方面。

②. People equate s uccess in life with the ability of operating computer。人们把会使用计算机与人生成功相提并论。

③. According to a recent survey, four-million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking。依照最近的一项调查,每年有4,000,000人死于与吸烟相关的

疾病。

④. The latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant associations with homework。最近的调查显示相当多的孩子对家庭作业没什么好感。

⑤. No invention has received more praise and abuse t han Internet。没有一项发明象互联网同时受到如此多的赞扬和批评。

⑥. People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graduation。人们似乎忽视了教育不应该随着毕业而结束这一事实。

⑦. Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a person’s physical fitness。许多专家指出体育锻炼直接有助于身体健康。

⑧. Nowadays, many students always go into raptures(兴高采烈)at the mere mention of the coming life of high school or college they will begin. Unfortunately ,for most young people ,it is not pleasant experience on their first day on campus。当前,一提到即将开始的学校生活,许多学生都会兴高采烈.然而,对多数年轻人来说,校

园刚开始的日子并不是什么愉快的经历。

语言亮点:

①. maintain a reasonable and impartial attitude 保持合理和公正的态度

②. bear in mind 记住

③. how to assert their rights 怎样维护权利

④. fight against injustice in a reasonable way 用合理的方法来抗争不公正现象

⑤. excel in appearance and intelligence 外表与内心并重

⑥. immeasurable spiritual wealth 不可估量的精神财富

⑦. ……,that is to say,…… 这就是说(用插入语来解释说明)

⑧. adhere to strict rule 遵从严格规则

⑨. comply with the trends of times 顺应时代潮流

可能用到的词汇:

性格character;适应性强的adaptable 公正的impartial;实事求是的realistic

勇敢的courageous;creative 富创造力的政府government:社会society;家庭family

采取措施take steps to;完善相关法律The relevant laws should be perfecting 制定宣传教育计划develop education programs to

消费者consumer 商家trader;合法生产商legit producer

给市场造成混乱makes great confusion in the market 收入high income;营养和智慧Nutrition and wisdom

追求奢华生活pursue luxury living 谋取暴利make unreasonable profits

不顾及他人安危without any regard of other’s benefit and health. 造成不良市场竞争it causes unfair competition in the market economy and puts the whole society into disorder.

经济衰退economy recession 和谐社会harmonious society 方便的convenient 学术自由academic freedom 保持健康:keep healthy 现象:phenomenon

乐观with an optimistic attitude;keep a positive attitude 悲观with a pessimistic attitud;keep a negative attitude

竞争越来越激烈the competition in the society is fiercer than we imagine 扩大知识面enlarge the scope of knowledge to realize our potential

过分关注set too much emphasis on 自信自尊self-confidence and self-esteem 对钱的贪欲is greedy for money 物质化的世界in the materialistic society

中科院历年RS考博试题及相关知识点.

1995年博士生(地学分析入学试题 一、简答题(40分 1. 遥感地学评价标准。 2. LandsatTM数据特征。 3. 我国风云一号气象卫星主要通道及特征。 4. 遥感信息处长合分析。 二、问答题(任选二题,60分 1. 评述我国遥感应用的发展特点。 2. 遥感在自然资源调查中的应用。 3. 举例说明遥感在地学研究中应用与作用。 4. 遥感监测在全球变化研究中的作用。1996年博士生入学试题(遥感地学分析 (任选四题,每题25分 1. 遥感地学分析及其意义 2. 遥感在资源调查中的应用特点 3. 论述遥感在全球变化研究中作用 4. 遥感信息增强方法 5. 专题遥感信息提取的方法与应用 2000年中科院博士入学考试(RS

一、简答与名词解释: 1. 混合像元(98 2. 高光谱(98 3. 监督与非监督分类(97 4. 最大似然法(97 5. 纹理特征用于信息提取 (98 6. 主成分分析(99 7. TM的七个波段(97 8. 高光谱遥感(99 9. 遥感影象的特征(99 二、论述 1. 最小二乘法的原理、公式及应用。(98 2. 结合工作,谈遥感的应用与发展前景。(99 3. 遥感地学评价基础。(97 一、简答题(10分/题 1、ETM影像的各波段特征 2、监督分类的过程 3、高光谱遥感及其特点 4、植被指数及其计算方法

5、干涉雷达遥感 二、论述题(25分/题 1、遥感信息融合的方法及它们比较 2、遥感图像分类的方法 3、遥感分辨率及其地学意义 一、简答每个10分共5个 1.几何校正的主要方法 2.光谱成像仪的成像机理 3.监督分类及其优缺点 4.水体的光谱特征 5.图像融合有哪些技术方法 二、论述体 3选2 1.遥感信息地学评价的标准及应用意义 2.微波技术的发展现状及趋势 3.光学影像的分类方法及特点 2008年中科院地理所博士考题 总分:100分时间:180分钟 一、名词解释(2*5 10分 1.波谱反射率

中科院考博英语写作分析及范文(1999-2012年)

中科院博士研究生英语写作分析及范文1999.3 2000.3

2001.3

2002.3 2002.10

2003.3

2003.10 2004.3

2004.10 题目解析: “考试作弊是个很难解决的问题。你认为这个问题的根源何在?请详细地表明你的观点。”题目中的第一句话“考试作弊是个很难解决的问题”向我们呈现了一个社会现象。而本题关注的是这个现象背后的根源,即reasons for the problem,是什么。因此,文章应该着重挖掘究竟有哪几个重要的因素导致了这种现象,以及这样认为的理由。 范文: “Have you ever cheated on exams?”Facing such an abrupt question, can you give an assertive answer that you have never desired or attempted to peek at others’test paper?Cheating on exams has actually become a popularly concerned problem in China. It is now necessary for us to figure out the reasons behind the cheating behaviors. Our current educational system and testing method, which have remained unchanged for decades, might be one of the causes for students’ cheating behaviors. Students are not supposed to develop their independent thinking all through the process of education. If students cannot memorize their textbooks, they might either fail the exams or cheat on exams. Besides, the present tests have turned into fixed patterns, which can be convenient for students to duplicate the answers by looking at others’ paper. The current social environment somehow encourages cheating for it has become a widely held principle that “any means is acceptable so long as one can achieve the goals”. People care nothing about how one makes success but will admire the celebrities, whose experiences are generally glorified after they become famous and rich. Honesty is not essential for judging a success. In conclusion, the phenomenon of cheating can only be stopped by the joint efforts of both the educational authorities and our whole society. (218 words) 2005.3 题目解析: “如何减少交通事故?”这道作文题目简洁明了,比较容易把握。正确地理解本题最重要的是抓住题眼,也就是“如何”这个词。本题十分明确地要求考生专门讨论解决某一现象或问题的具体措施,而有的考生没能紧紧围绕解决办法多着笔墨,而去分析交通事故这个问题背后的根源,显然无法取得理想的成绩。 范文: With the rapid development of society, more and more people in China can afford to buy a car.As a consequence, traffic accidents gradually become a serious problem and bring great inconveniences to people. In my opinion, this problem can be solved from three aspects. Firstly, our government should take drastic measures and enforce a series of effective traffic rules, which must be well acknowledged and understood by every person. Those who do not obey the rules will be punished according to the actual situation.

考博英语语法之过去分词与形容词的差别

考博英语语法总结 过去分词与形容词的语义差: 1.Destructive:causing damage to people or things the destructive power of modern weapons Damaged:being in a bad state emotionally damaged children 2.Respected:admired by many because of achievements He’s one of the most respected managers in the game. Respectful:feeling or showing respect They listened in respectful silence. 3. Preferred :Her own preferred methods of exercise are hiking and long cycle rides. Preferable: A big earthquake a long way off is preferable to a smaller one nearby. Preferential:Bank officials denied giving the senator any preferential treatment. 4. Unimagined:Others see a new golden age of business and technology that will lift the market to unimagined heights. Unimaginative:That means the traditional office layout of lined-up cubicles and work stations is seen as rigid and unimaginative. 5.Loving:She was a devoted wife and a very loving mother. Lovable: a sweet lovable child Lovely:We had a lovely holiday. 6. Tolerated:While Patches are generally well tolerated they are not always suitable for everyone.

中科院博士英语考试心得

中科院博士考试心得之一:词汇记忆 众所周知,英语考试中,词汇是关键,是所有考察题目的前提。没有足够的词汇量,或者对词汇的记忆、理解不够好,直接决定了英语水平的高低,想考个好成绩更是无法谈取。所以,词汇是万里长征的第一步。 如果不幸你又选择了中科院作为博士考试的目标,嘿嘿,情况可以用“雪上加霜”来形容了。记得当年考硕士的时候,国家规定的词汇量大约是5700个(现在可能有变化,但不会很大吧),英语六级的词汇量也差不多就这些(稍有出入,但变化不大)。而中科院的英语博士入学考试词汇大纲(以北京理工大学出版社的大纲为准),包括的词汇量达到了近12000。这个数字达到了硕士英语大纲的两倍。虽然不能否认很多词汇之间有内在联系,可当我第一次拿到这个大纲的时候,我从来没见过的单词多的是。 废话少说吧。 第一,要有个权威的英语词汇大纲。 我选择的是北理出版社的版本,其特点是综合了历年中科院英语博士入学考试试卷中出现过的词汇,比较全面,而且有一定的针对性。在看这本书之间,建议大家可以先把六级字汇大纲,或者一些学者编写的硕士研究生入学考试字汇大纲上的所有词汇都记完。这个应该不难,大家都是过来人嘛,而且量也没那么大。 第二,第一次如何看北理版本的大纲。 这本书上会有很多字汇以前没有见过,如何把这些词汇搞明白,相当有难度。在大学时期,大家都习惯拿着词汇表,从头背到尾,也有人喜欢把词汇分成几个大块,一块一块的往下记。这是个好方法,而且也比较有效果。但对大多数的博士考生来说,缺乏基本条件。因为我们这些人要么是已经工作了,日常杂事繁多,要么正在准

备硕士毕业论文,不可能拿出一上午,或者一下午的时间。我比较推荐的方法是“分而食之”。 1,拿出大约一周的时间,对大纲中的词汇进行甄别。自己已经知道的词汇放过,不会的词汇用红笔做个记号。然后把这些做了记号的词汇分别抄写到窄纸条上,并附上其中文意思(如果不知道怎么读,还要注明音标),最好每个词一个小条。对于有派生的词汇,可以只抄下根词,余下的可以放在以后解决。把这些小条按照字母顺序分成多个包,比如a开头的放在一起,有些词汇不多的,可以合并(大纲中,真正没有见过的词也就2000左右吧,因人而异,而派生、词组占了不少)。 2,在自己口袋里一次放一个包,大约会有30~60个单词吧。当你在忙于工作的间隙,或者散步的间隙…..(只要是有小的时间段就可以),从口袋里摸出一个小条,快速的记下它是怎么拼写的,怎么读的,中文意思是什么,然后把纸条放在另一个口袋里。接着就可以在脑海里默记,做到会读,将来见到这个词了,能知道它的大体意思(至少它是什么性质的词)。一般来说,半天就可以解决50个生词,而且不会误工作。就靠这个方法,我在3周内,不知不觉的啃掉了大约近2000个生词。(提醒一下,如果你在路上默记,安全第一,碰着树了,撞着墙了都没多大影响,和车车接吻可就麻烦了:))。这一步完成后,如果效果不是多好,可以重复,一般2个回合足够了。 第三,这个时候,大纲中的词汇分成了两类。一类是才记过的,但不是很熟练, 一类是以前都熟悉的。针对这两类词汇,采取交叉记忆,周期轮回的方法。 1,每天对大纲中新记过的划红线词汇都要过目一遍。这个过程要快,一看到这个单词,就回想它的中文意思,想不出来没关系,可以参考大纲。切不可回复,非要把它记清楚再看后边的,没这个必要,因为这个时候不会的词还多着呢,误了时间就是缩短了记忆的周期,等你把这个熟悉了,以前有点印象的词汇又失去了。注重的是整个不熟悉词汇的过目频率,而不是哪几个单词。2000多个词,2个小时内必须扫过一遍。

考博英语词汇语法练习题(附答案详解)

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