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考博英语阅读模拟

考博英语辅导：考博英语阅读理解习题(1)

What we know of prenatal development makes all this attempt made by a mother to mold the character of her unborn child by studying poetry，art，or mathematics during pregnancy seem utterly impossible. How could such extremely complex influences pass from the mother to the child？There is no connection between their nervous systems. Even the blood vessels of mother and child do not join directly. An emotional shock to the mother will affect her child，because it changes the activity of her glands and so the chemistry her blood. Any chemical change in the mother's blood will affect the child for better or worse. But we can not see how a looking for mathematics or poetic genius can be dissolved in blood and produce a similar liking or genius in the child.

In our discussion of instincts we saw that there was reason to believe that whatever we inherit must be of some very simple sort rather than any complicated or very definite kind of behavior. It is certain that no one inherits a knowledge of mathematics. It may be，however，that children inherit more or less of a rather general ability that we may call intelligence. If very intelligent children become deeply interested in mathematics，they will probably make a success of that study.

As for musical ability，it may be that what is inherited is an especially sensitive ear，a peculiar structure of the hands or the vocal organs connections between nerves and muscles that make it comparatively easy to learn the movements a musician must execute，and particularly vigorous emotions. If these factors are all organized around music，the child may become a musician. The same factors，in other circumstance might be organized about some other center of interest. The rich emotional equipment might find expression in poetry. The capable fingers might develop skill in surgery. It is not the knowledge of music that is inherited，then nor even the love of it，but a certain bodily structure that makes it comparatively easy to acquire musical knowledge and skill. Whether that ability shall be directed toward music or some other undertaking may be decided entirely by forces in the environment in which a child grows up.

1. Which of the following statements is not true？

A. Some mothers try to influence their unborn children by studying art and other subjects during their pregnancy.

B. It is utterly impossible for us to learn anything about prenatal development.

C. The blood vessels of mother and child do not join directly.

D. There are no connection between mother's nervous systems and her unborn child's.

2. A mother will affect her unborn baby on the condition that ____.

A. she is emotionally shocked

B. she has a good knowledge of inheritance

C. she takes part in all kind of activities

D. she sticks to studying

3. According to the passage，a child may inherit____.

A. everything from his mother

B. a knowledge of mathematics

C. a rather general ability that we call intelligence

D. her mother's musical ability

4. If a child inherits something from his mother，such as an especially sensitive ear，a peculiar structure of the hands or of the vocal organs，he will ____.

A. surely become musician

B. mostly become a poet

C. possibly become a teacher

D. become a musician on the condition that all these factors are organized around music

5. Which of the following is the best title for the passage？

A. Role of Inheritance.

B. An Unborn Child.

C. Function of instincts.

D. Inherited T alents.

答案：ＢＡＣＤＡ

考博英语辅导：考博英语阅读理解习题（2）

Most of us are taught to pay attention to what is said—the words. Words do provide us with some information，but meanings are derived from so many other sources that it would hinder our effectiveness as a partner to a relationship to rely too heavily on words alone. Words are used to describe only a small part of the many ideas we associate with any given message. Sometimes we can gain insight into some of those associations if we listen for more than words.

We don…t always say what we mean or mean what we say. Sometimes our words don?t mean anything except “ I…m letting off some steam. I don?t really want you to pay close attention to what I…m saying. Just pay attention to what I?m feeling.”Mostly we mean several things at once. A person wanting to purchase a house says to the current owner，“This step has to be fixed before I…ll buy.” The owner says，“ It?s been like that for years.” Actually，the step hasn…t been like that for years，but the unspoken message is：“ I don?t want to fix it. We put up with it. Why can…t you？” The search for a more expansive view of meaning can be developed of examining a message in terms of who said it，when it occurred，the related conditions or situation，and how it was said.

When a message occurs can also reveal associated meaning. Let us assume two couples do exactly the same amount of kissing and arguing. But one couple always kisses after an argument and the other couple always argues after a kiss. The ordering of the behaviors may mean a great deal more than the frequency of the behavior. A friend…s unusually docile behavior may only be understood by noting that it was preceded by situations that required an abnormal amount of assertiveness. Some responses may be directly linked to a developing pattern of responses and defy logic. For example，a person who says “No！” to a serials of charges like “You?re dumb，”“You…re lazy，” and “You?re dishonest，” may also say “No！” and try to justify his or her response if the next statement is “And you…re good looking.”

We would do well to listen for how messages are presented. The words,“If sure has been nice to have you over,”can be said with emphasis and excitement or ritualistically. The phrase can be said once or repeated several times. And the meanings we associate with the phrase will change accordingly. Sometimes if

we say something infrequently it assumes more importance; sometimes the more we say something the less importance it assumes.

1.Effective communication is rendered possible between two conversing partners，if ___.

A.they use proper words to carry their ideas.

B.they both speak truly of their own feelings.

C.they try to understand each other…s ideas beyond words.

D.they are capable of associating meaning with their words.

2.“I…m letting off some steam” in paragraph 1 means___.

A.I'm just calling your attention.

B.I'm just kidding.

C.I'm just saying the opposite.

D.I'm just giving off some sound.

3.The house-owner…s example shows that he actually means___.

A.the step has been like that for years.

B.he doesn…t think it necessary to fix the step.

C.the condition of the step is only a minor fault.

D.the cost involved in the fixing should be shared.

4.Some responses and behaviors may appear very illogical，but are justifiable if___.

A.linked to an abnormal amount of assertiveness.

B.seen as one…s habitual pattern of behavior.

C.taken as part of an ordering sequence.

D.expressed to a series of charges.

5.The word “ritualistically” in the last paragraph equals something done___.

A.without true intention.

B.light-heartedly.

C.in a way of ceremony.

D.with less emphasis.

答案：DBABC

考博英语辅导：考博英语阅读理解习题（3）

Let children learn to judge their own work. A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time；if corrected too much，he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the languages he uses and the language those around him use. Bit by bit，he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people. In the same way，when children learn to do all the other things they learn to do without being taught-to walk，run，climb，whistle，ride a bicycle-compare those performances with those of more skilled people，and slowly make the needed changes. But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his own mistakes for himself，let alone correct them. We do it all for him. We act as if we thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him，or correct it unless he was made to. Soon he becomes dependent on the teacher. Let him do it himself. Let him work out，with the help of other children if he wants it，what this word says，what answer is to that problem，whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or not.

If it is a matter of right answers，as it may be in mathematics or science，give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why should we teachers waste time on such routine work？Our job should be to help the child when he tells us that he can't find the way to get the right answer. Let's end this nonsense of grades，exams，marks，Let us throw them all out，and let the children learn what all educated persons must some day learn，how to measure their own understanding，how to know what they know or do not know.

Let them get on with this job in the way that seems sensible to them. With our help as school teachers if they ask for it. The idea that there is a body of knowledge to be learnt at school and used for the rest of one's life is nonsense in a world as complicated and rapidly changing as ours. Anxious parents and teachers say，“But suppose they fail to learn something essential they will need to get in the world？” Don't worry！If it is essential，they will go out into the world and learn it.

1.What does the author think is the best way for children to learn things？

A.by copying what other people do.

B.by making mistakes and having them corrected.

C.by listening to explanations from skilled people.

D.by asking a great many questions.

2.What does the author think teachers do which they should not do？

A.They give children correct answers.

B.They point out children's mistakes to them.

C.They allow children to mark their own work.

D.They encourage children to mark to copy from one another.

3.The passage suggests that learning to speak and learning to ride a bicycle are___.

A.not really important skills.

B.more important than other skills.

C.basically different from learning adult skills.

D.basically the same as learning other skills.

4.Exams，grades，and marks should be abolished because children's progress should only be estimated by___.

https://www.docsj.com/doc/8e6828380.html,cated persons.

B.the children themselves.

C.teachers.

D.parents.

5.The author fears that children will grow up into adults while being___.

A.too independent of others.

B.too critical of themselves.

C.incapable to think for themselves.

D.incapable to use basic skills.

答案：ＡＢＤＢＣ

考博英语(阅读理解)-试卷80.doc

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