高中英语七选五做题模式(教师版)
专题六
阅读七选五
解题策
略步骤1速读全文，提炼主题
快速浏览文章，重点关注要点词句，包括首尾段、首尾句、独立成段的句子和文中带衔接词的句子等，大致了解文章主题，并简要把握文章布局。特别注意段落间的关系。
步骤2边读边做，确定选项
(1)从意思上判断
明确各选项的大意，抓牢各句的关键词和复现词。边读边做题，重点阅读各个空格前后的句子，圈定线索词，推断5个设空处应填句子的意思。然后从选项中寻找匹配的答案。
(2)从词汇上锁定
①衔接词汇
衔接词汇可以反映上下文关系。常见的有：表并列的and，or，on one hand...on the other hand等；表转折的though，instead，otherwise，nevertheless，however等；表递进的besides，moreover等；表因果的therefore，so等。
②代词
代词用于指代前面提及的名词或形容词。做题时，可通过代词在句中所作的成分和代词的单复数推断出它指代的成分，巧妙利用这样的指代关系准确而快速地从选项中找到答案。
③疑问词
如果选项中或设空处前出现疑问词，一定要认真研读，因为针对不同疑问词的回答方式是不一样的。比如对why的回答，一般要有because等表示原因的词；对when的回答，一般要有表示时间的词；对where
的回答，一般要有表示地点的词；对how的回答，一般要有表示方式或程度的词等。
④复现词
英语文章中前言后语之间往往有同义词、近义词、近义表达语甚至相同词汇的重复使用，因此在解题时，要格外留意某一词语可能以不同的词性、数、格、时态等形式复现，如read，reading，reader，readers等，这是解题时一个很好的判断依据。
步骤3通读复检，确定排除
将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点检查逻辑关系。研究多余选项，确定排除理由，最终敲定答案。
模式1| 设空在段首
考查要点(1)小标题或段落主题句：如章首或段首设空，一般考查文章或段落主题。
(2)注释小标题：如在小标题之后接着设空，一般是对小标题加以注释。
(3)段落间的过渡句：如首段之后的段首设空，一般是考查承上启下的过渡语句。
1．小标题、副标题
17
Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants，flowers，patterns and masses of color.Others are concerned
about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers (肥料).18.Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants.However，there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden.One of them comes from our earliest years.
A．Know why you garden
[思路分析]由该空所在位置可知这是一个小标题。由其后内容“有些人可能认为花园……，有些人关心……。然而，还有很多其他原因……”可知本段的主题应该是A项“知道你为什么要做园艺工作”。
2．主题句、主要观点
75 For the risk-seekers，a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active，while for the rest of us，a part of the brain related to fear becomes active.
G．New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation.
[思路分析]由空格后句子For the risk-seekers ...while for the rest of us ...“对于爱冒险者……而对于我们其他人……”可断定本段主题为“新的大脑研究表明，当我们面临紧张局势时，我们的大脑工作方式不同”。
3．段落过渡语句
Everyone knows that fish is good for health.36.The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease. But it seems that many people don't cook fish at home.Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year，but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home.Buying，storing，and cooking fish isn't difficult.37.It just requires a little knowledge. This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way.
38 Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that you're standing at the ocean's edge.Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn't fresh.39.Do not buy it. When you have bought a fish and arrive home，you'd better store the fish in the refrigerator if you don't cook it immediately，but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two.Frozen fish isn't as tasty as the fresh one.
F．When buying fish，you should first smell it.
[思路分析]空格内的句子承上启下，前一段的最后一句说“这篇文章是关于如何轻松地买鱼和烹饪鱼的”，下一段介绍的是买鱼时的注意事项。根据空格后的Fresh fish should smell sweet可判定选F，句意为“买鱼时，你应该先闻一闻”。
1.段落主题句
There are many common methods used to cook fish. 40 First，clean it and season it with your choice of spices (调料)．Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound.(A larger one will take more time.) Then，it's ready to serve.
B．The easiest is to steam it.
[思路分析]段落首句说“鱼有很多普通做法”并不是主题句，根据空格后面“如何蒸鱼”的介绍可知，空格内的句子“最简单的(方法)是蒸鱼”才是本段的主题句。
2．解释、引申、例证
Everyone knows that fish is good for health. 36 But it seems that many people don't cook fish at home.Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year，but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home.Buying，storing，and cooking fish isn't difficult.37.It just requires a little knowledge. This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way.
G．The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.
[思路分析]空格内的句子是对前句的进一步解释，空格前说“人人都知道吃鱼有益健康”，空格内的句子解释原因是“人们认为鱼的脂肪有助于预防心脏病”。
3．方法、措施、步骤
Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids.We know what's going on inside our own head，but what about others? Being able to read people helps kids from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions. 39 “Why do you think she's crying？”“Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face？” “If someone were to do that to you，how would you feel？”
F．We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.
[思路分析]根据39空后面的几个问题我们很容易判断出，家长可以采取的方法是利用故事书中的人物教育孩子，引导孩子学会揣摩别人的心思。
4．句间过渡语句
Watch for misleading language.Some studies will find that a behavior “contributes to” or is “associated with” an outcome; this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result. 73 Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it.
F．Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an author's point of view.
[思路分析]F项与本段主题句Watch for misleading language.相吻合，句中的also很好地衔接了前一句话，同时从意思上也为下文做了很好的过渡。
1.结论性语句
Finally，you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away. 75
G．Therefore，it's a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you're in the daydream zone.
[思路分析]G项中to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby很好地解决了上句中提到的问题，从Therefore可知应为结论句。
2．段落过渡语句
Making good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation.A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information.Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information，how to separate fact from opinion，how to recognize poor reasoning，and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources. 71
Go to the original source.Media reports often simplify the results of medical research.Find out for yourself what a study really reported，and determine whether it was based on good science.Think about the type of study.72.And examine the findings of the original research.
G．The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources.
[思路分析]第一段简要提出我们要学会分析来自各种渠道的健康信息，下文接着就如何对这些信息进行分类整理给予一些建议，空格内的句子起承上启下的作用。
3．补充性语句
So why aren't we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well，even 200，000 years ago，too much risk-taking could get one killed.A few daring survived，though，along with a few stay-in-the-cave types.As a result，humans developed a range of character types that still exists today.So maybe you love car racing，or maybe you hate it. 73
A．It all depends on your character.
[思路分析]空格前的句子“所以，可能你热爱赛车，或者可能你讨厌它”可以为本段画上句号，但是加上空格内的句子“这都取决于你的性格”会更清晰明了，它是对前句的适当的补充。
A
How to Avoid an Internet Addiction
While it may seem like everyone surfs the web these days，there is a fine line between casually checking your social media pages and having a full-blown Internet addiction.If you fear that you may lose interest in other aspects of your life because you prefer to be on the Internet，you may be on your way to an Internet addiction. 1
Admit you are at risk of an addiction.
More and more people in the world are becoming addicted to the Internet.You are not the only one with this problem，and it is becoming more and more common and more and more well-known. 2
Set aside limited time for computer use.
Make sure not to turn it on too many times a week.If you have a laptop，make sure to put it somewhere that you can remember but not somewhere that you see every day.Try keeping the lid closed when you are not using it. 3 If you have a desktop PC，try not to go near it or put something over it like a sheet.
Call people instead of sending instant messages or texts.
If you are free on weekends，call friends and ask them to go outside.This will distract you from the computer. 4
Use an alarm clock or timer.
Before using your computer，decide on a time limit such as 30 minutes.Set the clock or timer and make sure that you get off the computer when the time is up.Alternatively create a shutdown timer on your desktop. 5
A．Make a small list of what you want to do within that time.
B．When the computer is not looking at you，you are less likely to use it.
C．This can be programmed to shut down your computer after the set time.
D．Luckily，there are ways to avoid living your life in front of the computer.
E．This will stop you from using the Internet so often or going on to another page.
F．If you have a problem on weekdays，phone your friends or ask for help in person.
G．Do not be embarrassed；find others with the same problem and help each other beat it.
网瘾会给人们的生活带来很大的影响，本文就如何避免网瘾提出了建议。
1．D[上文谈到网瘾会导致你对生活的其他方面失去兴趣，下文的几条建议则是有关如何避免网瘾的，D项对全文起着承上启下的作用。]
2．G[本段的主旨是“Admit you are at risk of an addiction.”，再结合本段讲述的“越来越多的人有网瘾，这是一个普遍现象”可知，选G项“不要觉得不好意思，找到和你一样有网瘾的人，互相帮助去战胜网瘾”。] 3．B[根据空前的“Try keeping the lid closed when you are not using it.”可知，作者建议你不用电脑时，把它合上，故选B项“看不到电脑时，你用它的可能性就小”。]
4．F[本段的主题是“给朋友打电话而不是在网上发信息”，上文的“call friends and ask them to go outside”与F 项中的“phone your friends or ask for help in person”，还有上文的“on weekends”与F项中的“on weekdays”前后呼应。] 5．C[本段的主题是“Use an alarm clock or timer.”，作者建议使用闹钟或定时器来限制上网的时间，空前的“shutdown timer”与C项中的“shut down your computer after the set time”相对应。]
B
(2016·石家庄市调研检测)
Learning to set goals plays an important role as your child starts to gain independence.However，setting goals doesn't come naturally to your child，so helping him to learn the process should probably be one of your goals.
Explain the wo rd “goal”．Your child may know what a goal is when it comes to soccer，but he may not understand what it means in everyday life. 6
Listen to your child.Ideally，you want your child to be able to decide for himself what his goals are. 7 Let him talk about what he thinks he does well and what he thinks he needs to improve.If he's stuck, you can provide some examples of your own personal goals.
Help keep goals achievable.Don't throw cold water on your child. 8 For example，if your child wants to be a champion swimmer，but can't swim an entire lap of the pool yet，you can suggest he start by making that his first goal.
9 Help your child write down his goals in an easy-to-follow form.Being able to see and check off the steps on the way to his goal is key in keeping him motivated.A really simple way is to have your child draw a ladder on a piece of paper，writing his goal at the top and each step to that goal on the rungs (梯级)．10
A．Change goals every so often.
B．Make a visual goal reminder.
C．Don't always tell him what you think.
D．He's climbing to the top as he gets closer to his goal.
E．You can take sports as an example to help explain it to him.
F．Once he has set up a goal，he may find it very difficult to achieve it.
G．When a goal is beyond his reach，help him break it down into smaller pieces.
本文主要介绍了如何帮助孩子设定自己的目标，从而使他们学会独立。
6．E[根据空前的“Your child may know what a goal is when it comes to soccer”可知，你可以通过拿运动做例子来帮助孩子明白目标的概念，所以选E项。]
7．C[根据本段主题句“Listen to your child.”和空前的“Ideally，you want your child to be able to decide for himself what his goals are.”可知，你不要总是告诉孩子你的想法，要让孩子自己去决定他的目标，所以选C项。] 8．G[根据本段主题句“Help keep goals achievable.”和空后所举的例子可推知，父母在孩子的目标太大不能实现的情况下，可以帮助其分解目标从而逐步实现目标，所以选G项。]
9．B[根据空后的“Help your child write down his goals in an easy-to-follow form.”可知，确定目标之后，要让孩子把目标写下来，便于提醒和及时查看，所以选B项。]
10．D[根据空前的“A really simple way is to have your child draw a ladder on a piece of paper，writing his goal at the top and each step to that goal on the rungs(梯级)．”可知，爬向顶端就意味着离目标更近了，所以选D项。]
A
Secret codes(密码) keep messages private.Banks，companies，and government agencies use secret codes in doing business，especially when information is sent by computer.
People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 1 Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making.The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.
There are three main types of cryptography. 2 For example，the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” spell out the hidden message “Meet me.”
3 You might represent each letter with a number，for example.Let's number the letters of the alphabet，in order，from
1 to 26.If we substitute a number for each letter，the message “Meet me” would read “13 5 5 20 13 5.”
A code uses symbols to replace words，phrases，or sentences.To read the message of a real code，you must have a code book. 4 For example，“bridge” might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “Bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.” 5 However，it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long.So codes must be changed frequently.
A．It is very hard to break a code without the code book.
B．In any language，some letters are used more than others.
C．Only people who know the keyword can read the message.
D．As long as there have been codes，people have tried to break them.
E．You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.
F．With a code book，you might write down words that would stand for other words.
G．Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.
本文是一篇说明文。人们用密码来传递信息已有几千年历史。设置密码与破解密码的斗争也是永久不变的话题。
1．D[句间过渡性语句。空格前一句说“人们使用密码已有几千年了”，空格后又说“破解密码从不远远落后于设置密码”，由此语境可知选D项“只要有过的密码，人们就试图破解”。]
2．E[前句说有三种密码，空格内应是介绍第一种。由该空的后一句可知，此空选E(你可以拼写每个单词的首字母来隐藏信息)。]
3．G[段落主题句，也是段间过渡性语句。前一段作者说有三种主要类型的密码学并介绍了第一种，根据逻辑关系可推知，本段应介绍第二种。]
4．F[句间过渡性语句。通过对前面的进一步解释和后面的例证得出正确答案。空格前说“要读取真正代码的信息，你必须要有一个密码本”，由a code book可锁定F项中的With a code book。F项“有了密码本，你可以写下代表其他单词的单词”符合上下文语境。]
5．A[分析语境可知，该空仍然在谈论密码本的事情，由此可锁定A项“没有密码本很难破解密码”，这与后一句“但是，长期保持密码本的秘密也很难”语意衔接紧密，可确定为答案。]
B
Happiness is the only true measure of personal success.Making other people happy is the highest expression of success.
6 With that in mind，here are some suggestions that will immediately increase the amount of happiness in your life：
7
If there's any big truth about life，it's that it usually lives up to your expectations.Therefore，when you rise from bed，make your first thought：“Something wonderful is going to happen today.” Guess what? You're probably right.
Take time to plan and prioritize(优先处理)．
The most common source of stress is the thought that you've got too much work to do.Rather than worry about it，pick one thing that will move you closer to your highest goal and purpose in life.Then do that first.
Eat high quality food slowly.
8 Even so，at least once a day try to eat something really delicious，like a small chunk of fine cheese or an imported chocolate.Taste it，focus on it and enjoy it.
Let go of your results.
The big enemy of happiness is worry，which comes from focusing on events that are outside your control.Once you've taken action，there's usually nothing more you can do. 9
End each day with gratitude.
Just before you go to bed，write down at least one wonderful thing that happened.It might be something as small as making a child laugh or something as huge as a million dollar deal. 10
A．Start each day with expectations.
B．Give a gift to everyone you meet.
C．Think about the thing that makes your head hurt.
D．It's impossible to make others happy if you're not happy.
E．Whatever it is，be grateful for that day because it will never come again.
F．Sometimes we can't avoid eating something quickly and running.
G．Focus on the job at hand rather than some fantasy that might happen.
本文是一篇议论文。讲述了我们应该如何来增加我们生活中的幸福感。
6．D[根据前文“Making other people happy is the highest expression of success.”和后文“With that in mind...in your life”可知这里与D项“自己不开心时想要使别人开心，那是不可能的事情”语境相符。]
7．A[根据后文“If there's any big truth about life，it's that it usually lives up to your expectations.”可知，不要辜负你的期望，所以应该是每天都带着期望开始新一天的生活，故选A项。]
8．F[根据“Eat high quality food slowly.”可知，要慢慢享受高质量的食物，这与F项语境相符。]
9．G[根据“Once you've taken action，there's usually nothing more you can do.”可知，过多的担忧完全没有必要，所以应该专注于手头的工作，而非可能发生的幻想的事，故选G项。]
10．E[根据“...write down at least one wonderful thing that happened.”可知，要写下至少一件当天发生的美好的事情，这与E项语境相符。]
A
Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady，gradual increases in the length of the runs. 1 ，buy the best-fitting，best-built running shoes you can find.No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet，so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop.When you have found shoes that seem right，walk in them for a few days to double-check the fit. 2 ．As always，you should stretch(伸展)at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.
During the first week，do not think about distance，but run five minutes longer each day. 3 ，it is wise to take a day off to rest.But during the next week，set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run. 4 ．After two weeks，start timing yourself. 5 .Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter，you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race.
A．After six days
B．For a good marathon runner
C．Before you begin your training
D．With each day，increase the distance by a half mile
E．If they still feel good，you can begin running in them
F．Time spent for preparation raises the quality of training
G．Now you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and time
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了进行马拉松训练的具体做法。首先要做好准备，购买最合适的跑鞋。同时要注意在第一周里不要考虑跑多远，而是要逐渐延长跑步时间。到第二周的时候，可以设置跑步距离，每天逐渐加长，然后再根据参赛的具体情况制订训练方案。
1．C[根据该空后面提供的语境buy the best-fitting，best-built running shoes you can find(购买你能找到的最合适的、最好的跑鞋)可知，这是为了跑马拉松而进行的准备，这应该是在进行马拉松训练之前做的事情，故选C项“Before you begin your training”。]
2．E[由该空前的语境When you have found shoes that seem right，walk in them for a few days to doublecheck the fit.(当你发现似乎合适的鞋子时，穿着走动几天，再次检查其舒适度。)可知，E选项中they指的就是前面提到的shoes，属于指代一致。另外feel good与the fit相对应。故选E。]
3．A[空前的During the first week，do not think about distance，but run five minutes longer each day.(在第一周的时候，不要考虑跑了多远，但是每天都要比前一天多跑5分钟。)提到了the first week，即7天，空格后面说it is wise to take a day off to rest(休息一天是明智的)，这样剩余的就是6天，与A项相关。]
4．D[根据该空格前面提供的语境But during the next week，set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run.(但是在接下来的一周，树立每次至少跑1.5英里的目标。)可知，与D项的“每天增加半英里”意义衔接紧密。] 5．G[由该空前的After two weeks，start timing yourself.(两周后，开始给自己计时。)可知，这里的timing与G 项中的improving distance and time意义相关。]
B
How to Be Creative
Most of us think that creativity is a quality belonging only to artists，writers，or dancers，rather than ourselves. 6 The following tips are a great beginning for developing our creativity.
Get out of your comfort zone
We eagerly accept the familiar and fear the unknown.Break out of your usual patterns and welcome creativity into your life.As stated earlier，the human brain was designed to recognize patterns. 7 In fact，our comfort zone is nothing more than a collection of patterns.As we become more efficient at recognizing and using patterns，we rely less on creativity to find new paths.We should force ourselves out of our comfort zones and open up new possibilities.
Try different things
If you always do what you've always done，you'll always get what you've always got.We are creatures of habits and routines，and creativity hates routines.If you usually drive to work，take the subway for a few days. 8 Interrupt your routine，experiment and try something new.New things are often creative，but the same old thing never is.
9
Having a great idea is not enough; you must work to make it a reality.Have you ever seen a new product and realized that you thought of the same thing long ago? Yet someone else is making money with “your” idea.10 The difference between a dreamer and a doer is action.Do whatever it takes to bring your ideas to life.If you can put them into practice，you are well on your way to improving your creativity in all areas of your life.
A．Take action
B．Seek several options
C．Think from the other person's point of view.
D．If you normally eat in the office，have lunch under a tree.
E．The truth is that we are all born with the capacity to be creative.
F．We continue to create patterns and routines for almost everything we do.
G．We all have great ideas sometimes，but only a few people turn their ideas into realities.
本文主要介绍了一些培养创造力的技巧。
6．E[根据空后的“The following tips are a great beginning for developing our creativity.”可知，事实上，我们是天生有创造力的，问题是如何开发这些创造力，所以选E项。]
7．F[根据上下文的“Break out of your usual patterns”“to recognize patterns”和“a collection of patterns”可知，应选F项。]
8．D[根据空前的一句和空后的“Interrupt your routine，experiment and try something new.”可推知，我们应有所创新，打破常规，因此选D项。]
9．A[根据下文的“The difference between a dreamer and a doer is action.”可知，有了梦想后，最重要的是要立即行动，所以选A项。]
10．G[根据上文中的“Having a great idea is not enough；you must work to make it a reality.”与下文中的“The difference between a dreamer and a doer is action.”可知，应选G项，G项起承上启下的作用。