英美文学试题(网络资源)

PART ONE

I. Multiple Choice

1. Romance, which uses narrative verse or prose to tell stories of

adventures or other heroic deeds, is a popular literary form in the medieval period.

A. Christian

B. Knightly

C. Greek

D. Primitive

Answer: B

2. Among the great Middle English poets, Geoffrey Chaucer is known for his production of

A. Piers Plowman

B. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight

C. ConfessioAmantis

D. The Canterbury Tales

Answer: D

3. Which of the following historical events does not directly help to stimulate the rising of the Renaissance Movement?

A. The rediscovery of ancient Greek and Roman culture.

B. The new discoveries in geography and astrology.

C. The Glorious revolution.

D. The religious reformation and the economic expansion.

Answer: C

4. Which of the following statements best illustrates the theme of Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18?

A. The speaker eulogizes the power of Nature.

B. The speaker satirizes human vanity.

C. The speaker praises the power of artistic creation.

D. The speaker me ditates on man’s salvation.

Answer: C

5. "And we will sit upon the rocks, /Seeing the shepherds feed their flocks, /By shallow rivers to whose falls/ Melodious birds sing madrigals." The above lines are probably taken from

A. Spenser’s The Faerie Queene

B. John Donne’s "The Sun Rising"

C. Shakespeare’s "Sonnet 18"

D. Marlowe’s "The Passionate Shepherd to His Love"

Answer: D

6. "Bassanio: Antonio, I am married to a wife

Which is as dear to me as life itself;

But life itself, my wife, and all the world,

Ar e not with me esteem’d above thy life;

I would lose all, ay, sacrifice them all,

Here to the devil, to deliver you.

Portia: Your wife would give you little thanks for that,

If she were by to hear you make the offer."

The above is a quotation taken from Sha kespeare’s comedy The Merchant of Venice. The quoted part can be regarded as a good example to illustrate

A. dramatic irony

B. personification

C. allegory

D. symbolism

Answer: A

7. The true subject of John Donne’s poem, "The Sun Rising," is to

A. attack the sun as unruly servant

B. give compliments to the mistress and her power of beauty

C. criticize the sun’s intrusion into the lover’s private life

D. lecture the sun on where true royalty and riches lie

Answer: B

8. Of all the 18th century novelists Henry Fielding was the first to set out, both in theory and practice, to write specifically a " in prose," the first to give the modern novel its structure and style.

A. tragic epic

B. comic epic

C. romance

D. lyric epic

Answer: B

9. The Houyhnhnms depicte d by Jonathan Swift in Gulliver’s travels are

A. horses that are endowed with reason

B. pigmies that are endowed with admirable qualities

C. giants that are superior in wisdom

D. hairy, wild, low and despicable creatures, who resemble human beings not only in appearance but also in some other ways

Answer: D

10. Here are four lines from a literary work: "Others for language all their care express,/And value books, and women men, for dress." The work is

A. Thomas Gray’s "Elegy Written in a Country Churchya rd"

B. John Milton’s Paradise Lost

C. Alexander Pope’s Essay on Criticism

D. Shakespeare’s Midsummer Night’s Dream

Answer: C

11. The phrase "to urge people to abide by Christian doctrines and to seek salvation through constant struggles with their own weaknesses and all kinds of social evils" may well sum up the implied meaning of

A. Gulliver’s Travels

B. The Rape of the Lock

C. Robinson Crusoe

D. The Pilgrim’s Progress

Answer: D

12. William Wordsworth, a romantic poet, advocated all the following EXCEPT

A. the use of everyday language spoken by the common people

B. the expression of the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings

C. the use of humble and rustic life as subject matter

D. the use of elegant wording and inflated figures of speech

Answer: D

13. Which of the following is taken from John Keats’ "Ode on a Grecian Urn"?

A. "I fall upon the thorns of life! I bleed!"

B. "They are both gone up to the church to pray."

C. "Earth has not anything to show more fair."

D. "Beauty is truth, truth beauty."

Answer: D

14. "If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?" is an epigrammatic line by

A. J. Keats

B. W. Blake

C. W. Wordsworth

D. P. B. Shelley

Answer: D

15. "Ode on a Grecian Urn" shows the contrast between the of art and the of human passion.

A. glory...ugliness

B. permanence... transience

C. transience ... sordidness

D. glory ... permanence

Answer: B

16. In the statement "-oh, God! Would you like to live with your soul in the grave?" the term "soul" apparently refers to

A. Heathcliff himself

B. Catherine

C. one’s spiritual life

D. one’s ghost

Answer: D

17. The typical feature of Robert Browning’s poetry is the

A. bitter satire

B. larger-than-life caricature

C. Latinized diction

D. dramatic monologue

Answer: D

18. The Victorian Age was largely and age of , eminently represented by Dickens and Thackeray.

A. poetry

B. drama

C. prose

D. epic prose

Answer: D

19. is the first important governess novel in the English literary history.

A. Jane Eyre

B. Emma

C. Wuthering Heights

D. Middlemarch

Answer: A

20. The major concern of fiction lies in the tracing of the psychological development of his characters and in his energetic criticism of the dehumanizing effect of the capitalist industrialization on human nature.

A. D. H. Lawrence’s

B. J. Galsworthy’s

C. W. Thackeray’s

D. T. Hardy’s

Answer: A

21. is considered to be the best-known English dramatist since Shakespeare, and his representative works are plays inspired by social criticism.

A. Richard Sheridan

B. Oliver Goldsmith

C. Oscar Wilde

D. Bernard Shaw

Answer: D

22. Which of the following is NOT a typical feature of Modernism?

A. To elevate the individual and inner being over the social being.

B. To put the stress on traditional values.

C. To portray the distorted and alienated relationships between

man and his environment.

D. To advocate a conscious break with the past.

Answer: B

23. The Romantic writers would focus on all the following issues EXCEPT the in the American literary history.

A. individual feelings

B. idea of survival of the fittest

C. strong imagination

D. return to nature

Answer: B

24. Henry David Thoreau’s work, has always been regarded as a

masterpiece of New England Transcendentalism.

A. Walden

B. The Pioneers

C. Nature

D. Song of Myself

Answer: A

25. The famous 20-year sleep in "Rip Van Winkle" helps to construct

the story in such a way that we are greatly affected by Irving’s

A. concern with the passage of time

B. expression of transient beauty

C. satire on laziness and corruptibility of human beings

D. idea about supernatural m anipulation of man’s life

Answer: D

26. Walt Whitman was a pioneering figure of American poetry. His innovation first of all lies in his use of , poetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme.

A. bland verse

B. heroic couplet

C. free verse

D. iambic pentameter

Answer: C

27. The literary characters of the American type in early 19th century are generally characterized by all the following features EXCEPT that they

A. speak local dialects

B. are polite and elegant gentlemen

C. are simple and crude farmers

D. are noble savages(red and white) untainted by society

Answer: B

28. HsterPryme, Dimmesdale, Cillingworth, and Pearl are most likely the names of the characters in

A. The Scarlet Letter

B.The House of the Seven Gablest

C.The portrait of a Lady

D. The Pioneers

Answer: A

29. "This is my letter to the World" is a poetic expression of Emily Dickinson’s about her communication with the outside world.

A. indifference

B. anger

C. anxiety

D. sorrow

Answer: C

30. With Howells, James, and Mark Twain active on the literary scene,

became the major trend in American literature in the seventies and eighties of the 19th century.

A. Sentimentalism

B. romanticism

C. realism

D. naturalism

Answer: C

31. After The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Twain gives a literary i ndependence to Tom’s buddy Huck in a book entitled

A. Life on the Mississippi

B. The Gilded Age

C.The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn

D. A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court

Answer: C

32. However, the keynote of Daisy Miller’s character, turns out to be an admiring but a dangerous quality and her defiance of social taboos in the Old World finally brings her to a disaster in the clash between two different cultures.

A. experience

B. sophistication

C. worldliness

D. innocence

Answer: D

33. Generally speaking, all those writers with a naturalistic approach to human reality tend to be

A. transcendentalists

B. idealists

C. pessimists

D. impressionists

Answer: C

34. Emily Dickinson wrote many short poems on various aspects of life. Which of the following is NOT a usual

subject of her poetic expression?

A. Religion and immortality

B. Life and death

C. Love and marriage

D. War and peace

Answer: D

35. In "After Apple- Picking," Robert Frost wrote: "For I have had too much / Of apple -picking: I am overtired/ Of the great harvest I myself desired." From these lines we can conclude that the speaker is

A. happy about the harvest

B. still very much interested in apple-picking

C. expecting a greater harvest

D. indifferent to what he once desired

Answer: D

36. Chinese poetry and philosophy have exerted great influence over

A. Ezra Pound

B. Ralph Waldo Emerson

C. Robert Frost

D. Emily Dickinson

Answer: A

37. The Hemingway Code heroes are best remembered for their

A. indestructible spirit

B. pessimistic view of life

C. war experiences

D. masculinity

Answer: A

38. In The Emperor Jones and The Hairy Ape, O’Neill adopted the expressionist techniques to portray the of human beings in a hostile universe.

A. helpless situation

B. uncertainty

C. profound religious faith

D. courage and perseverance

Answer: A

39. In Hemingway’s "Indian Camp", Nick’s night trip to the Indian village and his experience inside the hut can be taken as

A. an essential lesson about Indian tribes

B. a confrontation with evil and sin

C. an initiation to the harshness of life

D. a learning process in human relationship

40. Which of the following statements about Emily Grierson, the protagonist in Faulkner’s story " A Rose for Emily," is NOT true?

A. She has a distorted personality.

B. She is physically deformed and paralyzed.

C. She is the symbol of the old values of the South.

D. She is the victim of the past glory.

Answer: B

PART TWO

ⅡReading Comprehension

41. "Her eyes met his and he looked away. He neither believed nor disbelieved her, but he knew that he had made a mistake in asking; he never had known, never know, what she was thinking. The sight of her inscrutable face, the thought of all the hundreds of evenings he had seen her sitting there like that, soft and passive, but so unreadable, unknown, enraged him beyond measure."

Questions:

A. Identify the writer and the work.

B. What does the phrase "inscrutable face" mean?

C. What idea does the quoted passage express?

Answers:

A. John Galsworthy "The man of property"

B. It means that in his eyes, she is mysterious and cannot be understood by him.

C. It expresses that Soames doesn’t understand his wife, Irene, and the predominant possessive instinct of the Forsytes and its effects upon the personal relationship of the family with the underlying assumption that human relationship of the contemporary English society are merely and extension of property relationship.

42. "And when I am formulated, sprawling on a pin,

When I am pinned and wriggling on the wall,

Then how should I begin

To spit out all the butt-ends of my days and ways."

Questions:

A. Identify the poem and the poet.

B. What does the phrase "butt-ends" mean?

C. What idea does the quoted passage express?

Answers:

A. T. S. Eliot "The love song of J. Alfred Prufrock"

B. It means the speaker’s unsatisfied desires.

C. It expresses the speaker’s incapability of facing up to love and to life in a sterile upper-class world.

43. "God knows, ... I’m not myself-I’m somebody else-- ... and I’m changed, and I can’t tell what’s my name, or who I am."

A. Identify the work and author.

B. The speaker says he is changed. Do you think he is changed, or the social environment has changed?

C. What idea does the quoted sentence express?

Answers:

A. Washington Irving " Rip van winkle"

B. The social environment has changed.

C. It expresses the background of the inevitably changing America.

44. "I shall be telling this with a sigh

Somewhere ages and ages hence:

Two roads diverged in a wood, and I---

I took the one less traveled by,

And that has made all the difference."

Questions:

A. Identify the poem and the poet.

B. What does the phrase "ages and ages hence" mean?

C. What idea does the quoted passage express?

Answers:

A. Robert Lee Frost "The Road Not Taken"

B. It means a long time later from now.

C. It expresses that man is learning form nature the zones of his own limitations.

Ⅲ. Questions and Answers

45. As a rule, an allegory is a story in verse or prose with a double meaning: a surface meaning, and an implied meaning. List two works and examples of allegory. What is an allegory usually concerned with by its implied meaning?

Answer:

John Bunyan’s "The pilgrim progress"

John Milton’s "Paradise Lost"

It is concerned with something spiritual and the relevance to the time.

46. Inspiration for the romantic approach initially came from two great shapers of thought. Who are the two? And what ideas they expressed inspire the romantic writers?

Answer:

Jean- Jacques Rousseau and Thomas Paine

The new ideas about nature, society and education, that is liberty, equality and fraternity they expressed inspire the romantic writers.

47. The white whale, Moby Dick, is the most important symbol in Melville’s novel. What symbolic meaning can you draw from it?

Answer:

Its symbolic meaning is a voyage of the mind in quest of the truth and knowledge of the universe, a spiritual exploration in man’s deep reality and psychology.

48. Nature is a philosophic work, in which Emerson gives an explicit discussion on his idea of the Over-soul. What is your understanding of Emersonian "Over-soul"?

Answer:

It means the religion on an intuitive belief in an ultimate unity.

Ⅳ. Topic Discussion

49. How is Romanticism different from Neoclassicism? Provide brief evidence from the literary works you know best.

Answer:

In the field of literature, the Enlightenment Movement brought about a revival of interest in the old classical works. This tendency is known as neoclassicism. It requires that all forms of literature are to be modeled after the classical works of the ancient Greek and Roman writers and those of the contemporary French ones, artistic ideals should be order, logic, restrained emotion and accuracy, and that literature should be judged in terms of its service to humanity. In this case, Human beings are instructed and corrected primarily as social animals. Romanticism emphasizes the special qualities of each individual’s mind and constitutes a change of direction from attention to the outer world of social civilization to the inner world of human spirit. It tends to see the individual as the very center of all life and all experience. It also places the individual at the center of are. For example, "An essay on criticism"(Neoclassicism) is orderly and logical with restrained emotion and accuracy while "I wondered loely as a cloud" (Romanticism) is just the opposite.

50. Summarize the story of Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn in about 100 words, and comment on the theme of the novel.

Answer:

Huck escapes from a lonely cabin where he has been punished by his father. He meets Jim, a run-away slave, and they start down the river on a raft. After several adventures, the raft is hit and they are separated. Huck is saved and later he discovers Jim. They set out again, giving refuge to a gang of frauds. Huck interferes on behalf of three daughter but fails. Then he finds that Jim has been sold by the "King". He and Tom try to rescue Jim. In the rescue, Tom is shot and Jim is recaptured. Later, Tom reveals that the rescue is necessary only because he wants the adventure of it. At last, Huck is safe because his father dies.

The theme of the novel is to expose the pre-civil war American society. It presents a sample of the small -town world of America and a survey of the social world from the bank of the river that runs through the heart of the country.

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Part One：English Poetry 1.William Shakespeare Sonnet 18 ?Why does the poet compare `thee` to a summer’s day? And who could `thee` be? Because summer’s day and thee both represent beauty . thee could be beauty, love. ?What picture have you got of English summer, and could you explain why? Warm, beautiful, sunshine. Because summer is the best season of a year ,the most beautiful season. It is like our May. ?How does the poet answer the question he puts forth in the first line? Thee is more beautiful than summer. ?What makes the poet think that “thou” can be more fair than summer and immortal? Because humanism is more eternal than summer and immortal. ?What figures of speech are used in this poem? Simile, metaphor, personification, oxymoron and so on . ?What is the theme of the poem? Love conquers all, Beauty lives on. 2. Thomas Nashe Spring ?Read the poem carefully, pay attention to those image- bearing words, and see how many images the poet created in the poem and what sense impressions you can get from those images. There is “Blooms each thing, maids dance in a ring, the pretty birds do sing, the palm and may make country houses gay, Lambs frisk' and play, the shepherds pipe all day, And we hear aye birds tune this merry lay, The fields breathe sweet, the daisies kiss our feet, Young lovers meet, old wives a-sunning sit, In every street these tunes bur ears do greet!” The “Young lovers meet, old wives a-sunning sit，”impressions me most because of the harmony of the people’s relationship. ?Can you point out and explain the sound and their musical effect in the poem? In the Poem, each section has four lines, each line has ten syllables ( five tone step ) . In order to give the reader a spring breeze , streams , flowers , winding , Song Xin texture of sound and light flavor, Naixi greater uses English word S , z , f , V , R , L , and θconsonants means. In Naixi's poem, the use of phonological is also very harmonious, very smooth , very mellow. Section I of the poetry has Three pairs [ ing ] , section II of the poem has three pairs [ ei ] and the third quarter has three pairs [ i : ]. 3.John Donne A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning ?What is a “valediction” any way? Is the speaker in the poem about to die? Why does the speaker forbid mourning? No, it is about the lover s’separation. As the poem metaphors, the poet believed he and his wife’s love is sacred, he didn’t hope they cry when separation comes, let their love be stained by the ordinary and mundane.

【自考答案】英美文学选读试题

绝密★考试结束前 全国2014年4月高等教育自学考试 英美文学选读试题 课程代码：00604 请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。全部题目用英文作答。 选择题部分 注意事项： 1．答题前，考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。 2．每小题选出答案后，用2 B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试题卷上。 I. Multiple Choice(40 points in all, 1 for each) Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. Mark your choice by blackening the corresponding letter A, B, C or D on the answer sheet. 1. Shakespeare has established his giant position in world literature with his ______ plays, 154 sonnets and 2 long poems.B A. 27 B. 38 C.47 D. 52 2. john Milton’s literary achievement can be divided into three groups: the early poetic works, the middle prose pamphlets and the last ______.C A. romances B. dramas C. great poems D. ballads 3. The novels of ______ are the first literary works devoted to the study of problems of the lower— class people.C A. John Milton B. Daniel Defoe C. Henry Fielding D. Jonathan Swift

英美文学试题

英美文学选读资料00604 PART ONE （40 POINTS） Ⅰ.Multiple Choice (40 points in all, 1 for each) Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. Write your correct answer on the answer sheet. 1.“And we will sit upon the rocks, /Seeing the shepherds feed their flocks,/By shallow rivers to whose falls/Melodious birds sing madrigals.” The above lines are taken from ______. A. Milton’s Paradise Lost B. Marlowe’s “The Passionate shepherd to His Love” C. Shakespeare’s “Sonnet 18” D. John Donne’s “The Sun Rising” 2.The English Renaissance period was an age of ______ . A. poetry and drama B. drama and novel C. novel and poetry D. romance and poetry 3.Here are four lines taken from Edmund Spenser’s The Faerie Queene: “But on his brest a bloudie Crosse he bore,/The deare remembrance of his dying Lord,/For whose sweete sake that glorious badge he wore,/And dead as living ever him adored.” Who is the “dying Lord” discussed in the above lines? A. Beowulf B. King Arthur C. Jesus Christ D. Jupiter 4.The major concern of _______ fiction lies in the tracing of the psychological development of his characters and in his energetic criticism of the dehumanizing effect of the capitalist industrialization on human nature. A.Charles Dickens"s https://www.docsj.com/doc/85146107.html,wrence"s C.Thomas Hardy"s D.John Galsworthy"s 5.Daniel Defoe describes _______ as a typical English Middle-class man of the eighteenth century, the very prototype of the empire builder or the pioneer colonist. A.Tom Jones B.Gulliver C.Moll Flanders D.Robinson Crusoe 6."To be so distinguished is an honor, which, being very little accustomed to favors from the great, I know not well how to receive, or in what terms to acknowledge." The above quoted sentence is presented by Samuel Johnson with a（n）_______ tone. A.delightful B.jealous C.ironic D.humorou 4.In Shakespeare’s Merchant of Venice, 7. “Let not Ambition mock their useful toil,/Their homely joys, and destiny obscure;/Nor Grandeur hear with a disdainful smile /The short and simple annals of the poor.” The above lines are taken from . A. Alexander Pope’s Essay on Criticism B. Coleridge’s “Kubla Khan” C. John Donne’s “The Sun Rising” D. Thomas Gray’s “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard” 8. By making the truth-seeking pilgrims suffer at the hands of the people of Vanity Fair, John Bunyan intends to show the prevalent political and religious ______of his time. A. persecution B. improvement C. prosperity D. disillusionment 9. The 18th century witnessed a new literary form－the modern English novel, which, contrary to the medieval romance, gives a ______ presentation of life of the common people. A. romantic B. realistic C. prophetic D. idealistic 10. As a whole, ______is one of the most effective and devastating criticisms and satires of all aspects in the then English and European life— socially, politically, religiously, philosophically, scientifically, and morally. A. Moll Flanders B. Gulliver’s Travels C. Pilgrim’s Progress D. The School for Scandal 11.It is generally regarded that Keats"s most important and mature poems are in the form of _______ . A.ode B.elegy C.epic D.sonnet 12.G.B.Shaw"s play Mrs.Warren"s Profession is a realistic exposure of the _______ in the English society. A.slum landlordism B.inequality between men and women C.political corruption D.economic exploitation of women 13.In William Blake"s poetry, the father（and any other in whom he saw the image of the father such as God, priest, and king）was usually a figure of _______ . A.benevolence B.admiration C.love D.tyranny 14.""I believe you are made of stone,"he said, clenching his fingers so hard that he broke the fragile cup. …"You seem to forget," she said,"that cup is not!"" From the above quoted passage, we can find the woman"s tone is very _______ . A.sarcastic B.amusing C.sentimental D.facetious 15.The Pilgrim"s Progress by John Bunyan is often said to be concerned with the search for _______ .

英美文学测试题1

测试题（1） 1.Of the four alternative answers, choose the one that would best complete the statement. 1.Spenser is regarded as one of the greatest poets in the English Renaissance. His masterpiece is _______________. a.Utopia b. The Song of Beowulf C. The Faerie Queene D. The Canterbury Tales 2.Which of the following is not Malowe’s play? a.Tamlurlaine the Great b. The Jew of Malta c. The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus d. Cymbeline 3. “Hamlet” “Othello” “King Lear” and “_________” are regarded as Shake speare’s four great tragedies. a. Macbeth b. Romeo and Juliet c. The Winter’s Tale d. Tempest 4. Of the following plays by Shakespeare, which is not a comedy? a. Midsummer Night Dream b. The Merchant of Venice c. Twelfth Night d. Romeo and Juliet 5. Which of the following is not a historical play by Shakespeare? a. Henry VI b. Henry IV c. Richard III D. Charles I 6. From the following choose the one which is not Francis Bacon’s work. a. The Advancement of Learning b. The New Instrument c. Essays d. Venus and Adonis 7. “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?” This is the beginning line of one of Shakespeare’s ___________________. a. songs b. plays c. comedies d. sonnets 8. English Renaissance Period was an age of __________. a. prose and novel b. poetry and drama c. essays and journals d. ballads and songs 9. Of the following _______was the important metaphysical poet. a. John Donne b. Ben Johnson c. John Milton d. George Peele 10. Of the following “________” was not written by Milton. a. Paradise Lost b. Paradise regained c. Samson Agonistes d. Volpone 11. “Dr. Faustus” is a play based on the _______legend of a magician aspiring for knowledge and finally meeting his tragic end. a. English b. French c. German D. Irish 12. Shakespeare has established his giant position in world literature with his _______plays. 154 sonnets and 2 long poems. a. 47 b. 38 c. 27 d. 52 13. The principle of Shakespeare’s historical play is that the national ______under a mighty and jut sovereign is a necessity. a. peace b. prosperity c. unity d. progress 14. “Romeo and Juliet” though a tragedy, is permeated with ____________spi rit. a. optimistic b. pessimistic c. satirical d. realistic

《英美文学选读》模拟试题(2)答案

《英美文学选读》模拟试题（二） 一、单项选择题 1.D. Father and son in the medieval period, it is Chaucer alone who, for the first time in English literature, presented to us a comprehensive _____ picture of the English society of his time and created a whole gallery of valid _________ from all walks of life in his masterpiece “the Canterbury Tales”. A. visionary/women B. romantic/men C. realistic/characters D. natural/figures 2.Humanism sprang from the endeavor to restore a medieval reverence for the antique authors and is frequently taken as the beginning of the Renaissance on its conscious, intellectual side, for the Greek and Roman civilization was based on the conception that man is the _____ of all things. A. measure B. king C. lover D. rule 3.Many people today tend to regard the play “The Merchant of Venice” as a satire of the hypocrisy of ___________ and their false standards of friendship and love, their cunning ways of pursuing worldliness and their unreasoning prejudice against _____. A. Christians/Jews B. Jews/Christians C. oppressors/oppressed D. people/Jews 傳統的理論認為該劇的主題是褒揚安東尼奧Antonio與巴塞尼奧Bassanio之間的友誼，贊美鮑西婭Portia的完美:美貌，智慧與堅貞，並揭露了Jews--Shylock的貪婪與殘忍 但是經曆了几個世紀對對Jews不會平的待遇,今天許多人將該劇的主題看作chritains的hypocrisy ,為追求世俗利益而不擇手段以及對Jews不公正的偏見 補充閱讀 1) Bassanio——Portia 2) Antonio——Shylock The traditional theme of the play is to praise the friendship betweem Antonio and Bassanio, to idealize Portia as a heroine of greate beaulity, wit and loyalty, and to expose the insatiable greed and brutality o f the Jew. Tody, many people tend to regard the play as a satire of the christians’ hypocrisy and their false standards of frindship and love, their cunning way of pursuing worldliness(俗心, 俗气) and their unreasoning prejudice against Jews.