大学英语四级模拟题五(含答案)

大学英语四级模拟题五

Part I Writing (25 minutes) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 25 minutes to write an essay entitled The Use of Cell Phones in Class. You should write at least 120 words following the outline

given below:

1.现在大学生几乎人人都有手机，且手机的功能越来越强大。

2.上课时，也有学生用手机。

3.谈谈你的看法。

Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section A

Directions:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations.

At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said.

Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A),B),C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

1. A) Five lessons. B) Three lessons.

C) Twelve lessons. D) Fifteen lessons.

2. A) In a restaurant. B) At their home.

C) On a street. D) In a hotel room.

3. A) A visitor. B) A reporter.

C) A student. D) A lecturer.

4. A) Buy a ticket for the ten o’clock.

B) Ask the man to change the ticket for her.

C) Go to the airport immediately.

D) Switch to a different flight.

5. A) Help the companies recruit graduate students.

B) Stay at school all the work.

C) Design some ads for her college.

D) Apply for a job in one of the companies.

6. A) It’s not as hard as expected.

B) It’s too tough for some students.

C) It’s much more difficult than people think.

D) It’s believed to be the hardest optional course.

7. A) The woman rejected the man’s apology.

B) The woman appreciate d the man’s offer.

C) The man had forgotten the whole thing.

D) The man had hurt the woman’s feelings.

8. A) Choose some stories for the children.

B) Leave the children at home.

C) Let the children choose by themselves.

D) Let the children take some toys with them. Conversation One

9. A) Searching for reference material.

B) Watching a film of the 1930s.

C) Writing a course book.

D) Looking for a job in a movie studio.

10. A) It’s too abroad to cope with.

B) It’s controver sial.

C) It’s a bit outdated.

D) It’s of little practical value.

11. A) At the end of the online catalogue.

B) At the reference desk.

C) In the New York Times.

D) In the Reader’s Guide to Periodical Literature. Conversation Two

12. A) It was about a little animal.

B) It took her six years to write.

C) It was adapted from a fairy tale.

D) It was about a little girl and her pet.

13. A) She knows how to write best-selling novels.

B) She can earn a lot of money by writing for adults.

C) She is able to win enough support from publishers.

D) She can make a living by doing what she likes.

14. A) The characters.

B) Her ideas.

C) The readers.

D) Her life experiences.

15. A) She doesn’t really know where they originated.

B) She mainly drew on stories of ancient saints.

C) They popped out of her childhood dreams.

D) They grew out of her long hours of thinking.

Section B

Directions:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.

After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices

marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet

with a single line through the center.

Passage One

16. A) Almonds can be sold at a higher price.

B) He wants to get the subsidy from the government.

C) It needs fewer workers to harvest almonds.

D) He can get higher yields and earn more money.

17. A) Many workers switch to other high-paying jobs.

B) The area of fruit plants is much bigger than before.

C) Many workers are ill due to an epidemic.

D) Many workers go to other states in the US.

18. A) The US will import more farm produce from other countries under the current situation.

B) The government will try its best to help the farmers in California.

C) The US has sent back a lot of workers from Mexico.

D) More cheaper farm workers will come to the US this autumn due to the government’s

effort.

Passage Two

19. A) Most of them were criminals from foreign countries.

B) They were very independent and brave.

C) They had to fight together in order to exist.

D) Their biggest threat came from the wild animals.

20. A) They scattered on the great lands.

B) They were too busy to help others.

C) Their sense of value changed.

D) Their population thinned due to disease.

21. A) Getting a sick stranger to the hospital.

B) Holding a party to welcome a newcomer in a company.

C) Helping poor people to pay for their rent.

D) Ignoring a car that breaks down on the highway.

Passage Three

22. A) His branch is assigned to do an unpleasant job.

B) His branch is suffering financial loss due to stealing.

C) He feels over-stressed about his work.

D) He does n’t have enough money to equip his branch.

23. A) They want to get money from it.

B) They are forced to do it.

C) They intend to arouse public.

D) They feel it is fun.

24. A) Having children work as store detectives.

B) Installing closed-circuit television.

C) Fixing alarms in some secret places.

D) Reducing the number of exits.

25. A) It reduces the number of shoplifting.

B) It worries the customers who buy nothing.

C) It decreases the number of customers.

D) It makes the prices of products down.

Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is

read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words

you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should

check what you have written.

More and more of the world’s population are living in towns or cities. The 26 at which cities are growing in the less developed countries is 27 . Between 1920 and 1960 big cities in 28 increased two and a half times in size, but in other parts of the world the growth was eight times their size.

The sheer size of growth is bad enough, but there are now also very 29 signs of trouble in the comparison of percentage of people living in towns and percentages of people working in industry, during the 30 century cities grew as a result of the growth of industry. In Europe, the proportion of people living in cities was always smaller than that of the 31 working in factories. Now, however, the 32 is almost always true in the newly industrialized world. The percentage of people living in cities is 33 the percentage working in industry. Without a base of people working in industry, these cities cannot pay for their growth. There is not enough money to build adequate houses for the people that live there, let alone the new arrivals.

There has been little 34 to build water supplies or other facilities. So the figures for the growth of towns and cities represent proportional growth of unemployment and underemployment, a growth 35 hopeless and despairing parents and starving children.

Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

Section A

Directions:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the

passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each

choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for

each item on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. You may not

use any of the words in the bank more than once.

More than forty thousand readers told us that they looked for in close friendships, what they expected of friends, what they were willing to give in ___36____, and how satisfied they were with the quality of their friendships. The results give little comfort to social critics.

Friendship appears to be a ___37____ form of human bonding. Unlike marriage or the ties that bind parents and children, it is not defined or regulated by law. Unlike other social roles that we are expected to ____38___ —as citizens, employees, members of professional societies and other ____39___ — it has its own principle, which is to ___40____ feelings of warmth, trust, love, and affection between two people.

The survey on friendship appeared in the March ___41____ of Psychology Today. The findings ____42___ that issues of trust and betrayal （背叛）are central to friendship. They also suggest that our readers do not ___43____ for friends only among those who are most like them, but find many who differ in race, religion, and ethnic（种族的）___44____. Arguably the most important ___45____ that emerges from the data, however, is not something that we found — but what we did not.

A) acting B) return C) unique D) cooperative

E) look F) especially G) conclusion H) organizations

I) confirm J) promote K) projects L) background

M) issue N) technology O) play

Section B

Directions:In this section, you are going to read a passage with 10 statements attached to it.

Each statement contains information given in out of the paragraphs. Identify the

paragraph which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more

than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by

marking the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

Media Selection for Advertisements

A) After determining the target audience for a product or service, advertising agencies must

select the appropriate media for the advertisement. We discuss here the major types of media used in advertising. We focus our attention on seven types of advertising: television, newspapers, radio, magazines, out-of-home, Internet, and direct mail.

B) Television is an attractive medium for advertising because it delivers mass audiences to

advertisers. When you consider that nearly three out of four Americans have seen the game show Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? You can understand the power of television to communicate with a large audience. When advertisers create a brand, for example, they want to impress consumers with the brand and its image. Television provides an ideal vehicle for this type of communication. But television is an expensive medium, and not all advertisers can afford to use it.

C) Television's influence on advertising is fourfold. First, narrowcasting means that television

channels are seen by an increasingly narrow segment of the audience. The Golf Channel, for instance, is watched by people who play golf. Home and Garden Television is seen by those

interested in household improvement projects. Thus, audiences are smaller and more homogeneous(具有共同特点的) than they have been in the past. Second, there is an increase in the number of television channels available to viewers, and thus, advertisers.

This has also resulted in an increase in the sheer number of advertisements to which audiences are exposed. Third, digital recording devices allow audience members more control over which commercials they watch. Fourth, control over programming is being passed from the networks to local cable operators and satellite programmers.

D) After television, the medium attracting the next largest annual ad revenue is newspapers.

The New York Times, which reaches a national audience, accounts for $1 billion in ad revenue annually. It has increased its national circulation(发行量) by 40% and is now available for home delivery in 168 cities. Locally, newspapers are the largest advertising medium.

E) Newspapers are a less expensive advertising medium than television and provide a way for

advertisers to communicate a longer, more detailed message to their audience than they can through television. Given new production techniques, advertisements can be printed in newspapers in about 48 hours, meaning newspapers are also a quick way of getting the message out. Newspapers are often the most important form of news for a local community, and they develop a high degree of loyalty from local readers.

F) Advertising on radio continues to grow. Radio is often used in conjunction with outdoor

billboards(广告牌) and the Internet to reach even more customers than television.

Advertisers are likely to use radio because it is a less expensive medium than television, which means advertisers can afford to repeat their ads often. Internet companies are also turning to radio advertising. Radio provides a way for advertisers to communicate with audience members at all times of the day. Consumers listen to radio on their way to school or work, at work, on the way home, and in the evening hours.

G) Two major changes—satellite and Internet radio—will force radio advertisers to adapt their

methods. Both of these radio forms allow listeners to tune in stations that are more distant than the local stations they could receive in the past. As a result, radio will increasingly attract target audiences who live many miles apart.

H) Newsweeklies, women’s titles, and business magazines have all seen increases in

advertising because they attract the high-end market. Magazines are popular with advertisers because of the narrow market that they deliver. A broadcast medium such as network television attracts all types of audience members, but magazine audiences are more homogeneous. If you read Sports Illustrated, for example, you have much in common with the magazine’s other reader s. Advertisers see magazines as an efficient way of reaching target audience members.

I) Advertiser using the print media-magazines and newspapers will need to adapt to two main

changes. First, the Internet will bring larger audiences to local newspapers. These audiences will be more diverse and geographically dispersed（分散）than in the past. Second,

advertisers will have to understand how to use an increasing number of magazines for their target audiences. Although some magazines will maintain national audiences, a large number of magazines will entertain narrower audiences.

J) Out-of-home advertising, also called place-based advertising, has become an increasingly effective way of reaching consumers, who are more active than ever before. Many consumers today do not sit at home and watch television. Using billboards, newsstands, and bus shelters for advertising is an effective way of reaching these on-the-go consumers. More consumers travel longer distances to and from work, which also makes out-of-home advertising effective. Technology has changed the nature of the billboard business, making it a more effective medium than in the past. Using digital printing, billboard companies can print a billboard in 2 hours, compared with 6 days previously. This allows advertisers more variety in the types of messages they create because they can change their messages more quickly.

K) As consumers become more comfortable with online shopping, advertisers will seek to reach this market. As consumers get more of their news and information from the Internet, the ability of television and radio to get the word out to consumers will decrease. The challenge to Internet advertisers is to create ads that audience members remember.

L) Internet advertising will play a more prominent role in organizations' advertising in the near future. Internet audiences tend to be quite homogeneous, but small. Advertisers will have to adjust their methods to reach these audiences and will have to adapt their persuasive strategies to the online medium as well.

M) A final advertising medium is direct mail, which uses mailings to consumers to communicate a client's message. Direct mail includes newsletters, postcards and special promotions. Direct mail is an effective way to build relationships with consumers. For many businesses, direct mail is the most effective form of advertising.

46. Television is an attractive advertising medium in that it has large audiences.

47. The challenge to Internet advertisers is to create ads that are easy to remember.

48. Compared with television, newspapers as an advertising medium convey more detailed

messages.

49. Magazines are seen by advertisers as an efficient way to reach target audiences.

50. Advertising on radio continues to grow because it provides easy access to consumers.

51. Out-of-home advertising has become more effective because consumers travel more now

than ever.

52. With the increase in the number of TV channels, the number of TV ads people can see has

increased.

53. Newspaper ranks the second among all the media which attract annual ad revenue.

54. Direct mail is an effective form of advertising for businesses to develop relationships with

consumers.

55. Internet advertisers will have to adjust their methods to reach audiences that tend to be

quite homogeneous, but small.

Section C

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C)

and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on

the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.

In Britain there is a National Health Service (NHS) which is paid for by taxes and National Insurance, and in general people do not have to pay for medical treatment. Every person is registered with a doctor in his or her local area, known as a general practitioner (全科医生) or GP. This means that their names are on the GP’s list, and they may make an appointment to see the doctor or may call the doctor out to visit them if they are ill. People sometimes do have to pay part of the cost of drugs that the doctor prescribes. GPs are trained in general medicine but are not specialists in any particular subject. If a patient needs to see a specialist doctor, they must first go to their GP and then the GP will make an appointment for the patient to see a specialist at a hospital or clinic.

Although everyone in Britain can have free treatment under the NHS, it is also impossible for him to have treatment done privately, for which he has to pay. Some people have private health insurance to help them pay for private treatment. Under the NHS, people who need to go to hospital may have to wait for a long time on a waiting list for their treatment. Anyone who is very ill can call an ambulance（救护车）and get taken to hospital for free urgent medical treatment. Ambulances are a free service in Britain.

56. In Britain, the National Health Service refers to____________.

A) a local hospital

B) a medicine supplier

C) a medical care system

D) an insurance company

57. Under the National Health Service, British citizens _________.

A) are all registered with a general practitioner

B) do not need to buy private health insurance

C) can only go to see a general practitioner

D) cannot call in a general practitioner

58. People buy private health insurance in order to ___________.

A) pay for the ambulance service

B) receive free urgent treatment

C) see a general practitioner

D) have private treatment

59. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A) People in Britain do not have to pay for any kind of medical care.

B) People in Britain may wait long for their free medical treatment.

C) In Britain you have to pay for ambulance service.

D) British private medical insurance is free.

60. What is this passage mainly about?

A) Private medical care in Britain.

B) Roles of general practitioners.

C) Taxes and free medical care.

D) Health services in Britain.

Passage Two

Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.

For an increasing number of students at American universities, Old is suddenly in. The reason is obvious: the graying of America means jobs. Coupled with the aging of the baby-boom (生育高峰) generation, a longer life span means that the nation’s elderly population is bound to expand significantly over the next 50 years. By 2050, 25 percent of all Americans will be older than 65, up from 14 percent in 1995. The change poses profound questions for government and society, of course. But it also creates career opportunities in medicine and health professions, and in law and business as well. “In addition to the doctors, we’re going to need more sociologists, biologists, urban planners and spe cialized lawyers,” says Professor Edward Schneider of the University of Southern California’s (USC) School of Gerontology (老

年学).

Lawyers can specialize in “elder law,” which covers everything from trusts and estates to nursing-home abuse and age discrimination (歧视). Businessmen see huge opportunities in the elder market because the baby boomers, 74 million strong, are likely to be the wealthiest group of retirees in human history. “Any student who combines an expert knowledge in gerontology with, say, an MBA or law degree will have a license to print money,” one professor says.

Margarite Santos is a 21-year-old senior at USC. She began college as a biology major but found she was “really bored with bacteria.” So she took a class in gerontology and discovered that she liked it. She says, “I did volunteer work in retirement homes and it was very satisfying.”

61. “…Old is suddenly in” (Line 1, Para. 1) most probably means “______________”.

A) America has suddenly become a nation of old people

B) gerontology has suddenly become popular

C) more elderly professors are found on American campuses

D) American colleges have realized the need of enrolling older students

62. With the aging of America, lawyers can benefit _________________.

A) from the adoption of the “elder law”

B) from rendering special services to the elderly

C) by enriching their professional knowledge

D) by winning the trust of the elderly to promote their own interests

63. Why can businessmen make money in the emerging elder market?

A) Retirees are more generous in spending money.

B) They can employ more gerontologists.

C) The elderly possess an enormous purchasing power.

D) There are more elderly people working than before.

64. Who can make big money in the new century according to the passage?

A) Retirees who are business-minded.

B) The volunteer workers in retirement homes.

C) College graduates with an MBA or law degree.

D) Professionals with a good knowledge of gerontology.

65. It can be seen from the passage that the expansion of America’s elderly population

________.

A) will provide good job opportunities in many areas

B) will impose an unbearable burden on society

C) may lead to nursing home abuse and age discrimination

D) will create new fields of study in universities

Part IV Translation (20 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 20 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English and write your version in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.

世界钻石委员会（The World Diamond Council）成立于2000年，来抵制消除非洲的非法钻石交易。世界钻石委员会认为钻石的用处不仅仅是看起来漂亮，其可以被用来在多个方面有利于整个社会。举例来说，全球大约有1000万人获得钻石行业的支持。在非洲，钻石产业的收入对于抵御HIV/AIDS都是不可或缺的。

大学英语四级模拟题五答案

Part I Writing 15%

Part II Listening 35%

1—5 B D C D D

6—10 C D C A A

11—15 D AD B A

16—20 C A A C A

21—25 A B D B B

26. speed

27. alarming

28. developed countries

29. disturbing

30. nineteenth

31. workforce

32. reverse

33. much higher than

34. opportunity

35. in the number of

Part III Reading comprehension 35%

Section A ( 5%)

36. B 37. C 38. O 39. H 40. J 41. M 42. I 43. E 44. L 45. G Section B (10%)

46. B 47. K 48. E 49. H 50. F 51. J 52. C 53. D 54. M 55. L Section C (20%)

56—60 C A D B D

61—65 B B C D A

Part IV Translation 15%

The World Diamond Council, formed in 2000 to combat illegal diamond trading in Africa, maintains that diamonds benefit the world in many ways other than just looking pretty.

For example, roughly 10 million people worldwide are supported by the diamond industry.

Also, revenue from the diamond industry is integral to the fight against HIV/AIDS in Africa.

大学英语四级模拟试题四(附含答案解析)

大学英语四级模拟题四 Part One Reading Comprehension (2’×10 = 20’) Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Passage One Air pollution can spread from city to city. It even spreads from one country to another. Some northern European countries have had “black snow”from pollutants that have traveled through the air from other countries and have fallen with the snow. So air pollution is really a global problem. Air pollution can kill babies, older people, and those who have respiratory（呼吸的）diseases. As found in cities, air pollution increases the risks of certain lung diseases. Air pollution can cause both airplane and car accidents because it cuts down visibility （能见度）. There are other possible health dangers from air pollution that we don’t know much about. For example, scientists are trying to find out whether chemicals that reach us from the air may cause changes in our cells. These changes might cause babies to be born with serious birth defects. Scientists are trying to learn how all the many chemicals are apt（易于的）to take into our bodies from air, water, food, and even medicines act together to affect our health and the way our bodies work. That is another reason why it is so important to begin to control pollution now instead of waiting until we learn all the answers. Air pollution costs us a lot of money. It corrodes（腐蚀）our buildings. It damages farm crops and forests. It has a destructive effect on our works of art. The cost of all this damage to our government is great. It would be much more worthwhile, both for us and for the government, to spend our tax dollars on air pollution control. 1. Air pollution may lead to airplane accidents because . A. it may cause pilots to be ill B. engines may fail from the air-borne dirt C. visibility is reduced D. it brings a lot of black snow 2. Scientists are trying to find a link between pollution and . A. intelligence levels B. birth problems C. man’s behavior D. the nervous system 3. Scientists have not yet determined . A. all of the effects of pollution on the human body B. how pollution can be controlled successfully C. when the atmosphere first became polluted D. how some snow becomes black 4. The author suggests that before air pollution becomes more serious, . A. factories will be forced to stop operating B. buildings should be protected C. the earth will begin to grow colder D. more money should be spent to solve the problem 5. We can conclude that . A. civilization may be ruined if pollution is not controlled B. pollution is more serious in Europe than it is in America C. most people do not know that pollution is a serious problem D. we should learn all the answers before we begin to control pollution Passage Two Stiletto heels could be banned from the workplace because of health and safety reasons, according to British Trade Union bosses. The Trade Union Congress, predominantly male, has proposed a motion arguing that high heels are disrespectful to women while they also contribute to long term injuries. They propose instead that women wear “sensible shoes”with an inch heel limit in an attempt to avoid future foot and back pain as well as injuries. The motion is due to be debated at next month’s conference. The motion states: “Congress believes high heels may look glamorous on the Hollywood catwalks but are completely in appropriate for the day-to-day working environment. Feet bear the burden of daily life, and for many workers prolonged standing, badly fitted footwear, and in particular high heels can be a hazard. Around two million days a year are lost through sickness as a result of lower limb disorders. Wearing high heels can cause long-term foot problems and also serious foot, knee and back pain and damaged joints. Many employers in the retail sector force women workers to wear high heels as part of their dress code. More must be done to raise awareness of this problem so that women workers and their feet are protected.” Nadline Dorries, the Tory Member of Parliament, however criticized the motion and said the extra height heels give women can help them when in the workplace. “I’m 5ft 3in and need every inch of my Christian Louboutin heels to look my male colleagues in the eye,”she said. “If high heels were banned in Westminster, no one would be able to find me. The Trade Union leaders need to get real, stop using obvious sexist tactics by discussing women’s

大学英语四级考试专项练习题：完形填空(一)

最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！ 洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：https://www.docsj.com/doc/8914666000.html,/ielts/xd.html（报名网址） In a telephone survey of more than 2，000 adults，21% said they believed the sun revolved (旋转)around the earth. An 71 7% did not know which revolved around 72. I have no doubt that 73 all of these people were 74 in school that the earth revolves around the sun; 75 may even have written it 76 at test. But they never 77 their incorrect mental models of planetary (行星的) 78 because their every day observations didn’t support 79 their teachers told them: People see the sun moving 80 the sky as morning turns to night，and the earth seems stationary (静止的) 81 that is happening. Students can learn the right answers 82 heart in class，and yet never combined them 83 their working models of the world. The objectively correct answer the professor accepts and the 84 personal understanding of the world can 85 side by side，each unaffected by the other. Outside of class，the student continues to use the 86 model because it has always worked well 87 that circumstance. Unless professors address 88 errors in students’personal models of the world，students are not 89 to replace them with the 90 one. 71.A.excessive B. extraC. additionalD. added 72.A.what B. whichC. thatD. other 73.A.virtually B. remarkablyC. ideallyD. preferably 74.A.learned B. suggestedC. taughtD. advised 75.A.those B. theseC. whoD. they 76.A.on B. withC. underD. for 77.A.formed B. alteredC. believedD. thought 78.A.operation B. positionC. motionD. location 79.A.how B. whichC. thatD. what 80.A.around B. acrossC. onD. above 81.A.since B. soC. whileD. for 82.A.to B. byC. inD. with 83.A.with B. intoC. toD. along 84.A.adult’s B. teacher’sC. scientist’sD. student’s 85.A.exist B. occurC. surviveD. maintain 86.A.private B. individualC. personalD. own 87.A.in B. withC. onD. for 88.A.general B. naturalC. similarD. specific 89.A.obliged B. likelyC. probableD. partial 90.A.perfectB. betterC. reasonableD. correct 【答案】： 71.C72.B73.A74.C75.D76.A77.B78.C79.D80.B 81.C82.B 83.A84.D85.A86.C87.A88.D89.B90.D 【答案解析】： 71.C四个答案都有“额外”的意思，但各有偏重。A重在表达“过量、超过正常的部分”;B是“在一类事物之外的额外部分”;D是“外加的”。因此只有C答案符合本题要求：“另外有7%的人不知道是谁绕着谁转。”

大学英语四级试卷-英语四级考试模拟题及答7

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Calculate for a moment what could be done with even a part of those hours. Five thousand hours, I am told, are what a typical college undergraduate spends working on a bachelor's degree. In 10,000 hours you could have learned enough to become an astronomer or engineer. You could have learned several languages fluently. If it appealed to you, you could be reading Homer in the original Greek or Dostoyevsky in Russian. If it didn't, you could have walked around the world and written a book about it. The trouble with television is that it discourages concentration. Almost anything interesting and rewarding in life requires some constructive, consistently applied effort. The dullest, the least gifted of us can achieve things that seem miraculous to those who never concentrate on anything. But Television encourages us to apply no effort. It sells us instant gratification(满意). It diverts us only to divert, to make the time pass without pain. Television's variety becomes a narcotic(麻醉的), nor a stimulus. Its serial, kaleidoscopic (万花筒般的)exposures force us to follow its lead. The viewer is on a perpetual guided tour: 30 minutes at the museum, 30 at the cathedral, 30 for a drink, then back on the bus to the next attraction—except on television., typically, the spans allotted arc on the order of minutes or seconds, and the chosen delights are more often car crashes and people killing one another. In short, a lot of television usurps(篡夺;侵占) one of the most precious of all human gifts, the ability to focus your attention yourself, rather than just passively surrender it. Capturing your attention—and holding it—is the prime motive of most television programming and enhances its role as a profitable advertising vehicle. Programmers live in constant fear of losing anyone's attention—anyone's. The surest way to avoid doing so is to keep everything brief, not to strain the attention of anyone but instead to provide constant stimulation through variety, novelty, action and movement. Quite

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