哈姆雷特与夜宴
比较莎剧《哈姆莱特》与现代影片《夜宴》的异同
威廉·莎士比亚（1564-1616）是欧洲文艺复兴时期的代表作家。他的创作广泛地反映了当时英国的政治、经济、思想、文化、
风俗和习惯，可以当作这个时代的一部形象化的历史来读。他的戏剧在欧洲戏剧发展史或文学发展史上占据重要的地位，很值得我们去总结和批判地借鉴。威廉·莎士比亚是个多产的作家、戏剧家和诗人，他的创作可以分为三个时期：第一时期（1590-1600）主要创作有喜剧十部和历史剧九部，还有三部悲剧；第二时期是他创作的最辉煌的时期，一般称为悲剧时期，共创作有《哈姆莱特》等悲剧七部和喜剧四部；第三时期可称为传奇剧时期，主要创作有传奇剧三部和历史剧一部。下面我们就来看看他在第二时期创作的悲剧《哈姆莱特》和现代影片《夜宴》(编剧：盛和煜邱刚建，导演：冯小刚)在
故事情节、艺术创作风格及创作内容等方面的异同：
一、剧情(Plot)的异同之处代表莎士比亚戏剧创作最高成就的悲剧《哈姆莱特》（Hamlet）写的是丹麦王子哈姆莱特为父复仇的故事。其情节是这样的：丹麦王子哈姆莱特在德国威登堡大学接受人文主义教育。因父王突然死去，怀着沉痛的心情回到祖国；不久，母后又同新王---他的叔父结婚，使他更加难堪。新王声言老王是在花园里被毒蛇咬死的，王子正在疑惑时，老王的鬼魂向他显现，告诉他“毒蛇”就是新王，并嘱咐他为父报仇。哈姆莱特认为他这复仇不只是他个人的问题，而是整个国家的问题。他说自己有重整乾坤、力挽狂澜的责任。他考虑问题的各个方面，既怕泄露心事，又怕鬼魂是假的，还怕落入坏人的圈套，心烦意乱，忧郁不欢，只好装疯卖傻。同时，他叔父也怀疑他得知隐秘，派人到处探察他的行动和心事。甚至利用他的两个老同学和他的情人去探察他。他趁戏班子进宫演出的机会，改编一出阴谋杀兄的旧戏文《贡札古之死》叫戏班子演出，来试探叔父。戏未演完，叔父做贼心虚，坐立不住，仓皇退席。这样，更证明叔父的罪行属实。叔父觉得事情不妙，隐私可能已被发觉。宫内大臣波洛涅斯献计，让母后叫王子到私房谈话，自己躲在帷幕后边偷听；王子发现幕后有人，以为是叔父，便一剑把他刺死。从此，奸王便用借刀杀人法，派他去英国，并让监视他去的两个同学带去密信一封。要英王在王子上岸时就杀掉他；但被哈姆莱特察觉，半路上调换了密信，反而叫英王杀掉两个密使；他自己却跳上海盗船，脱险回来。回来后知道情人奥菲莉娅因父死、爱人远离而发疯落水溺死。奸王利用波洛涅斯的儿子雷欧提斯为父复仇的机会，密谋在比剑中用毒剑、毒酒来置哈姆莱特于死地。结果，哈、雷二人都中了毒剑，王后饮了毒酒，奸王也被刺死。王子临死遗嘱好友霍拉旭传播他的心愿。
《夜宴》“Dinner Banquet”的情节是这样的：也是皇帝杀死了太子的父亲后登上皇位，并将太子发配边疆（也即先帝驾崩，太子巡游在外。皇叔篡位并自封厉帝，执掌朝政）。身为当朝太子后母却又是与太子自小青梅竹马的婉后迫于无奈，委身历帝，并希冀以此保太子周全。但是，刚刚得知父皇驾崩消息的太子，却在其竹海的伎馆遭遇了一场生死之战。历帝在诛杀太子的同时也在先皇的宫廷开始了排除异己确立皇权的屠杀。婉后为求自保，在这场政治争夺中成为了厉帝的帮凶，同时对权利的企及也在她心底日益萌生。与此同时被迫臣服于厉帝却持有异心的还有太守殷太常。殷太常之子殷隽乃是当朝武将，其女儿青女更是早已许婚太子。大势所趋之下，识时务的殷太常开始阻止青女与太子的交往，并极力想在新的王朝确立自己的地位。谁料青女痴情于太子，并梦见太子回朝。当太子无鸾出现在婉后面前，婉后抱住少年时的情人，仿若生死两别。但是无鸾的一声“母后”将她残酷的推开。她已不再是无鸾少年时习武的陪伴者，也不再是太子的后母，她将成为新的皇后，成就新的皇权，并以她昔日的身份和荣耀，助篡位者猖。于是，这本该灭绝的王朝开始了一场新的混战……影片的最高潮发生在一场晚宴上，皇帝、皇后、大臣、将军和太子钩心斗角，各怀诡计，上演一场鸿门宴，母后将公主和皇帝杀害，并与大臣之子和太子做最后的决斗。太子复仇，反被
母后用心腹宫女提供的有毒宝剑误杀，而当母后最终解决掉大臣之子时，却从阴影处伸出致命的一剑。整个故事也已悲剧而收场。
二、评述两大艺术创作风格（creativa style of art）的差异
在莎士比亚著名的四大悲剧中，《哈姆莱特》（1601）是思想艺术最突出的一部。它通过激烈的戏剧冲突，生动地表现了个人复仇和“重整乾坤”相结合的鲜明主题，是一出内容深广的社会悲剧，一首情调悲愤的叙事长诗。而现代影片《夜宴》的介绍说它其实是脱胎于大明宫词的一段剧情。历史考据方面的功夫没有白下，晚唐森森的深宫感觉很是对路。幽玄的黑色与猩艳的红色，将《夜宴》华美、阴晦、凄厉的世界观表现得淋漓尽致。越人的歌谱、婉后的凤袍等均令人过目不忘；而独坐幽篁里的歌艺馆则堪称全片艺术指导的点睛之笔。三、创作内容(creative content)方面相同之处在于两者都是一部压抑、阴霾的宫廷政治斗争剧。但我与部分人的观点是一致的：剧情的确有些类似于《哈姆雷特》；艺术创作风格也幽默得好像给人一种压抑感。但评论也是众说纷纭，如：“冯小刚相当聪明，早在宣传初期就宣布影片构思来自《哈姆莱特》，一则借莎士比亚提高影片的艺术品味，二则避免在故事整体构架上受到质疑。影片也的确非常“忠于”原著，故事情节甚至剧中每个角色几乎都能与原著戏剧中一一对应。不过，影片对人物的主次关系还是有所调整，重点侧重于皇后、厉帝与太子的三方矛盾冲突，皇后、青衣与太子的三角恋爱最终沦为政治阴谋的点缀，这或许更多出自商业方面考虑”。四、人性（Human nature）方面
尽管《夜宴》从莎士比亚借来西方化的背景与格局，可还是带出中国传统禅意。拥有一种存在主义气质的太子，最终还是抵消不乐宿命的召唤。在爱情和阴谋之间毁灭的，还有篡位的厉帝，他的谥号就说明了他的本质，充满欲望，试图拥有一切，当然最重要的便是婉后，厉帝从所有层面反击过去觊觎的岁月，核心当然是哥哥和侄儿，权利和性欲，占据了这些人的行为。其实，在莎士比亚的剧本中，都是为无可逆转的悲辛而怜悯，《夜宴》给我最大的感动，就是所有人都逃不脱，最终婉后在尘埃落定后的欣喜中，被不明来处的飞刀所杀，她回头，却不知暗器何所由来。
总之，在影片《夜宴》中，虽然无情无义之徒互相玩弄、同归于尽的荒诞结尾一时让人无语。但它也确实是一部颇有争议、耐人寻味的电影。仁者见仁，智者见智吧！
William Shakespeare, the most remarkable playwright and a poet of England in the period of the Renaissance in European, an outstanding representative of humanitarianism, is one of the founders of modern European literature. Being one of the world’s greatest writers, he was recognized as the pinnacle of English Renaissance. In his works, Hamlet, one of the four tragedies, is considered the summit of Shakespeare’s art. Many characters were created by Shakespeare with unique creative technique in writing. These characters were alive with the unique personality, particularly in Hamlet, the image of Hamlet; the Prince of Denmark is most well-known. Hamlet is a prince with humanistic ideas. He has “The courtier’s, soldier’s, scholar’s eye tongue, sword,” he is “Th’expectancy and rose of the fair state, The glass of fashion and the mould of for m,” However, he was dithery and delayed. His melancholy is the reason that makes the image has a monumental artistic charm. In this paper, the main target is to analyze the character of Hamlet. Through the overview of the plot of Hamlet, the main characters of Hamlet in Hamlet were shown---melancholy and delay have analyzed. As the representative of humanitarianism, how has Hamlet shown the psychology of hesitation in his revenge, and at the same time we should analyze how to realize his character of delay in the contradiction of his family and love. This thesis also analyzes the causes and the background of the formation of Hamlet’s character. In conclusion, in order to achieve a better understanding and excavation the literary value of Hamlet, the thesis summarizes Hamlet has melancholy, delay of the personality traits, and then expresses
the view of the author in Hamlet, as well as the impact of this work. Deepening the analysis and understanding of the character in British and American literature, we can have a better understanding the social background at that time by analyzing Hamlet’s character.
Key words Hamlet Analysis of the character Melancholy Delay
Synopsis:
"The Banquet" is set in ancient China during the Period of Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms [注：五代十国](907-960 AD), when dynasties succeed each other rapidly in the north and a dozen of independent states vie with one another in the south. Meanwhile, the neighboring Khitan Empire is on the prowl in Manchuria[注：满洲], ready to conquer China when the moment arises.
Against this background of internal turmoil and external threat [注：内忧外患] lives a legendary queen. As beautiful as she is young, and as limber [注：adj.可塑的] as she is smart, Empress Wan (Ziyi Zhang) can launch a thousand ships with her charm and fight a hundred soldiers with her sword. But something is lacking in her life. Unfulfilled in her royal boudoir [注：闺房], she harbors [注：v.持有或抱有（某种特殊的思想或感情）] forbidden desires for her stepson Prince Wu Luan (Daniel Wu), an introverted [注：adj.内向的]and melancholic [注：adj.忧郁的]young man four months her senior, who shies away [注：vt.回避] from the palace to indulge [注：vt.沉溺于] in the ancient art of music and dance.
When the Emperor dies all of a sudden and his virile [注：adj. 有男子气概的, 精力充沛的] younger brother Li (Ge You) takes over the throne, Wan shocks everyone by agreeing to marry Li, convinced that this is the only way to protect Wu Luan while sealing her own position in the court. But Li is no fool, however infatuated [注：v.冲昏头脑] he might be with his sister-in-law, he only pretends to buy into her scheme to consummate his lust. Oblivious to Wan, he has dispatched his guards to kill his nephew.
Already devastated [注：v. 挫败] by his father's death and stunned by his stepmother's impending wedding with his uncle, Wu Luan is pushed to the end of his tether when he realizes his own life is being threatened. After warding off the assassination attempt in a ferocious fight scene, he determines to return to the palace and revenge himself by killing his uncle, whom he believes has murdered his father.
No sooner has Wu Luan returned to the palace than he finds himself inextricably [注：adv. 逃不掉地] trapped in a double love triangle[注：三角恋] : on the one hand, there is Wan, on the other, Qing Nu (Zhou Xun), the daughter of the conniving Grand Marshall [注：大臣]. As pure as snow, Qing Nu is head over heels in love with Wu Luan, and she is ready to sacrifice her life for him.
When Emperor Li proclaims that a big banquet will be held for his ministers, Wu Luan realizes it is the time to strike. Meanwhile, Empress Wan and the Grand Marshall also have their own plans to hatch…
Hamlet is the prince of Denmark, he is learning at the University of Wittenberg in Germany. He finds that his father, the former king, has recently died and that his mother, Queen Gertrude, has
subsequently married Claudius, his father's brother. Claudius has assumed the title of king of Denmark. Hamlet’s sense that “something is rotten in the state of Denmark” is intensified when his friend and fellow student Horatio informs him that a ghost resembling his dead father has been seen on the battlements of the castle. Hamlet confronts the ghost, who tells him that Claudius murdered him and makes Hamlet swear to avenge his death. In order to disguise his feelings, Hamlet declares that from now on he will demonstrate an “antic disposition.” His behavior appears to everyone but Claudius to be a form of madness.
To satisfy his growing questions about whether Hamlet is feigning madness, Claudius makes three attempts to verify Hamlet’s sanity. In his endeavor he makes use of Ophelia, the daughter of the lord chamberlain, Polonius; Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, university friends of Hamlet; and finally Polonius himself. Polonius, sure that Hamlet's madness is the result of disappointed love for Ophelia—for Polonius has instructed her to keep aloof from the prince—arra nges a “chance” encounter between the lovers that he and the king can overhear. Hamlet is not deceived. He bitterly rejects Ophelia and uses the occasion to utter what Claudius alone will recognize as a warning.
In the meantime, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern have arrived at court. They talk about the company of players that has followed them to Elsinore. This suggests to Hamlet a means for eliminating all doubts about the king's guilt. He has the players perform a piece, “The Murder of Gonzago,” that reprod uces the circumstances of his father's murder. Claudius interrupts the performance, and Hamlet and Horatio interpret this as a betrayal of his guilt.
Queen Gertrude, angered at what she considers Hamlet's rudeness at the play, summons him to her chamber. On his way Hamlet comes upon Claudius kneeling in prayer. Hamlet overhears the king’s plea to heaven for forgiveness for the act that procured him his crown and his queen. No longer doubting the king's guilt, Hamlet still refrains from killing him. He reasons that the present circumstances seem too much like absolution and that he should reserve his revenge for some occasion when Claudius's death would be certain to be followed by damnation.
By the time Hamlet arrives at his mother's chamber, Polonius, with the complicity of both the king and the queen, has concealed himself behind a tapestry in the hope that Hamlet will reveal the cause of his odd behavior. The queen begins the interview in a challenging tone that infuriates Hamlet, who has long brooded o ver his mother’s marriage to Claudius so soon after his father's death. Hamlet’s response is so violent that Gertrude screams, causing Polonius to cry out for help. Thinking it is the king, Hamlet thrusts his sword through the tapestry and kills Polonius. Claudius then sends Hamlet to England, escorted by Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, ostensibly for the prince's safety but in fact to have him executed on his arrival. During Hamlet's absence Laertes, the son of Polonius, returns from Paris, France, to avenge his father's death. Laertes finds that his sister Ophelia, grief stricken by her father's death at the hands of the man she loves, has gone mad. Her suicide by drowning increases Laertes's desire for revenge.
Meanwhile, Hamlet is attacked by sea pirates and persuades them to return him to Denmark. Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, however, continue on their way to England; Hamlet has replaced their written order for his execution with another naming them as the victims. When Hamlet returns unexpectedly to witness the funeral of Ophelia, the king suggests to the vengeful Laertes that he challenge Hamlet to a fencing match in which Laertes will use an unprotected foil tipped with poison.
As a backup, should Laertes's skill or nerve fail, the king prepares a poisoned cup of wine to offer
Hamlet. In the excitement of the ensuing duel, the queen insists on drinking from the cup. Hamlet and Laertes are both mortally wounded, for in the violence of the bout the rapiers have changed hands. The dying queen warns Hamlet of the poison. Laertes points to the king as the chief instigator, and Hamlet at once stabs his uncle with the poisoned foil. With his last breath Hamlet exchanges forgiveness with Laertes and asks Horatio to make clear to the world the true story of his tragedy.
Fortinbras, a prince of Norway, appears on the scene. He had earlier been granted permission to lead the Norwegian army across Denmark to attack Poland and has now returned from his military campaign. With all of the claimants to the Danish throne dead, Fortinbras claims the crown.
In the movie Hamlet is given a formidable opponent: Claudius is a hypocrite, but he is a successful one. He achieves his desired effect on everybody. His hypocrisy is that of a skilled politician. He is not dramatically shown as being in any way unworthy of his station--he upholds his part with dignity. He is a "smiling villain" and is not exposed until the final catastrophe. The jealous Hamlet heaps abuse upon him, but Shakespeare makes Claudius the murderer self-controlled. Thus, theatrically, the situation is much more exciting.
Hamlet " of Shakespear is a classical representative work. This book certainly does not have the big difference in the superficial plot with the historical fable, spoke or the Danish prince the story which revenged for the father, in which fills the rank smell of blood violence and dies.Just like the dramatis personae Horatio said: " you may hear to to rape massacre, the unusual repair behavior, the dark center decision, accidental slaughter, borrows the hand murder , as well as falls into suicide result." Windingly elects the plot, tightly centers on the revenge to launch. Hamlet Wittenberg hurries back the home in a hurry from Germany, is attends his father's funeral, enables him to accept, he not catches up with father's funeral, actually witnessed the mother and the Uncle Claudius' wedding ceremony, this had caused Hamm the Wright suspicion at the heart, added night above meets in the royal palace castle with father's ghost, the ghost sorrow sued, this pile atrocity was Uncle Hamlet the behavior, and wanted him to revenge for the father.To this, he started the difficult revenge course, launched the life and death contest with Claudius. Finally, sent out sword the revenge to Claudius
Hamlet is a man with contradictory,he had many chances to kill Claudius,but he hesitated,which reflects the religious thought poisons.
Hamlet " of Shakespear is a classical representative work. This book certainly does not have the big difference in the superficial plot with the historical fable, spoke or the Danish prince the story which revenged for the father, in which fills the rank smell of blood violence and dies.Just like the dramatis personae Horatio said: " you may hear to to rape massacre, the unusual repair behavior, the dark center decision, accidental slaughter, borrows the hand murder , as well as falls into suicide result." Windingly elects the plot, tightly centers on the revenge to launch. Hamlet Wittenberg hurries back the home in a hurry from Germany, is attends his father's funeral, enables him to accept, he not catches up with father's funeral, actually witnessed the mother and the Uncle Claudius' wedding ceremony, this had caused Hamm the Wright suspicion at the heart, added night above meets in the royal palace castle with father's ghost, the ghost sorrow sued, this pile atrocity was Uncle Hamlet the behavior, and wanted him to
revenge for the father.To this, he started the difficult revenge course, launched the life and death contest with Claudius. Finally, sent out sword the revenge to Claudius
Hamlet is a man with contradictory,he had many chances to kill Claudius,but he hesitated,which reflects the religious thought poisons.
哈姆雷特教案
《哈姆莱特》 教学目标： 1．知识与技能：识记莎士比亚及其剧作的有关知识。了解《哈姆莱特》的艺术价值。归纳哈姆 莱特的性格特点。 2．过程与方法：把握紧张、激烈的情节，分析人物性格。讨论、总结品读人物的方法。 3．情感态度与价值观：正确认识哈姆莱特复仇的意义，吸收人文主义思想中的精华。 教学重点： 1．把握紧张激烈的矛盾冲突，初步分析人物性格的某些侧面，正确认识哈姆莱特复仇的意义，了解《哈姆莱特》的艺术价值。 2．体味“比剑”中主要人物间的复杂关系是如何推动情节发展的。 教学难点：哈姆莱特复杂的性格特点。 教学方法：以学生活动为主，以问题引入法带动学生以小组活动的方式展开讨论，学生总结， 教师点拨。以查找法搜索有效而经典的台词，用语言评析法深入分析人物语言，多角度、多层 面分析人物形象。 教具准备：PPT课件、《哈姆雷特》视屏资料 教学时数：2课时。 教学内容与过程 第一课时 一、导入 在西方，每家都必备两本书，一本是《圣经》，另一本大家知道是什么吗？（《莎士比亚全集》），对，一个是宗教的神，一个是艺术的神。而这个艺术之神的创造者，马克思称其为“人类最伟大的戏剧天才”，同时代人本·琼生称誉他是“时代的灵魂”，说他“不属于一个时代，而属于所有的世纪。他是谁？莎士比亚！ 现在，让我们一起走近作者莎士比亚！ 二、走近莎士比亚【参见《语文》（必修4）第96页《莎士比亚戏剧》】 威廉·莎士比亚是文艺复兴时期英国杰出的戏剧家、诗人。人文主义最杰出的代表，近代 欧洲文学的奠基者之一。1564年出生于一个富商家庭。他曾经在“文法学校”读书，后因父亲 破产，中途辍学。21岁时到伦敦剧院工作，很快就登台演戏，并开始创作剧本和诗歌。他创作 的大部分是诗剧，主要作品有： 四大喜剧：《仲夏夜之梦》《威尼斯商人》《皆大欢喜》《无事生非》 四大悲剧：《哈姆雷特》《奥赛罗》《李尔王》《麦克白》此外还有悲喜剧《罗密欧与朱丽叶》 历史剧：《亨利四世》《亨利五世》《亨利六世》《理查二世》《理查三世》《约翰王》 莎士比亚四大悲剧，故事均取自欧洲的历史传说。 《奥》：威尼斯大将奥赛罗与元老之女苔丝狄蒙娜倾心相爱，冲破家庭阻力结为夫妻并一同出征。旗官伊 交加，拔剑自刎。 《李》：不列颠王李尔将国土全分给了花言巧语的两个大女儿，而将秉性耿直的小女儿远嫁法国。最终遭 《麦》 惚。其妻也发狂自杀而死。最后王子率兵讨伐，麦克白兵败而死。 文学的长流里，莎士比亚是一个永恒。不例外地，他的戏剧创作也经历了从浪漫到现实， 从喜剧到悲剧的过程；卓异的是，在这个流程中，他篇篇锦绣，字字珠玑。《罗密欧与朱丽叶》 坚贞的爱情，《威尼斯商人》的可气，还有麦克白密室中的煎熬，李尔王旷野中的呼唤，奥赛罗
哈姆雷特经典语录
在一种悲喜交集的情绪之下，让幸福和忧郁分据了我的两眼，殡葬的挽歌和结婚的笙乐同时并奏，用盛大的喜乐抵消沉重的不幸（克劳狄斯） 啊，但愿这一个太坚实的肉体会融解、消散，化成一片露水！或者那永生的真神不曾制定禁止自杀的律法！上帝啊！上帝啊！人世间的一切在我看来是多么可厌、陈腐、乏味而无聊！（哈姆雷特独白之一） 脆弱啊，你的名字就是女人！（哈姆雷特独白之一） 他有这样高的地位，他的意志并不属于他自己，因为他自己也要被他的血统所支配；他不能像一般庶民一样为自己选择，因为他的决定足以影响整个国本的安危，他是全身的首脑，他的选择必须得到各部分肢体的同意（雷欧提斯） 一个自爱的女郎不应该向月亮显露她的美貌；圣贤也不能逃避馋口的中伤；春天的草木往往还没有吐放它们的蓓蕾，就被蛀虫蠹蚀；朝露一样晶莹的青春，常常会受到罡风的吹打。所以留心吧，戒惧是最安全的方策；即使没有旁人的诱惑，少年的血气也要向他自己叛变。（雷欧提斯） 不要想到什么就说什么，凡事必须三思而行。对人要和气，可以不要过分狎昵。相知有素的朋友，应该用钢圈箍在你的灵魂上，可是不要对每一个泛泛的新知滥施你的交情。留心避免和人家争吵，可是万一争端已起，就应该让对方知道你不是可以轻侮的。倾听每一个人的意见，可是只对极少数人发表你自己的看法；接纳每一个人的批评，可是保留你自己的判断。尽你的财力购制贵重的衣服，可是不要炫新立异，必须富丽而不浮艳，因为服装往往可以可以表现人格……不要向人告贷，也不要借钱给人，因为贷款放了出去，往往不但丢了本钱，而且还失去了朋友；向人告贷的结果，是容易养成因循懒惰的习惯。有其要紧的，你必须对你自己忠实；正像有了白昼才有黑夜一样，对自己忠实，才不会对别人欺诈。（波洛涅斯） 在热情燃烧的时候，一个人无论什么盟誓都会说出口来……不要相信他的盟誓，因为它们都是诱人堕落的淫谋，用庄严神圣的的辞令，掩饰淫邪险恶的居心。（波洛涅斯） 在个人方面也常常是这样，有些人因为身体上长了丑陋的的黑痣——这本来是天生的缺陷，不是他们自己的过失——或者生就一种令人侧目的怪僻，虽然特每年此外还有很多纯洁优美的品性，可是为了这一个缺点，往往会受到世人的歧视。一点点恶癖往往遮盖了高贵的品性，败坏了一个人的声誉。（哈姆雷特） 最轻微的一句话，都可以使你魂飞魄散，使你年轻的血液凝冻成冰，使你的双眼像脱了轨道的星球一样向前突出，使你的纠结的鬈发根根分开，像愤怒的豪猪身上的刺毛一样森然耸立；可是这一种永恒的神秘，是不能向血肉的凡耳宣示的。（哈姆雷特父亲的鬼魂） 可是正像一个贞洁的女子，虽然淫欲罩上神圣的外表也不能把她煽动一样，一个淫妇虽然和光明的天使为偶，也会有一天厌倦于天上的唱随之乐，而宁愿搂抱人间的朽骨。（哈姆雷特父亲的鬼魂） 是的，我要从我的记忆的碑版上拭去一切琐碎愚蠢的记录、一切书本上的格言、一切陈言套语、一切过去的印象、我的少年的阅历所留下的痕迹，只让你的命令留在我的脑筋的书卷里，不搀杂一点下贱的废料；是的，上天为我作证！（哈姆雷特独白之二） 简洁是智慧的灵魂、冗长是肤浅的藻饰（波洛涅斯） “给那天仙化人的、我的灵魂的偶像，最美丽的奥菲利娅——”（波洛涅斯读哈姆雷特给奥菲利娅的信）“你可以疑心星星是火把；
哈姆雷特教案
哈姆雷特教案 教学目标 1、知识与技能：识记莎士比亚及其剧作的有关知识。了解《哈姆莱特》的艺术价值。归纳哈姆莱特的性格特点。 2、过程与方法：把握紧、激烈的情节，分析哈姆莱特的人物性格。讨论总结品读人物的方法。 3、情感态度与价值观：认识封建宫廷的罪恶，正确认识哈姆莱特复仇的意义，吸收人文主义思想中的精华。 教学重点 1、把握紧激烈的矛盾冲突，初步分析人物性格的某些侧面，正确认识哈姆莱特复仇的意义，了解《哈姆莱特》的艺术价值。 2、体味“比剑”中主要人物间的复杂关系是如何推动情节发展的。 教学难点哈姆莱特复杂的性格特点。 教学方法以学生活动为主，以问题引入法带动学生展开讨论，以小组活动的方式进行，学生做总结，教师点拨。以查找法搜索有效而经典的台词，用语言评析法深入分析人物语言，多角度、多层面分析人物形象。 教具准备PPT课件。 教学时数2课时。 教学容与过程 第一课时 一、导入 文学评论界有一句名言：“有一千个读者就有一千个哈姆莱特。”哈姆莱特是英国著名诗人、剧作家莎士比亚著名悲剧《哈姆莱特》中的主要人物。 悲剧《哈姆莱特》被认为是：人文主义的颂歌；一部人类心灵咏唱出的伟大史诗；影响人类历史进程的100本书之一；人类有史以来杰出的经典戏剧；哈佛大学113位教授推荐的最有影响的书；1986年法国《读书》杂志推荐的理想藏书……完成于1601年的《哈姆莱特》，是文艺复兴时期的巨人——莎士比亚戏剧创作的最高成就，也是莎学研究的最大课题。今天我们一起来学习课文节选的《哈姆莱特》第五幕第二场的容。 二、走近作者——简介莎士比亚（参见《优化探究》第17页） 威廉·莎士比亚（William Shakespeare 1564－1616）是文艺复兴时期英国杰出的戏剧家、诗人。1564年出生于一个富商家庭。他曾经在“文法学校”读书，后因父亲破产，中途辍学。21岁时到伦敦剧院工作，很快就登台演戏，并开始创作剧本和诗歌。他创作的大部分是诗剧，主要作品有悲剧《尔王》《哈姆莱特》《奥赛罗》《麦克白》（前为莎士比亚四大悲剧）《罗密欧与朱丽叶》、喜剧《威尼斯商人》《仲夏夜之梦》、历史剧《亨利四世》《理查三世》等。他的作品是人文主义文学的杰出代表，在世界文学史上占有极重要的地位。 莎士比亚是语言艺术大师。他的作品深刻反映了英国由封建制度进入资本主义原始积累时期的社会生活，揭露了资本主义的发展引起的新矛盾，塑造了一系列在世界文学史上具有典型意义的人物形象。 三、《哈姆莱特》全剧剧情（参见《优化探究》第19－20页“文本解读”） 《哈姆莱特》也译作《王子复仇记》，是莎士比亚的代表作。写的是丹麦王子哈姆莱特为父报仇的故事。（请一个同学介绍剧情。） 《哈姆莱特》全剧是以哈姆莱特和克劳狄斯之间你死我活的斗争为线索展开的。主要剧情是：哈姆莱特留学德国时，从老国王的鬼魂那里，得知了叔父克劳狄斯阴谋毒死了他的父亲，骗娶了王后，篡夺了王位的罪行；他回国后，老国王的鬼魂显灵，嘱其复仇。为了拯救国家并
哈姆雷特经典台词_经典台词优秀版
《哈姆雷特经典台词》 哈姆雷特经典台词（一）： 莎士比亚《哈姆雷特》最经典对白 To be， or not to be- that is the question: whether it's nobler in the mind to suffer the slings and arrows of outrageous fortune， or to take arms against a sea of troubles， and by opposing end them? To die:to sleep;no more; andby a sleep to say we end the heartache and the thousand natural shocks that flesh is heir to。 'tis a consummation devoutly to be wish'd。 To die: to sleep; To sleep: perchance to dream: ay， there's the rub: for in that sleep of death what dreams may e when we have shuffled off this mortal coil， must give us pause: there's the respect that makes calamity of so long life;For who would bear the whips and scorns of time， the oppressor's wrong， the proud man's contumely， the pangs of despis'd love， the law's delay， the insolence of office， and the spurns that patient merit of the unworthy takes，when he himself might his quietus make with a bare bodkin? Who would fardels bear， to grunt and sweat under a weary life， but that the dread of something after death， the undiscover'd country， from whose bourn no traveller returns， puzzles the will and makes us rather bear those ills we have than fly to others that we know not of? Thus conscience does make cowards of us all; And thus the native hue of resolution is sicklied o'er with the pale cast of thought， and enterprises of great pith and moment with this regard their currents turn awry， and lose the name of action。 译文： 生存还是毁灭，这是个值得思考的问题: 默然忍受命运暴虐的毒箭，或是挺身反抗人 世无涯的苦难，透过斗争把他们扫清，这两种行为，哪一种更高贵? 死了，睡着了，什么都 完了。倘若在这一种睡眠之中，我们心头的创痛，以及其他无数血肉之躯所不能避免的打击，都能够从此消失，这正是我们求之不得的结局。死了，睡着了，睡着了也许还会做梦。嗯， 阻碍就在这: 因为当我们摆脱了这一具腐朽的皮囊以后，在那死的睡眠里，究竟将要做些什 么梦，那不能不使我们踌躇顾虑。人们甘心久困于患难之中，也就是为了这个缘故。谁愿意忍 受人世的鞭挞和讥嘲、压迫者的凌辱、傲慢者的冷眼、被轻蔑的感情的惨痛、法律的迁延、 官吏的横暴和费尽辛勤所换来的小人的鄙视，要是他只用一柄小小的刀字，就能够清算他自 我的一生？谁愿意负着这样的重担，在烦劳的生命的压迫下呻吟流汗，倘若不是因为惧怕不可 知的死后，惧怕那从来不曾有一个旅人回来过的神秘之国，是它迷惑了我们的意志，使我们 宁愿忍受目前的折磨，不敢向我们所不明白的痛苦飞去？这样，重重的顾虑使我们全变成了懦夫，决心的炽热的光彩，被审慎的思维盖上了一层灰色，伟大的事业在这一种思考下，也会 逆流而退，失去了行动的好处。 （出自《哈姆雷特》第三幕第一场） 哈姆雷特经典台词（二）：
哈姆雷特英汉对照
《哈姆雷特》第三幕第一场 To be, or not to be: that is the question: 活着还是死去：这是一个问题。 Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer 要做到高贵，究竟该忍气吞声 The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune, 来容受狂暴的命运矢石交攻呢， Or to take arms against a sea of troubles, 还是该挺身反抗无边的苦恼， And by opposing end them? To die: to sleep; 扫它个干净？死，就是睡眠—— No more; and by a sleep to say we end 就这样；而如果睡眠就等于了结了 The heart-ache and the thousand natural shocks 心痛以及千百种身体要担受的 That flesh is heir to, 'tis a consummation 皮痛肉痛，那该是天大的好事， Devoutly to be wish'd. To die, to sleep; 正求之不得啊！死，就是睡眠； To sleep: perchance to dream: ay, there's the rub; 睡眠：也许要做梦：唉，这就麻烦了！
For in that sleep of death what dreams may come 我们一旦摆脱了尘世的牵缠， When we have shuffled off this mortal coil, 在死的睡眠里还会做些什么梦， Must give us pause: there's the respect 一想到就不能不踌躇。这一点顾虑 That makes calamity of so long life; 正好使灾难变成了长期的折磨。 For who would bear the whips and scorns of time, 谁甘心忍受人世的鞭挞和嘲弄， The oppressor's wrong, the proud man's contumely 忍受压迫者虐待，傲慢者凌辱， The pangs of despised love, the law's delay, 忍受失恋的痛苦，法庭的拖延， The insolence of office and the spurns 衙门的横暴，做埋头苦干的天才、 That patient merit of the unworthy takes, 受作威作福的小人一脚踢出去， When he himself might his quietus make 如果他只消自己来使一下尖刀 With a bare bodkin? who would fardels bear, 就可以得到解脱啊？谁甘心挑担子，
哈姆雷特
《哈姆雷特》 一、作家及作品 威廉·莎士比亚（1564—1616）是文艺复兴时期英国以及欧洲最重要的作家。他出生于英格兰中部斯特拉福镇的一个商人家庭。 1590年到1600年是莎士比亚创作的早期，又称为历史剧、喜剧时期。这一时期，他写的历史剧包括《理查三世》（1592）、《亨利四世》（上下集）（1597—1598）和《亨利五世》（1599）等9部。剧本的基本主题是拥护中央王权，谴责封建暴君和歌颂开明君主。比如，《亨利四世》展现的是国内局势动荡的画面，贵族们联合起来反叛国王，但叛乱最终被平息；王太子早先生活放荡，后来认识错误，在平定内乱中立下战功。剧作中，历史事实和艺术虚构达到高度统一。人物形象中以福斯塔夫最为生动，此人自私、懒惰、畏缩，却又机警、灵巧、乐观，令人忍俊不禁。 这一时期创作的喜剧包括诗意盎然的《仲夏夜之梦》（1596）、扬善惩恶的《威尼斯商人》（1597）、反映市民生活风俗的《温莎的风流娘儿们》（1598）、宣扬贞洁爱情的《无事生非》（1599）和歌颂爱情又探讨人性的《第十二夜》（1600）等10部。这些剧本基本主题是爱情、婚姻和友谊，带有浓郁的抒情色彩，表现了莎士比亚的人文主义生活理想。与此同时，他还写了《罗密欧与朱丽叶》（1595）等悲剧3部，作品虽然有哀怨的一面，但是基本精神与喜剧相同。莎士比亚还写有长诗《维纳斯和阿多尼斯》（1592—1593）、《鲁克丽丝受辱记》（1593—1594）和154首十四行诗。 莎士比亚创作的第二时期（1601—1607），又称悲剧时期。他写出了《哈姆莱特》（1601）、《奥瑟罗》（1604）、《李尔王》（1606）、《麦克白》（1606）和《雅典的泰门》（1607）等著名悲剧。（《奥赛罗》、《李尔王》和《麦克白》，它们和《哈姆雷特》一起被称为莎士比亚的四大悲剧。） 1608年以后，莎士比亚进入创作的最后时期。这时的莎士比亚已看到人文主义的理想在现实社会中无法实现，便从写悲剧转而为写传奇剧，从揭露批判现实社
哈姆雷特经典原文翻译
出自《哈姆雷特》第三幕第一场 此段的全文如下： HAMLET To be, or not to be: that is the question, Whether'tis nobler in the mind to suffer The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune, Or to take arms against a sea of troubles, And by opposing end them. To die,to sleep; No more; and by a sleep to say we end The heartache, and the thousand natural shocks That flesh is heir to, 'tis a consummation Devoutly to be wished. To die, to sleep. To sleep, perchance to dream: ay, there's the rub; For in that sleep of death what dreams may come When we have shuffled off this mortal coil, Must give us pause. There's the respect That makes calamity of so long life; For who would bear the whips and scorns of time, Th' oppressor's wrong, the proud man's contumely, The pangs of despised love, the law's delay, The insolence of office, and the spurns That patient merit of th'unworthy takes, When he himself might his quietus make With a bare bodkin? Who would fardels bear, To grunt and sweat under a weary life, But that the dread of something after death, The undiscovered country from whose bourn No traveller returns, puzzles the will, And makes us rather bear those ills we have Than fly to others that we know not of? Thus conscience does make cowards of us all, And thus the native hue of resolution Is sicklied o'er with the pale cast of thought, And enterprises of great pitch and moment With this regard their currents turn awry And lose the name of action. 编辑本段译文
《夜宴》跨文化分析
以跨文化的视角试比较分析《夜宴》与《哈姆雷特》 最近，我把老电影翻出来看。看到《夜宴》时，恍然道：这不是莎剧《哈姆雷特》吗？因为之前没有看过，我完全没有先入为主的观念——虽然对于这样一部说烂了的老片子来说，我这样的说辞显得有些不真实。因而这样一部电影，来给“跨文化”作注脚，我想是再合适不过的了。首先这得从导演的创作出发点说起。 《天下无贼》之后，《夜宴》诞生。风格上沿袭了自李安《卧虎藏龙》以来，与张导《英雄》、陈导《十面埋伏》《无极》一致的大排场华丽丽古装宫殿风。这是冯氏电影的一个巨大转变，冯小刚说：“《天下无贼》试着稍微脱离一点过去的风格，当然还是藕断丝连，骨头连着筋的，但是确实有一些变化，也想看看观众是否接受这种变化。没想到反而成为了我的作品里面观众人次最多的一部影片。这就燃起了我的一个愿望，就是变化得更大一点。” “正好这时候中军、中磊就给我看了邱刚建写的本子，原来叫《宝剑太子》，实际上是做了一个中国版的《哈姆雷特》。我觉得这想法倒行，但是他贴得太紧了，与《哈姆雷特》如影随形，我觉得那么拍意思不大，应该在有这样一个人物关系的情况下，重新结构一个故事。” “当媒体问我这是不是中国版的《哈姆雷特》时，我总是不知道该怎么回答。它确实与复仇有关系，但正如后来我和盛和煜商量的那样——复仇太简单了，那只是哈姆雷特个人的生存与毁灭的选择，我们的故事应该是写每一个人的问题。冯小刚坦言自己并不欣赏《哈姆雷特》，他说：“无论是莎士比亚的原著还是改编的黑白电影给我留下的印象都是不好的，因为它的西方哲学思想不太适合中国人理解，总觉得矫情。” 影片的叙事确实存在缺陷，广遭诟病，且与莎翁《哈姆雷特》的美学境界相去甚远（这点从冯小刚的陈述中就可看出，其实他也无意去演绎《哈姆雷特》）。但在我基于跨文化视角的分析中完全可以避开这些，因为根据导演的创作自述，我们完全可以把《夜宴》理解成冯小刚的一次对经典莎剧故事情节改编的尝试——如果与《哈姆雷特》有相似之处，仅限于故事情节，而与思想立意、美学价值等毫无关系。 在西方，真正的悲剧从古希腊开始。索福克勒斯的《俄狄浦斯》特别震撼人心。俄狄浦斯在完全无知的状态下，犯下滔天罪行，杀父娶母。俄狄浦斯既没有特别去做好事，也没有故意做坏事，却有不可避免的悲惨的结果。这完全不是因为俄狄浦斯有什么不好的性格造成的，完全不是因为俄狄浦斯本人有什么缺点。造成这场悲剧的原因是什么？就是命运。古希腊悲剧表达出命运这种东西对人的操纵。每个人都在与命运（而不是与其他人）作战。 到了十六、十七世纪，理性主义流行于西方世界，命运不再是悲剧的中心。莎士比亚的出现可以称得上“时代的产儿”，他敏锐地把时代精神赋予自己的悲剧人物之中。取命运而代之的，是人的各种欲望，是嫉妒、贪婪、猜疑，是人与人之间的斗争，是这些酿成最终的悲剧，这样才使人反省理性的重要。《哈姆雷特》的伟大之处在于王子把看似简单的复仇行动，变为复杂的思考，其中的延宕、冲突值得后人用百年来品味，它宣扬的是理性之光、人性之美。 《夜宴》对莎剧的故事情节有所改编，人物关系更加复杂（不只以王子一个人为重心，而是让其他人也更饱满），并且突出了“欲望”的主题。编剧公开宣称主题是“欲望”，冯小刚进一步阐释：“这是一部与欲望有关的电影：每一个人都是因为欲望才参与到这个事情里的。欲望不是指他一开始就要做这件事，而是说他是在不断地膨胀和变化，是被这个欲望驱动着，一步步地走向深渊的。”事实上，欲望也是当今现代人类的主题，人们大多急功近利。 两部作品时代不同，因而显然不能像某些学者批评的从历史价值上评判高下。 袁和平的动作、谭盾的音乐、叶锦添的服装，金牌三人组让文化从视觉上来说跨越大洋彼岸，成功过渡。然而我标题中所指的“跨文化”是从人物分析为切入点来言说的，下面我
哈姆雷特的性格特征
哈姆雷特的性格特征 哈姆雷特》讲述了青年王子哈姆雷特为父亲复仇，最后与仇人同归于尽的故事。这部剧作是莎士比亚的代表作之一，它把西方对于不可抗拒的命运与个人追求之间的冲突推向了极至，可以说是达到了文艺复兴文学创作的最高峰，同时几乎也是其终点。 被命运控制着去做自己不愿意做的事，同时又感无力反抗，哈姆雷特在剧中处处体现了这种悲剧精神。以下仅就哈姆雷特的几段内心独白我谈谈对哈姆雷特这个形象的看法。 剧目一开始，三道打击就同时落到了主人翁哈姆雷特身上：父王的猝死，母亲的改嫁，王位的丢失。一下把一个对未来充满美好梦想的年轻王子置于一个不堪的现实，他发出了这样的感叹： “。。。或者那永生的真神未曾制定禁止白杀的律法！上帝啊！上帝啊！人世间的一切在我看来是多么可厌、陈腐、乏味而无聊！哼！哼！那是一个荒芜不冶的花园，长满了恶毒的莠草。。。这样好的一个国王，比起当前这个来，简直是天神和丑怪。。。只有一个月的时间，我不能再想下去了！脆弱啊，你的名字就是女人！短短的一个月以前，她哭得像个泪人儿似的，送我那可怜的父亲下葬；她在送葬的时候所穿的那双鞋子还没有破旧，她就，她就——上帝啊！一头没有理性的畜生也要悲伤得长久一些——她就嫁给我的叔父。。。只有一个月的时间，她那流着虚伪之泪的眼睛还没有消去红肿，她就嫁了人了。啊，罪恶的匆促，这样迫不及待地钻进了乱伦的衾被。。。” 由于现实的打击，哈姆雷特一下想到了死亡，但是在那个中世纪的欧洲，这是与基督教的信仰相背的，所以在他死亡的念头一逝而过后开始诅咒这个不公的世界，本来美好的世界现在在他看来一切都是这么的可厌、陈腐、乏味而无聊，继而觉得这世界是个荒芜不冶的花园，长满了恶毒的莠草。就从这里开始，他的世界观开始有了变化，对他原本童话般成长的地方他说出了“整个世界就一个监狱，丹麦是其中最坏的一间牢房”这样的话。仅仅在几天之内，他冥冥中感到了一种悲剧的命运，而这种悲剧的命运将伴随其一生，直至其死亡。 诅咒完世界，我们从哈姆雷特的独白中可以看到，对其打击最大的不是父王的死去，也不是王位的丢失，而是母亲的改嫁。哈的这段独白中有一半以上是对母亲改嫁而发出的愤慨，看得出这件事比另外两件更难以接受，为什么呢？300多年后的心理学分析专家弗洛伊德提出了种“俄狄浦斯情结”，即世上的男孩内心都有杀父娶母，女孩都有杀母嫁父的情结。但在我看来，弗洛伊德的这种说法并不可靠，首先希腊神话中的俄狄浦斯杀父娶母的行为，是命运的安排，并不是受内心的欲望驱使，怎能说这是人普遍存在的内在情结？至少我是没有这种情结。但无论如何弗洛伊德某些观点无可辩驳，母亲是世上最亲的人，父母结合是天经地义的，但给另一个男人占有则令人心理有种特殊的刺激，实在忍无可忍，人人都是如此。所以哈姆雷特的愤怒也就不难理解了。哈姆雷特这独白里还有一句名言：“脆弱啊，你的名字就是女人！”这句话几百年来有各种各样的诠释，的确男女因为生理构造上的差异，在心理上女性比男性有更强的依赖性，对待事物上也没有男性坚定，这不属于本文讨论范围，暂且打住。 哈姆雷特在通过与父亲灵魂的对话中知道了父亲的死因进而开始了其复仇的过程，在
最新《哈姆雷特》经典片段赏析名师资料汇编
《哈姆雷特》经典片段赏析 黑龙江省伊春市第一中学刘士友 1、脆弱啊，你的名字叫女人！ 赏析：这是哈姆雷特想到自己的母亲在父亲去世不到两个月的时间就嫁给叔叔时所产生的感慨。哈姆雷特的这句感慨其实对女人是不太公平的。当时十六七世纪的英国其实还处在封建阶级的统治下，一个女人在那样的社会现实下是没有自己的选择和独立思考的。她们都恪守封建礼教，听从父兄的安排，可以说完全是身不由己。剧中的乔特鲁德和奥菲利亚两个典型的封建贵族女子形象，都是在男人的阴谋或安排下而失去了自己的思想甚至是生命。 2、人是一件多么了不起的杰作！多么高贵的理性！多么伟大的力量！多么优秀的仪表！多么文雅的举动！在行动上多么像一个天使！在智慧上多么像一个天神！宇宙的精华！万物的灵长！ 赏析：这句话蕴含着莎士比亚对人文主义的肯定，表达了对人的赞美。文艺复兴时期人文主义思潮的影响遍及欧洲十分强烈。人在这个时期开始慢慢脱离了神权的束缚，开始发现了作为独立个体存在的自身。这是一个巨人层出的时代。正如恩格斯说：“这是一次人类从来没有经历过的最伟大的、进步的变革，是一个需要巨人而且产生了巨人——在思维能力、热情和性格方面，在多才多艺和学识渊博方面的巨人的时代。……那时，差不多没有一个著名人物不曾作过长途旅行，不会说四五种语言，不在几个专业上放射出光芒。”，产生了像但丁、拉伯雷等著名的诗人和文学家，像拉斐尔、达?芬奇等杰出的艺术家，像哥白尼、伽利略等伟大的科学家，像培根等卓越的哲学家。 3、生存还是毁灭，这是一个值得考虑的问题；默然忍受命运的暴虐的毒箭，或是挺身反抗人世间的无涯的苦难，通过斗争把它们扫清，这两种行为，哪一种更高贵？死了；睡着了；什么都完了；要是在这一种睡眠之中，我们心头的创痛，以及其他无数血肉之躯所不能避免的打击，都可以从此消失，那正是我们求之不得的结局。死了；睡着了；睡着了也许还会做梦；嗯，阻碍就在这儿；因为当我们摆脱了这一具朽腐的皮囊以后，在那死的睡眠里，将要做些什么梦，那不能不使我们，那不能不使我们踌躇顾虑。人们甘心久困于患难之中，也就是为了这个缘故；谁愿意忍受人世的鞭挞和讥嘲、压迫者的凌辱、傲慢者的冷眼、被轻蔑的爱情的惨痛、法律的迁延、官吏的横暴和费尽辛勤所换来的小人的鄙视，要是他只要用一柄小小的刀子，就可以清算他自已的一生？谁愿意负着这样的重担，在烦劳的生命的压迫下呻吟流汗，倘不是因为惧怕不可知的死后，是它迷惑了我们的意志，使我们宁愿忍受目前的磨折，不敢向我们所不知道的痛苦飞去？这样，重重的顾虑使我们全变成了懦夫，决心的赤热的光彩，被审慎的思维盖上了一层灰色，伟大的事业在这一种考虑之下，也会逆流而退，失去了行动的意义。 赏析：哈姆雷特的这一长段内心独白成了著名的经典台词。生存和毁灭的确是困扰着每一个人的问题，莎士比亚借哈姆雷特之口表达了他对人生的终极思考。人
哈姆雷特的独白中英对照
To be, or not to be—— that is the question; 生存还是毁灭，这是一个值得考虑的问题； Whether‘tis nobler in the mind to suffer The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune, Or to take arms against a sea of troubles, And by opposing end them? 默然忍受命运的暴虐的毒箭，或是挺身反抗人世的无涯的苦难， 通过斗争把它们扫清，这两种行为，哪一种更高贵？ To die——to sleep—— No more; and by a sleep to say we end The heart-ache and the thousand natural shocks That flesh is heir to, 'tis a consummation Devoutly to be wish'd. 死了；睡着了；什么都完了；要是在这一种睡眠之中，我们心头的创痛，以及其他无数血肉之躯所不能避免的打击，都可以从此消失，那正是我们求之不得的结局。
To die, to sleep—— To sleep——perchance to dream. Ay, there's the rub; For in that sleep of death what dreams may come When we have shuffled off this mortal coil Must give us pause: there's the respect That makes calamity of so long life; 死了；睡着了；睡着了也许还会做梦；嗯，阻碍就在这儿：因为当我们摆脱了这一具朽腐的皮囊以后，在那死的睡眠里，究竟将要做些什么梦，那不能不使我们踌躇顾虑。人们甘心久困于患难之中，也就是为了这个缘故； For who would bear the whips and scorns of time, The oppressor's wrong, the proud man's contumely, The pangs of despised love, the law's delay, The insolence of office and the spurns That patient merit of the unworthy takes, When he himself might his quietus make
哈姆雷特的忧郁性格探析
哈姆雷特的忧郁性格探析
目录 摘要.......................................... (2) Abstract (3) 前言 (4) 一莎士比亚笔下的《哈姆雷特》 (5) 二哈姆雷特的忧郁性格社会原因 (6) 三哈姆雷特的忧郁性格根源 (7) 结语 (8) 参考文献 (9) 致谢词 (10)
摘要 《哈姆雷特》的作者莎士比亚是文艺复兴时期英国最伟大的剧作家和诗人，卓越的人文主义思想的代表，近代欧洲文学的奠基者之一。他被公认为英国文艺复兴的顶峰，是全世界最伟大的作家之一。在其创作的作品中，四大悲剧之一的《哈姆雷特》中丹麦王子哈姆雷特的形象最为著名。哈姆雷特是一个有着人文主义思想的王子，他有“骑士的眼睛，学者的辩舌，军人的利剑”，他是“国家所瞩望的娇花，时流的明镜，人伦的典范，举世瞩目的中心。”但在他性格中却有着犹豫不定，延宕的一面。但正是因为他的忧郁延宕才使得这一形象有着不朽的艺术魅力。本文主要是对哈姆雷特这一人物形象的性格浅析：通过概述《哈姆雷特》主要的故事情节，分析出哈姆雷特在《哈姆雷特》中呈现的主要性格——忧郁的性格特征。作为人文主义的代表哈姆雷特是如何在复仇中，表现出反复迟疑，犹豫不决的心理；同时有怎样体现了其处于亲情，爱情中矛盾，延宕的性格特征。论文还进一步的分析了形成哈姆雷特性格的成因和背景，从而总结出哈姆雷特忧郁，延宕的性格特征，进而表达出作者对《哈姆雷特》这部作品的看法以及作品对其的影响，达到更好的理解与挖掘《哈姆雷特》的文学价值，以及通过对《哈姆雷特》的人物分析，理解当时的社会背景，深化对英国文学作品中对人物性格的分析和理解。 关键词：哈姆雷特性格浅析忧郁延宕
哈姆雷特经典原文翻译资料讲解
<<<<<<精品资料》》》》》 出自《哈姆雷特》第三幕第一场 此段的全文如下： HAMLET To be, or not to be: that is the question, Whether'tis nobler in the mind to suffer The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune, Or to take arms against a sea of troubles, And by opposing end them. To die,to sleep; No more; and by a sleep to say we end The heartache, and the thousand natural shocks That flesh is heir to, 'tis a consummation Devoutly to be wished. To die, to sleep. To sleep, perchance to dream: ay, there's the rub; For in that sleep of death what dreams may come When we have shuffled off this mortal coil, Must give us pause. There's the respect That makes calamity of so long life; For who would bear the whips and scorns of time, Th' oppressor's wrong, the proud man's contumely, The pangs of despised love, the law's delay, The insolence of office, and the spurns That patient merit of th'unworthy takes, When he himself might his quietus make With a bare bodkin? Who would fardels bear, To grunt and sweat under a weary life, But that the dread of something after death, The undiscovered country from whose bourn No traveller returns, puzzles the will, And makes us rather bear those ills we have <<<<<<精品资料》》》》》
哈姆雷特英文读后感
哈姆雷特英文读后感 第一篇：《哈姆雷特》英文读后感 shakspere created hamlet--a man with wisdom and courage .in order to revenge on his uncle for killing his father, he pretented to be mad and suffered a series of misery. on the contrary, we can also say that hamlet is rude and selfish for he did not think twice before his revenge . if a country has no king, how can a country keep alive so, every thing has two sides, the bright side and adumbral side. every time we make a decision we have to think twice. ment: be careful with your spelling, grammar, and punctuation. too many uncessary mistakes. it is good that you looked at both the dark and bright sides of hamlet. thats quite objective and convincing. 第二篇：哈姆雷特的英文读后感 读后感 as one of four of shakespeare's most famous tragedies, in my view of hamlet is one of the most classic one. he was there all the tragic prince who had assembled at the poor. father was his uncle killed, mother remarry, was still married under a horizontal bar in front of carriage for armrest of his father's enemy, unfortunately died after lover crazy, finally together with his friends, mothers in this tragedy, was pletely engulfed. this series is derived from the desire of the tragedy and hatred. uncle's greed and desire made him contrary to justice these cults undertake irrational things, also attracted its own nephews could not be devoid of hatred, but also unable to avoid the curse of the seeds of their own destiny, until finally breaking up. but what about the little prince, in deep sorrow because of father's death, because of his father's ghost and the initiation of thoughts of revenge. so step by step plan, wants revenge for the father to their own, but tried again protection of his mother, but never thought about the accident continues, mothers, lovers, friends, they will be lost. shakespeare seems to use this text as the world reveal terrible hatred, it is a double-edged sword, a very sharp, also full of