中考英语复习专题十九任务型阅读第4讲五选五阅读表达

专题十九 任务型阅读

第4讲（上）海淀一模五选五

1. 掌握本篇五选五中出现的高频词及长难句。

2. 掌握五选五的解题技巧, 并能够指出本篇五选五中运用到的解题技巧。

3. 通过五选五高频词、长难句等语料的积累, 及五选五解题技巧的练习, 灵活应对各种五选五习题。

知识篇

“巧妇难为无米之炊”, 在英语学习的过程中, 语料的积累至关重要。对于五选五高频词和长难句的梳理, 能够为我们今后的学习和提升打下良好的基础。

亲爱的同学, 老师已经为你梳理出了本篇文章中的一些高频词和长难句, 快来看看你掌握了吗？ 高频词（课前检测学生的词汇量储备, 以教师提问的形式进行。能够准确翻译的为优, 模糊翻译的良, 不会翻译的为差。）

五选五

名师点拨

知识篇方法篇

语篇精讲

浏览选项通读文章逐题分析精讲笔记

能力提升

基础篇提高篇

教学目标

名师点拨

长难句（课前检测学生的句型储备, 以教师提问的形式进行。能够准确翻译的为优, 模糊翻译的良, 不会翻译的为差。）

1. They think about what will happen next.

（优良差）

_________________________________________________________________________________________________ 句意：他们考虑接下来会发生什么？

本句中包含着由what引导的宾语从句作about的宾语。

2. If one runs out of time, he or she will lose.（优良差）

_________________________________________________________________________________________________ 句意：如果一个人用完了时间，他/她就输了。

本句是一个由if引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，即“主将从现”，这也是中考常考的语法点之一。

方法篇

“方法得当, 事半功倍。”只有语料的积累, 没有好方法的辅助也是不够的。对于五选五解题方法的梳理, 能够帮助我们更好地理解五选五的命题逻辑, 在有足够语料积累的基础上, 能够帮助我们争取高分。

亲爱的同学, 老师已经为你精心整理了五选五的解题技巧, 快来看看你掌握了多少？

一、五选五解题步骤

第一步读选项，画关键词，暗排序通读选项，了解每个选项的意思，做到心中有数，至少能知道可供

选择的意思范围，以便在短时间内找出正确答案。

第二步读文章，抓过渡词，找逻辑通读文章，关注段中各句子之间的逻辑关系，抓住表示并列、转折、

因果关系及其他关系的过渡词，为下一步解题做准备。

第三步先易后难来解题先填较容易的空，例如文章的段首句、段尾句或与选项有明显逻辑

关系的句子；再填较难的空，这时选择范围会变小，可以反复对比

分析，进行选择。

第四步回读文章定答案全部题目做完后，把所选择的选项代入原文，检查文章前后是否连

贯，所选选项是否和文章的主旨大意相吻合，再次确定答案。

二、五选五解题技巧

在五选五题型中，设空位置一般为三种：段首、段尾和段中。正确选项与空格前后句子关系紧密，主要依赖句子之间的逻辑关系进行选择。接下来将从并列逻辑、转折逻辑、指代逻辑、因果逻辑和总分逻辑五方面进行说明。

题型题型一：并列逻辑

解题技巧如果空格所在段落要求补全说明本段主题的其他细节，通常选项中会出现表示并列或递进关系的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出现同义词等其他线索。

典题精析例题：Make good word choices.When we’re not sure which word is the right one for a sentence, look it up in a dictionary. Many of us choose words in a hurry and don’t take the time to decide if they’re proper. 2 .

解析：本题考察的是并列逻辑。空格出现在第二段的段末，是用来对第二段的黑体小标题进行解释的，浏览选项可知E选项中的关键词good word choices与小标题一致，故选E，意为“好的词汇选择对

例题：Mr. Longman and Mr. Martin were both badly ill1 . Mr. Longman was able to sit up in his bed for an hour each afternoon.

解析：本题考察的是因果逻辑。根据空格前句子可知“Mr. Longman和Mr. Martin都病的很严重”，这是事件的原因，那么空格处应该填的是事件的结果，浏览选项可知应填C，意为“他们住在相同的病房里”，即可推断出正确答案。

答案：C “They were in the same hospital room”.

us later in life. 1 .

解析：本题考察的是总分逻辑。浏览全文可以发现本文是一篇“总-分”类型的文章，主要介绍的是一些关于写作的小窍门，而第二段起的一些黑体字则是tips的具体内容，所以第一段空格处应填的是一句总述句，故选B，意为“下面的小窍门可能会有帮助”。

答案：B “The following tips can be helpful.”

语篇精讲

浏览选项

（抓住选项中的关键词，以便有目的性的通读文章）

题号选项

A Good chess players use their brains

B By 2006, a cell phone could beat the best players in the world

C In blitz chess, each player gets ten minutes for the whole game

D People have been playing chess for over 500 years

E The game ends when a player loses his or her king

通读文章

话题体裁字数建议用时实际用时正确率星级

日常生活类记叙文232 5-7分钟__/5 ★★★

Chess has been around for a long time. 1 . Chess is handed on an even

older game from India. The chess we play today is from Europe.

Chess is a two-player game. One player uses the white pieces, the other

uses the black pieces. Each piece moves in a special way. Each player has

a piece called the king.

2 . There are a few more rules, but these are the basics.

Some people think that chess is more than a game. They think that it makes the mind stronger. 3 .They think about what will happen next.These skills are useful in life and in chess. Chess is kind of like exercise for the mind.

There is a kind of chess with short time limits called blitz chess. 4 .

The clock runs during each turn. If one runs out of time, he or she will lose. Games of blitz chess are fast-paced.

Chess is not just for people. Computers have been playing chess since the 1970s. At first they did not play well. They made mistakes. As time went on, they grew stronger. In 1997, a computer defeat the best player in the world for the first time. It was a computer called Deep Blue. Deep Blue was big. It took up a whole room. 5 . Chess sure has c ome a long way. Don’t you think so?

逐题分析

语篇解读：本篇文章是一篇日常生活类的记叙文，主要针对国际象棋的发展历史，玩法及发展现状展开了介绍。

1. 解析：本题考察的是并列逻辑。空格前句意为“国际象棋已经有很长一段时间的历史了。”，那么空格处应该是对历史时间的具体描述，浏览选项可知应该选D，意为“人们已经玩国际象棋超过500年了”。

答案：D

2. 解析：本题考察的是并列逻辑。空格前句意为“每个玩家都有一个叫做‘王’的棋子”，那么空格后句应该是与此相关的，浏览选项可知应该选E，意为“当一个玩家丢掉了他的/她的‘王’，那么游戏结束了”。

答案：E

3. 解析：本题考察的是并列逻辑。空格后句意为“他们要思考接下来会发生什么”，那么一定是用大脑思考，空格处应该与此相关，浏览选项可知应选A，意为“好的国际象棋玩家用他们的大脑”。

答案：A

4. 解析：本题考察的是并列逻辑。空格前出现了blitz chess这种国际象棋的类型，那么空格后一定是对这种类型的国际象棋进行详细描述，浏览选项可知应该选C，意为“在快棋赛中，每个玩家有十分钟时间去进行整个游戏”。

答案：C

5. 解析：本题考察的是并列逻辑。空格处于最后一段段中，根据段首句Chess is not just for people.“国际象棋不只是为人们准备的”及段中句In 1997, a computer defeat the best player in the world for the first time.“在1997年，电脑第一次打败了当时世界上最棒的玩家”，本句主要讲的是科技与人类在国际象棋方面的较量，浏览选项可知应该选B，意为“到2006为止，手机能够打败当时世界上最好的玩家”。

答案：B

精讲笔记

（学生在教师的指导下, 回顾本讲中积累的五选五的知识和方法）

总分逻辑

能力提升

基础过关

一、词汇/短语英汉互译★

强壮的

二、句子英汉互译★★

1. 我不会占用你很多时间。

____________________________________________________________________________________.

2. 如果电话铃响了，我就去接。

____________________________________________________________________________________.

3. They think about what will happen next.

____________________________________________________________________________________.

4. If one runs out of time, he or she will lose.

____________________________________________________________________________________.

5. None of the couple is American, one’s score is 65, the other one is 63.

____________________________________________________________________________________. 阅读练习

话题体裁字数建议用时实际用时正确率星级

人物传记/故事类记叙文189 5-7分钟__/5 ★★★

The Same But Different

Maggie and Sarah are twin sisters. They were born just a few minutes apart,

and they look exactly alike. They both have blonde hair and green eyes. 1 .

Sometimes other students at school have a hard time telling them apart.

Maggie and Sarah like going to the same school. This is because they are

not just twin sisters, but best friends too. They have a lot in common. 2 .

Both girls spend a lot of time together with their family, and they both like

to play with their dog, Callie.

3 .Maggie likes to pla y sports. She is on a soccer team and a basketball team. Sarah doesn’t really like sports. She likes to dance.

There are other differences between them too. 4 .M aggie likes to read mystery books, but Sarah likes to read books about animals. Maggie gets better grades in reading and Spanish, but Sarah gets better grades in math and science.

Everyone is different in her or his own way. Maggie and Sarah like being different from each other as much as they like being similar. 5 .

A. That is what makes them special

B. They are around the same height as well

C. But Maggie and Sarah are also very different

D. Maggie likes the color red, but Sarah likes the color green

E. Both girls enjoy a lot of the same television shows, books, and food

参考答案

基础过关

一、词汇/短语英汉互译

单词/短语词性词义

one…the other…（两者间）一个…另一个…

special adj. 特殊的

rule n. 规则，规定

basic n. 基本原则

strong adj. 强壮的

happen v. 发生

limit n. 限制

mistake n. 错误

defeat v. 击败，战胜

take up 占用

二、句子英汉互译。

1. I won’t take up much of your time.

2. If the telephone rings, I will answer it.

3. 他们考虑接下来会发生什么？

4. 如果一个人用完了时间，他/她就输了。

5. 夫妻俩没有一个是美国人，一个是加拿大人，另一个来自澳大利亚。

阅读练习

1. B

2. E

3. C

4. D

5. A

第4讲（下）海淀一模阅读表达

1. 掌握本篇阅读表达中出现的高频词及长难句。

2. 掌握阅读表达的解题技巧, 并能够指出本篇阅读表达中运用到的解题技巧。

3. 通过阅读表达高频词、长难句等语料的积累, 及阅读表达解题技巧的练习, 灵活应对各种阅读表达习题。

知识篇

“巧妇难为无米之炊”, 在英语学习的过程中, 语料的积累至关重要。对于阅读表达高频词和长难句的梳理, 能够为我们今后的学习和提升打下良好的基础。

亲爱的同学, 老师已经为你梳理出了本篇文章中的一些高频词和长难句, 快来看看你掌握了吗？

高频词（课前检测学生的词汇量储备, 以教师提问的形式进行。能够准确翻译的为优, 模糊翻译的良, 不会翻译的为差。）

阅读表达

名师点拨

知识篇方法篇

语篇精讲

浏览问题通篇寻读逐题分析精讲笔记

能力提升

基础篇提高篇

教学目标

名师点拨

return v. 返回

include v. 包括

gradually adv. 逐步地，渐渐地

require v. 需要，要求

popular adj. 流行的

instruction n. 指示

eager adj. 渴望的

challenging adj. 有挑战性的n. challenge 挑

战

长难句（课前检测学生的句型储备, 以教师提问的形式进行。能够准确翻译的为优, 模糊翻译的良, 不会翻译的为差。）

1. Some only jump once, while others go on to experience lifelong adventures, flying and turning over through the air.（优良差）

_______________________________

__________________________________________________________________

句意：一些人只跳一次，而其他人继续体验终身的冒险，穿过空气飞行和翻动。

本句中包含了some…others句型，意为“一些…，另一些…”，本句型可以用在写作之中。

2. If you are eager to try something challenging and would love to feel the freedom of flying, skydiving might be an adventure for you.（优良差）

_________________________________________________________________________________________________ 句意：如果你渴望尝试一些有挑战性的东西而且喜欢感受飞翔的自由，那么跳伞运动对你来说可能是一项冒险。本句是由if引导的条件状语从句。

方法篇

“方法得当, 事半功倍。”只有语料的积累, 没有好方法的辅助也是不够的。对于阅读表达解题方法的梳理, 能够帮助我们更好地理解阅读表达的命题逻辑, 在有足够语料积累的基础上, 能够帮助我们争取高分。

亲爱的同学, 老师已经为你精心整理了阅读表达的解题技巧, 快来看看你掌握了多少？

一、阅读表达解题步骤

第一步认真审题，读懂题意做题时我们应先阅读所给的任务，明确任务是什么，再带着任务去

阅读材料，这样就能做到心中有数，有针对性的去读，并能提高阅

读效率。

第二步快速浏览，掌握大意明确任务后，应迅速阅读全文来了解文章主要内容，以及文章的感

情基调，作者的意图、态度倾向。

第三步细读题目，完成任务泛读全文之后，就可以采用“跳读”的方式来寻找细节在原文中的

对应，“跳读”的目的就是为细节寻找答案。

第四步复读文章，核实任务完成所有任务后，还应结合题目再把全文通读一遍，认真核实答案，

要注意句子的人称、单复数、时态、语态、词性、主谓一致等。

二、阅读表达解题技巧

在阅读表达题型中，要求学生在阅读理解的基础上，去完成一项任务或解决一个问题，主要考察学生捕捉信息的能力，综合概括信息的能力和组织信息的能力。接下来将从细节题，是非题，主旨题和活用题四种题型的解题技巧进行讲解。

I think it’s only fair that teenagers help out a bit at home. They might not like it, but it’s good for them. It teaches them how to look after themselves. This is really useful when __________.（北京朝阳期末）

问题：What can be filled in the blank（空白）at the end of lette r B?

解析：本题为活用题。题干意为“在letter B结尾的空白处能够填什么？”，这类题的答案比较灵活，不是唯一的，只要和文章的主旨一致就可以。本段主要说的是孩子们在家里做一些家务能够帮助她们学会照顾自己，当_____, 这一点是有用的。那么一定是孩子离开家，独自生活的时候，答案与此主题一致即可。

答案：they leave home to go to college/ live on their own ……

语篇精讲

浏览问题

（抓住选项中的关键词，以便有目的性的通读文章）

题号选项

1 Do thousands of people try skydiving each year?

2 How many choices are there for the beginners?

3 Why is tandem the most popular?

4 How do the coaches give instructions in the air?

5 What is the passage mainly about?

通读寻读

话题体裁字数建议用时实际用时正确率星级

日常生活类说明文288 6-8分钟__/5 ★★★

Ready, Set, Jump!

For skydivers, the sky isn’t the limit. It’s just the beginning.

Thousands of people try skydiving each year.Some only jump once, while

others go on to experience lifelong adventures, flying and turning over

through the air.

Skydiving is a method of leaving an airplane and returning to the

earth with the help of gravity, then slowing down by using a parachute

(降落伞). It may include more or less free-fall, a time during which

the parachute has not been used and the body gradually accelerates (加

速) to the highest speed.

There are three choices for the beginners. However, before you try skydiving, a ground course on safety is required. The first method is accelerated free-fall. You jump out of the plane while being held by two coaches, one on either side. They hold onto you until you open your parachute. The second method is called static l ine. After jumping out, you will experience free-fall for a second or two. Then the weight of your body will pull the line tight, opening the parachute.

Tandem (串联) is the most popular because it is the easiest. You and the coach are tied together, the coach behind, with you in front. You jump out of the plane together, and the coach takes care of opening the parachute.

For each of these three methods, the coaches give instructions in the air with hand signals (信号) or a radio. If you are eager to try something challenging and would love to feel the freedom of flying, skydiving might be an adventure for you. Who knows? With risk and excitement mixed together, skydiving might just change your life.

1. Do thousands of people try skydiving each year?

________________________________________________________________________________________________.

2. How many choices are there for the beginners?

________________________________________________________________________________________________.

3. Why is tandem the most popular?

________________________________________________________________________________________________.

4. How do the coaches give instructions in the air?

________________________________________________________________________________________________.

5. What is the passage mainly about?

________________________________________________________________________________________________.

逐题分析

语篇解读：本篇文章是一篇日常生活类的说明文，主要介绍了跳伞运动是什么和初学者跳伞的方式。

1. 解析：本题为细节题。题干意为“每年有成千上万的人尝试跳伞运动吗？”，根据题干锁定文章第一段关键句Thousands of people try skydiving each year.，即可推断出正确答案为Yes。

答案：Yes.

2. 解析：本题为细节题。题干意为“对于初学者来说有多少种选择？”，根据题干锁定文章第三段第一句话There are three choices for the beginners.“对于初学者来说有三种选择。”，即可推断出正确答案为3 / There。答案：3 / There.

3. 解析：本题为细节题。题干意为“为什么串联是最受欢迎的？”，根据题干锁定文章第四段关键句Tandem (串联) is the most popular because it is the easiest.“串联是最受欢迎的因为它是最简单的”，即可推断出正确答案为Because it is the easiest。

答案：Because it is the easiest.

4. 解析：本题为细节题。题干意为“在天空中教练怎样给指示教导？”，根据题干锁定文章最后一段关键句the coaches give instructions in the air with hand signals (信号) or a radio.“在天空中教练用手势信号或无线电来给出指导”，即可推断出正确答案“with hand signals or a radio”。

答案：With hand signals or a radio.

5. 解析：本题为主旨题。题干意为“文章主要讲的是什么？”，本题需要浏览全文作答，可以根据“方法篇”中提到的主旨题的解题技巧进行回答。首先，文章主要介绍了skydiving这种运动是什么，我们可以利用句型“What…is”进行回答，即“What skydiving is.”；其次，文章介绍了初学者是怎样跳伞的，可以利用句型“how…”，即“How beginners skydive”，综合两点即可得出正确答案“What skydiving is and how beginners skydive.”。答案：What skydiving is and how beginne rs skydive.

精讲笔记

（学生在教师的指导下, 回顾本讲中积累的阅读表达的知识和方法）

能力提升

基础过关

一、词汇/短语英汉互译★

二、句子英汉互译★★

1. 在周末，有些人会待在家里，也有些人宁愿出去。

_____________________________________________.

2. 如果雪停了，我们就可以出去。

______________________________________________.

3. Some only jump once, while others go on to experience lifelong adventures, flying and turning over through the air.

______________________________________________.

4. If you are eager to try something challenging and would love to feel the freedom of flying, skydiving

might be an adventure for you.

______________________________________________.

5. If you want to lose weight you must/ should eat less bread.

______________________________________________.

阅读练习

Do you worry about your health? Have you tried to run or walk for exercise and then quit? If you answer yes, you should try a new type of exercise: aquatic exercise. Aquatic exercise is a kind of exercise you do in a swimming pool. For example, you can run, walk, or even do a mind-body practice, such as yoga.

More and more people are trying aquatic exercise. In the United States, the number has grown by 25% in recent years. People in other countries are also doing aquatic exercise more frequently.

Aquatic exercise has many benefits. First of all, it feels easier than exercising on land. Why? You weigh about 90% less in the pool. It is also better for your knees than running or walking.

Aquatic exercise feels easy, but you still burn calories（卡）. Water is 1,000 times thicker and heavier than air. In the same amount of time, you can burn more calories in the pool than in the gym. That’s because it takes more energy to move in the water.

But what if you are scared of the water? No problem! There is nothing to worry about. Aquatic exercise is safe and easy to learn. It doesn’t require any special skills. For most kinds of aquatic exercise, you don’t even need to know how to swim.

In fact, most people say they feel more relaxed in the water. They stop thinking about the things that make them anxious. The cool and quiet environment makes them exercise more.

Aquatic exercise is suitable for everyone. You can do it at any age. It can even help people who have been hurt in accidents. With aqua tic exercise, they can move in ways they can’t on land. For example, some people who can’t walk can walk and even run in the water.

So are you looking for a fun new way to improve your health? Why not try? Join the millions of people who are burning calories while keeping cool in the pool.

1. Where do people do aquatic exercise?

________________________________________________________________________________________________.

2. Why do people burn more calories while doing aquatic exercise?

________________________________________________________________________________________________.

3. Is it difficult to learn aquatic exercise?

______________________________________________________________

__________________________________.

4. Who is aquatic exercise suitable for?

________________________________________________________________________________________________.

5. What is the passage mainly about?

________________________________________________________________________________________________.

参考答案

基础过关

一、词汇/短语英汉互译

二、句子英汉互译。

1. At weekends, some people usually stay at home, whi le others would go out.

2. If it stops snowing, we can go out.

3. 一些人只跳一次，而其他人继续体验终身的冒险，穿过空气飞行和翻动。

4. 如果你渴望尝试一些有挑战性的东西而且喜欢感受飞翔的自由，那么跳伞运动对你来说可能是一项冒险。

5. 如果你想减肥，你必须少吃面包。

阅读练习

1. In a swimming pool.

2. Because it takes more energy to move in the water.

3. No.

4. Everyone.

5. What aquatic exercise is and its benefits.

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