2019届高考英语(江苏版)一轮复习练习：选修6 2 Unit 2知能演练轻松闯关 含答案

A卷

Ⅰ单项填空

1．—I heard you worked very late yesterday.

—Yes, it had been completely dark by the time I ________ the office.

A．leave B．left

C．have left D．had left

B解析：根据语境，天几乎黑了发生在“离开”办公室之前，故前面用过去完成时，后面用一般过去时.

2．According to Henry Thoreau, what a man thinks of himself determines, or rather ________ his fate.

A．conveys B．indicates

C．represents D．predicts

B解析：句意：亨利·梭罗认为，一个人怎么看待自己决定了，更确切地说，预示了他的命运. convey“传达，运输”；indicate“表明，预示”；represent“代表，表现”；predict“预报，预言” . 根据句意可知，应选B.

3．Fortunately somebody who happened to be passing by called the fire department ________ the fire broke out.

A．hurriedly B．quickly

C．instantly D．shortly

C解析：句意：幸运的是碰巧经过的人一看到火灾就报了警，instantly在此句中用作连词，意为“一……就……”.

4．The project________by the end of 2018, will expand the city’s telephone network to cover 2，000，000 users.

A．being accomplished B．to be accomplished

C．accomplished D．having been accomplished

B解析：根据will expand... 判断空处应该表示一个将来的动作，所以用动词不定式to be accomplished.

5．(2018·启东东南中学考前辅导)He and his wife are of the same ________；they both want their son to go to college.

A．soul B．spirit

C．heart D．mind

D解析：soul“灵魂，心灵，精神”；spirit“灵魂，心灵，精神”；heart“心境，心情，内心”；mind“头脑，精神，愿望，看法”.四个名词均可放入空处.后半句句意：他们

想让他们的儿子上大学.暗示了一种想法，故与mind意思相同，那么前面一句的意思就是“他和他的妻子有一样的愿望”.

6．According to Darwin’s “Survival of the Fittest”，only those species that were able to ________ the sudden great changes of their living conditions could survive.

A．appeal to B．relate to

C．adapt to D．contribute to

C解析：句意：按照达尔文的“适者生存”理论，只有那些能够适应他们生活环境的突然的大变化的物种才能够生存下来. 这里用adapt to表示“适应”，故选 C. appeal to“呼吁，有吸引力”；relate to“涉及，有关”；contribute to“捐献，促成” .

7．(2018·江苏时堰中学高三摸底)________ yourself with positive people who know the importance of confidence and you will keep focused on what you can do instead of what you can’t.

A．Surrounding B．Surrounded

C．Surround D．Having surrounded

C解析：句意：把自己置于一些知道自信重要性的积极的人周围，你就会集中于你能够做的而不是你不能做的. 考查了“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”的用法.

8．His cough will become more serious unless he ________ smoking.

A．quits B．quitted

C．doesn’t quit D．is quitting

A解析：unless引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时代替将来时.

9．Almost every one of the graduates wants to deliver the keynote speech at the graduation ceremony, because for the speaker, ________ is an honour.

A．invited B．being invited

C．to invite D．inviting

B解析：句中because引导原因状语从句，从句中缺少主语，且speaker与invite之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用being invited作主语.

10．—I’ll be able to come to see your performance at 8：30 tomorrow evening.

—I’m sorry, by then my performance ________ and I ________reporters in the meeting room.

A．will be ended; will meet

B．is to end; will meet

C．will have ended; will be meeting

D．will end; am going to meet

C解析：句意：——明晚8：30我能来看你的演出. ——对不起，到那时候我的演出

已经结束了，那时我将正在会议室跟记者见面呢. 本题中by then指的是by 8：30 tomorrow evening, by后接将来的时间，应与将来完成时连用. 第二空是指在明晚8：30的时候，是将来一个确切的时间点，应该用将来进行时.

11．Mary worked here as a ________ secretary and ended up getting a full-time job in the company.

A．pessimistic B．temporary

C．previous D．cautious

B解析：pessimistic “悲观的”；temporary “临时的，暂时的”；previous “先前的，以往的”；cautious “小心谨慎的”. 此处句意为“玛丽曾在这儿做临时秘书，但最终在这家公司得到了一份全职工作.”根据句意可知正确答案为B项.

12．(2018·宿迁三校学情调研)________ the cold, thin air and low oxygen levels also can cause mountain sickness.

A．On behalf of B．In terms of

C．Apart from D．Except for

C解析：句意：除了寒冷，稀薄的空气和缺氧也能够导致高原反应. on behalf of “代表”；in terms of “就……而言”；apart from “除……以外”，含有包含在内的意思；except for表示“除……以外”，不包含在内.

13．As the result of one child one family, an increasing number of children don’t know how to ________ their peers, which leads to a lot of failure of cooperating work.

A．team up with B．put up with

C．keep up with D．come up with

A解析：句意：由于一个家庭只有一个孩子，越来越多的孩子不知道如何与他们的同龄人合作，这导致许多合作工作的失败. team up with“合作”，符合句意. put up with“忍受”；keep up with“跟上”；come up with“想出(主意、答案等)” .

14．(2018·泗阳中学高三月考)The use of water is becoming tense in North China and the government ________that we should save water in our daily life.

A．admits B．acknowledges

C．advocates D．adores

C解析：句意：在中国的北方，水的使用越来越紧张，政府倡导我们在日常生活中节约用水. advocate“提倡，倡议”后接从句时，谓语动词用(should) do.

15．(2018·南京五十五中高三月考)________ I was in trouble, he would come to help me out.

A．Every time B．The first time

C．For the first time D．Next time

A解析：一些表时间的名词可以充当连词，引导时间状语从句. 句意：每当我处于困

境时，他都会来帮我解决. 根据句意可知，A项正确.

Ⅱ阅读理解

A

The world record holder for the number of university degrees is a 70-year-old Italian.

Mr.Luciano Baietti lives in the town of Velletri near Rome and spends his days walking around his small house and garden.But every morning as early as 3 o’clock，he pulls out his textbooks and starts studying.

He now holds 15 bachelors or master’s degrees from universities across Italy，and is already attempting his 16th.

“Thanks to books，I feel free，”he tells the BBC journalists.“After all，the words share the same root，”he says，referring to the Italian words libro(book)and libero (free)．The certificates proving his talent hang on the walls of his study，showing people that he was writing new pages in the Guinness Book of Records.In 2002 he got his eighth degree in motor skills.And before that he already had degrees in sociology，literature，law，political science and philosophy，most from Rome’s famous La Sapienza University, one of the oldest in the world.

Since then，he has added seven other degrees to his list，including one in criminology(犯罪学)，one in military strategies and the latest one in tourism in February 2017.All of these three were from online universities.

“Each time I set myself a new challenge to see how far my body and my brain can go，”says Mr.Baietti.

【解题导语】本文是一篇新闻报道.来自意大利的70岁的Luciano Baietti先生是已获得大学学位总数最多的世界纪录保持者.

1．What can we know about Mr.Baietti from the passage?

A．He has a wide range of learning.

B．He is the oldest world record holder.

C．He has got crazy about getting degrees.

D．He got all his degrees by going to school.

A解析：推理判断题.根据第三至五段可以推断Luciano Baietti先生的学习范围非常广泛.a wide range of意思是“广泛的，多种多样的”，所以选项A正确.

2．Why has Mr.Baietti tried to get so many degrees?

A．To show his talent.

B．To challenge himself.

C．To become popular.

D．To break the world record.

B解析：细节理解题.根据最后一段中的“Each time I set myself a new challenge to see

how far my body and my brain can go”可知选项B正确.

3．Where does this passage most probably come from?

A．A newspaper.

B．A biography.

C．A travel magazine.

D．A story book.

A解析：文章出处题.根据全文尤其是第四段Luciano Baietti先生接受BBC采访的信息可以推断本文应该是一篇新闻报道.所以选项A正确.

B

A girl in gray sat upon a bench in the park, reading a book. She had come there at the same hour on the day previous, and on the day before that; and there was one who knew it.

The young man who knew it hovered near. His devotion was rewarded, for, in turning a page, her book slipped from her fingers. The young man ran upon it immediately, returning it to its owner.

The girl looked him over leisurely at his ordinary, neat dress. “You may sit down, if you like，”she said, in a deliberate contralto(女低音)．

“Do you know，”he said, “that you are the most charming girl I have ever seen? I had my eye on you yesterday. Didn’t know somebody was obsessed by those pretty lamps of yours, did you, honeysuckle？”

“Whoever you are，”said the girl, in icy tones, “you must remember that I am a lady. I will excuse the remark you have just made because the mistake was, doubtless, not an unnatural one—in your circle.”

“I seriously beg your pardon，”said the young man. His expression of satisfaction had changed to regret and shame.

“Abandon the subject, if you please. Now, tell me about these people passing and crowding. Where are they going? Why do they so hurry？Are they happy？”

The young man had promptly abandoned his air of coquetry(嬉皮笑脸). “It is interesting to watch them，”he replied, “It is the wonderful drama of life. One wonders what their histories are.”

“I do not，”said the girl, “I am not so curious about others’stories. I come here to sit because here, only, I can be near the great, common, beating heart of humanity. Can you guess why I spoke to you？”

The girl, held up a slender finger, and smiled slightly. “Because I wanted to talk, for once, with a natural man—one unspoiled by the dirty gloss of wealth. Oh! You do not know how tired I am of it—money, money, money! I am sick of jewels, of travel, of society, of luxuries，of all kinds.

Sometimes the very tinkle of the ice in my champagne glass nearly drives me mad.”

“I have always liked to read and hear about the ways of wealthy and fashionable folks. Now, I had formed the opinion that champagne is cooled in the bottle and not by placing ice in the glass，”The young man said.

The girl gave a musical laugh of genuine amusement. “You should know，”she explained, “that just now it is a fad to put ice in champagne. The idea was originated by a visiting Prince of Tartary wh ile dining at the Waldorf.”

“I see，”admitted the young man, humbly.

“Sometimes，”continued the girl, “I have thought that if I ever should love a man, it would be one of lowly station. One who is a worker and not a lazy bone. By the way, what is your occupation？”

“A very humble one. Were you serious when you said that you could love a man of lowly position？”

“Indeed I was.”

“I work in a restaurant.”

The girl shrank slightly and asked, “Not as a waiter? Labor is noble, though.”

“I am not a wai ter. I am a cashier in that restaurant.”

The girl consulted a tiny watch upon her left wrist, and rose, hurriedly. “Why are you not at work？”

“I am on the night turn，”said the young man. “May I not hope to see you again？”

“I do not know. Perhaps—but I must go quickly now. There is a dinner—and, oh! Perhaps you noticed an automobile at the upper corner of the park as you came. Pierre waits for me there. He supposes me to be shopping in the department store across the square. Goodbye.” Passing down the sidewalk, she entered a restaurant. There a redhead girl glanced pointedly at the clock, leaving the cashier’s desk. The girl in gray took her place.

The young man walked slowly back along the sidewalk and stepped into the automobile and said two words to the driver：“Club, Henri.”

【解题导语】本文为记叙文，改编自欧·亨利的短篇小说《汽车等候的时候》. 小说描述了一个来自底层社会的女出纳员与一个来自上层社会的富家公子之间的故事.

4．Which of the following descriptions about the girl in gray is NOT true?

A．She is elegant and contented to be badly off.

B．She is an ordinary laborer of lowly station.

C．She has an admiration for life in the upper class.

D．She is deceptive and insincere.

A解析：推理判断题. 通读全文，不难发现灰衣女孩是一个爱慕虚荣，幻想上层社

会奢华生活的人. 故答案选A.

5．Which sentence implies that the girl in gray is not from the upper class?

A．Whoever you are, you must remember that I am a lady.

B．I come here to sit because here, only, I can be near the great, common, beating heart of humanity.

C．Sometimes the very tinkle of the ice in my champagne glass nearly drives me mad.

D．If I ever should love a man, it would be one of lowly station.

C解析：细节理解题. 由文中的“champagne is cooled in the bottle and not by placing ice in the glass”可知，香槟酒是整瓶冰镇，而不是倒在杯子里放冰块冰镇. 而灰衣女孩却说香槟酒杯中叮当作响的冰块有时让她抓狂. 很明显，女孩在撒谎，她对上层社会生活的不熟悉也暴露无遗. 故答案选C.

6．What may be the reason for the girl’s consulting a tiny watch upon her left wrist?

A．She was to ask the young man to go back to work.

B．She was to check if she was late for the dinner.

C．It was about time that she went back to work.

D．It was one way to show that she was from the upper class.

C解析：细节理解题. 由倒数第二段中的“There a redhead girl glanced pointedly at the clock, leaving the cashier’s desk. The girl in gray took her place. ”可知，灰衣女孩走上前去接替收银员的班，由此可推测，女孩看看手表，发现快到上班时间了，所以匆匆离开公园前往餐厅. 故答案选C.

7．What tone did the author adopt in developing the story?

A．Humorous. B．Ironic.

C．Pitiful. D．Doubtful.

B解析：观点态度题. 通读全文，不难发现作者所描述的主人公灰衣女孩是一个爱慕虚荣，幻想上层社会奢华生活的人. 她说自己宁愿爱上一个身份卑微但勤劳肯干的人，然而，当男主人公谎称自己是餐厅收银员时，她却退缩了. 作者以讽刺的笔调将女孩的虚伪展现得淋漓尽致. 故答案选B.

8．Why did the girl shrink slightly after knowing the young man’s occupation?

A．She was greatly astonished by the young man’s reply.

B．Her desire to talk with a lowly station man declined.

C．She felt pitiful about the young man’s poor life.

D．She came to realize that the young man was a liar.

B解析：细节理解题. 灰衣女孩说自己宁愿爱上一个身份卑微但勤劳肯干的人，然而，当男主人公谎称自己是餐厅收银员时，她却因为男孩的卑微身份而不愿意继续与他交谈.

故答案选B.

9．Which of the following is NOT true according to the last two paragraphs?

A．Both the young man and the girl are liars.

B．Pierre was the girl’s boyfriend.

C．The girl worked in a restaurant as a cashier.

D．The young man finally knew the girl was lying.

B解析：细节理解题. 由倒数第二段可知，女孩是一名来自底层社会的收银员，她谎称公园外的那辆车是等她的，车里的男朋友Pierre在等她购物回去. 实际上车不是等她的，而且也没有Pierre这个人. 故答案选B.

B卷

Ⅰ完形填空

One of the most remarkable things about the human mind is our ability to imagine the future.In our__1__ we can see what has not yet happened.For example，while we are looking forward to __2__ a new place or country，we __3__ what it will be like.We predict the __4__ people will eat，dress and act.Of course，we do not always predict things__5__ .Things are often very different from the way we __6__ them to be.

One of the __7__ dreams in history is the dream of the German scientist，Kekule，who had been__8__ to work out a very difficult problem in physics.He had__9__and analyzed the problem from every angle for days，but there__10__ to be no way of __11__ out the answer.Then one night he went to bed and dreamed.When he__12__ up，he realized that he knew the answer.He had solved the problem in his__13__ .

It is said that in order to figure out the process，the hypnotist(催眠师) sat in the chair opposite him and spoke__14__ ：“I want you to concentrate on my voice.Think about__15__ .You know nothing but my voice.And as you pay attention to my voice，your__16__ will get heavier.Soon you’ll be asleep.

You will hear my voice and__17__ my words，but your body will be asleep，your eyes are too heavy.You are__18__ asleep，and when you wake up you will__19__ nothing.

You will forget everything.Now I am going to__20__slowly from one to five.One，two，three，four，five...”

【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文.本文通过德国科学家Kekule的故事，说明了人类大脑的神奇能力.

1．A.brains B．senses

C．minds D．sights

C解析：根据前一句“One of the most remarkable things about the human mind is our ability to imagine the future.”可知，人类思维最显著的特点之一就是有想象未来的能力；据此

可知，空处指“思维”，故C项正确.

2．A.visiting B．seeking

C．reaching D．discovering

A解析：根据该句中的“a new place or country”可以判断，当我们期望去参观(visiting)某个新地方或新国家时，我们总是想象(imagine)那里会是什么样子.

3．A.imagine B．know

C．feel D．guess

A解析：参见上题解析.

4．A.custom B．habit

C．style D．way

D解析：根据该段最后一句中的“the way”，并结合该句“We predict the ______people will eat，dress and act.”可知，我们总会预测(这个地方的)人们的饮食、衣着和行为方式.D 项意为“方式”，符合语境，故D项正确.A项意为“风俗”；B项意为“习惯”；C项意为“风格”.

5．A.quickly B．simply

C．correctly D．neatly

C解析：根据空处后一句“Things are often very different from the way we______them to be.”可知，事物总是不同于我们预料的那样；据此可以判断，我们不是总能正确地(correctly)预测事物.

6．A.required B．wished

C．left D．expected

D解析：参见上题解析.expect“预料，预期”.

7．A.funny B．dull

C．famous D．silly

C解析：根据该句中的“dreams in history is the dream of the German scientist，Kekule”及下文可知，该处陈述的是历史上著名的梦之一是德国科学家Kekule的梦.C项意为“著名的”，符合语境，故C项正确.A项意为“有趣的”；B项意为“无趣的”；D项意为“愚蠢的”.

8．A.managing B．trying

C．thinking D．hoping

B解析：根据该句中的“Kekule，who had been______to work out a very difficult problem in physics”及下文可知，Kekule一直在努力解一道物理难题；try to do sth.意为“努力做某事”，符合语境，故B项正确.

9．A.studied B．learned

C．discussed D．searched

A解析：根据该句中的“He had______and analyzed the problem from every angle for days”可知，他从多个角度研究(studied)和分析了这个难题.

10．https://www.docsj.com/doc/7e17896564.html,ed B．ought

C．seemed D．had

C解析：根据该句中的“but there______to be no way of____out the answer”可知，似乎没有办法弄清答案.seem意为“似乎，好像”符合语境，故C项正确.

11．A.bringing B．finding

C．turning D．letting

B解析：参见上题解析.find out“弄清，查明”；bring out“使表现出”；turn out“结果是，证明是”；let out“发出”.

12．A.gave B．sat

C．woke D．got

C解析：根据前一句“Then one night he went to bed and dreamed.”可知，空处表示他醒来时意识到自己知道了答案.wake up 为固定短语，意为“醒”，故C项正确.

13．A.dream B．lesson

C．research D．exercise

A解析：根据上文中的“he went to bed and dreamed.When he______up，he realized that he knew the answer.”可知，他在梦(dream)中解决了这个难题.

14．A.softly B．loudly

C．slowly D．firmly

A解析：根据语境并结合常识可知催眠师应是柔和地(softly)说着话.

15．A.everything B．something

C．nothing D．anything

C解析：根据空前一句“I want you to concentrate on my voice.”及下文中的“You know nothing but my voice.”可知，空处应指什么都不要想.C项符合语境，故C项正确.

16．A.eyes B．feet

C．head D．body

A解析：根据常识可知，被催眠师催眠时，眼睛会变得沉重.故选A项.

17．A.believe B．repeat

C．take D．understand

D解析：根据该句中的“You will hear my voice and______my words”可知，此处指听到声音并理解听到的话.understand“理解，明白”，符合语境.

18．A.really B．extremely

C．actually D．almost

D解析：根据空处前一句可知，此处指你几乎(almost)要睡着了.

19．A.accept B．remember

C．hear D．receive

B解析：根据下文中的“You will forget everything.”可知，空处指你将什么都不记得.B 项符合语境，故B项正确.

20．A.count B．say

C．add D．speak

A解析：根据文中的“Now I am going to______slowly from one to five.One，two，three，four，five...”可知，此处表示数数；A项意为“(按顺序)数数”，符合语境，故A项正确.

Ⅱ阅读理解

A

Next time you are blamed for bad behavior, mainly blame it on the whole apple, pear or any other uncut food that your parents packed in your lunch box. That’s because biting into anything that requires the use of the front teeth, is likely to cause rude behavior in kids! At least that’s the conclusion some researchers from Cornell University have made, after observing the behavior of 12 students at a summer camp.

The researchers began by dividing the students into two groups. On the first day, one group was given chicken on the bone. The other was provided with the same chicken cut into delicious, bite－size pieces so that the only way to eat it was with a fork. The following day, the food was exchanged, so that the first group received the small pieces and forks, while the second, enjoyed the chicken on the bone. Each day the camp counselors also gave the kids strict instructions to let them stay within a circle with a 9－foot radius.

The researcher recorded both the meal time and then asked behavioral experts to evaluate what happened. They agreed that the kids that were required to bite the food were twice as likely to show aggressive behavior and disobey the adults, as those that focused on eating their food with forks. Of course, the latter also showed some rude behavior. If that isn’t bad enough, the former group was also more likely to leave their special circle and even, stand and jump on the picnic tables!

This has made Mr. Wansink, who led the research and his team, conclude that for some reasons, kids that bite into their food are more likely to exhibit bad behavior than those forced to eat with forks. Therefore, he advises parents to cut up the food they serve to their kids to enjoy a peaceful meal!

【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文.研究表明，孩子吃东西的方式可能会影响他们的行为举止.

1．What probably results in kids’ bad behavior?

A．The way kids bite into food.

B．The way food is cooked.

C．The unhealthy food kids eat.

D．Their attitude toward the food.

A解析：细节理解题.根据第一段第二句“That’s because biting into anything that requires the use of the front teeth, is likely to cause rude behavior in kids！”可知，孩子表现粗鲁和吃东西的方式有关.故选A.

2．Paragraph 2 mainly shows ________．

A．the result of the research

B．the time on the research

C．the way the research went on

D．the difficulties the research faced

C解析：段落大意题.根据第二段的内容可知，研究者做了一个实验，主要是为了研究孩子的粗鲁表现是否和吃东西的方式有关.在实验中孩子们被分成两组，然后在两天里分别用不同的方式吃东西.故本段主要写的是实验方式.故选C.

3．What can we learn about the students at the summer camp?

A．They enjoyed the food there very much.

B．They exhibited different levels of rude behavior.

C．They were asked to bite the food with care.

D．They were likely to behave badly frequently.

B解析：细节理解题.根据第三段第二句“They agreed that the kids that were required to bite the food were twice as likely to show aggressive behavior and disobey the adults, as those that focused on eating their food with forks.”可知，因吃饭方式的不同，两组孩子粗鲁的行为出现的次数明显不同.故选B.

4．What does Mr. Wansink advise parents to do?

A．To eat with their kids often.

B．To teach their kids how to eat food.

C．To serve their kids with small pieces of food.

D．To show their kids good behavior often.

C解析：细节理解题.根据最后一段最后一句“Therefore, he advises parents to cut up the food they serve to their kids to enjoy a peaceful meal！”可知，Wansink先生建议家长把孩子吃的食物切成小块.故选C.

B

In its early history，Chicago had floods frequently，especially in the spring，making the streets

so muddy that people，horses and carts got stuck.An old joke that was popular at the time went like this：A man is stuck up to his waist in a muddy Chicago street.Asked if he needs help，he replies，“No，thanks.I’ve got a good horse under me.”

The city planner decided to build an underground drainage(排水) system，but there simply wasn’t enough difference between the height of the ground level and the water level.The only two options were to lower the Chicago River or raise the city.

An engineer named Ellis Chesbrough convinced the city that it had no choice but to build the pipes above ground and then cover them with dirt.This raised the level of the city’s streets by as much as 12 feet.

This of course created a new problem：dirt practically buried the first floors of every building in Chicago.Building owners were faced with a choice：either change the first floors of their buildings into basements，and the second stories into mainfloors，or hoist(吊起) the entire buildings to meet the new street level.Small wood-frame buildings could be lifted fairly easily.But what about large，heavy structures like the Tremont Hotel, which was a six-story brick building?

That’s where George Pullman came in.He had developed some house-moving skills successfully.To lift a big structure like the Tremont Hotel，Pullman would place thousands of jackscrews(螺旋千斤顶) beneath the building’s foundation.One man was assigned to operate each section of roughly 10 jackscrews.At Pullman’s sign each man turned his jackscrews by the same amount at the same time，thereby raising the building slowly and evenly.Astonishingly，the Tremont Hotel stayed open during the entire operation，and many of its guests didn’t even notice anything was happening.Some people like to say that every problem has a solution. But in Chicago’s early history, every engineering solution seemed to create a new problem.Now that Chicago’s waste water was draining efficiently into the Chicago River，the city’s next step was to clean the polluted river.

【解题导语】本文主要介绍了芝加哥为了应对洪水泛滥的问题而实行了一些解决方案的故事.

5．The author mentions the joke in Paragraph 1 to show________．

A．horses were fairly useful in Chicago

B．Chicago’s streets were extremely muddy

C．Chicago was very dangerous in the spring

D．the Chicago people were particularly humorous

B解析：推理判断题.根据第一段第一句“In its early history，Chicago had floods frequently，especially in the spring，making the streets so muddy that people，horses and carts got stuck.”可推知，作者提及这个笑话是为了表明芝加哥的街道非常泥泞，故选B.

6．The city planners were convinced by Ellis Chesbrough to________．

A．get rid of the street dirt

B．lower the Chicago River

C．fight against heavy floods

D．build the pipes above ground

D解析：细节理解题.根据第三段第一句“An engineer named Ellis Chesbrough convinced the city that it had no choice but to build the pipes above ground and then cover them with dirt.”可知，Ellis Chesbrough 让城市规划者相信在地上建管道才能解决洪水泛滥所带来的问题，故选D.

7．What can we conclude about the moving operation of the Tremont Hotel?

A．It went on smoothly as intended.

B．It interrupted the business of the hotel.

C．It involved Pullman in turning ten jackscrews.

D．It separated the building from its foundation.

A解析：细节理解题.根据第五段内容可推知，用螺旋千斤顶把the Tremont Hotel升高的事项进展顺利，故选A.

8．The passage is mainly about the early Chicago’s________．

A．popular lifestyles and their influences

B．environmental disasters and their causes

C．engineering problems and their solutions

D．successful businessmen and their achievements

C解析：主旨大意题.结合全文可知，本文主要讲的是早期芝加哥如何应对洪水泛滥的问题的故事，故选C.

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