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非谓语动词用法详解动词的非谓语形式有三种

非谓语动词用法详解动词的非谓语形式有三种:不定式、动名词和分词(一)不定式不定式由“ to十动词原形”构成，其否定形式是“ not to do”.不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化.不定式可作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语，但不能单独作谓语.不定式的逻辑主语有时用“ for十名词或代词宾格”构成. 1.不定式的用法: l)作主语.不定式短语作主语时，往往放在谓语之后，用it作形式主语.例如: To se e is to believe. It is right to give up smoking. 2)作宾语.不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语。往往把不定式宾语放在宾语补足语之后，而用it作形式宾语.例如: He wanted to go. I find it interesting to study work with him. 3)作宾语补足语.例如: He asked me to do the work with him. 注意:在feel，hear，listen to，look at，notice, observe，see，watch，have, let，make等词后的补足语中，不定式不带to.但是这些句子如果变成被动结构时，就必须带to.例如I often hear him sing the song. He is often heard to sing the song. 注意:不定式动词在介词but，except，besides后面时，如果这些介词之前有行为动词do的各种形式，那么，这些介词后的不定式不带to，否则要带to.如: She could do nothing but cry. What do you like to do besides swim? I have n o choice but to go. 4)作定语.例如: I have some books for you to read. 注①作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词.例如: He is looking for a room to live in. There is nothin g to worry about. Please give me a knife to cut with. 但是，不定式所修饰的名词如果是time，place或way，不定式后面的介词习惯上要省去.例如: He had no money and no place to live. 注②当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时，不定式既可以用主动语态，也可用被动语态，但其含义有所不同.试比较: A) Have you an ything to send? 你有什么东西要寄吗? (不定式to send的动作执行者是you) B) Have you anything to be sent? 你有什么要(我或别人)寄的东西吗? (不定式to be sent的动

作执行者是已被省略的me或someone else) 5)作状语，表示目的、原因、结果或条件.

例如: I came here to see you.(目的) We were very excited to hear the news.(原因) He hurried to the school to find nobody there.(结果) To look at him, you would lik e him.(条件) 目的状语还可以用in order to或so as to来表示.如: In order to pass th e exam, he worked very hard. We ran all the way so as not to be late. 不定式也

可在作表语用的形容词后面作状语.例如: I am very glad to hear it. The question is dif ficult to answer. “ too十形容词或副词十不定式”作状语.例如: He is too old to do that.另外句子中有enough这个词时，常用不定式作状语.例如: The room is big enough to hold us. 6)作表语.例如: My job is to help the patient. 7)作独立成分.例如: To tell the truth，I don’t agree with you. 8)不定式与疑问词who，which，when，where，how，what等连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语等.例如: He didn’t know wha t to say.(宾语) How to solve the problem is very important.(主语) My question is w hen to start. (表语) 注意:在与why连用时，只用于why或why not开头的简短疑问句中，后面紧跟的动词不定式不带to. 例如: Why not have a rest? 9)不定式在句中用主动

式还是被动式。多数情况下是容易判别的，但有时的确比较复杂，请注意以下几点: A)不定式修饰的名词或代词和不定式构成逻辑上的主谓关系时，不定式往往用主动形式. Have yo

u got a key to unlock the door? (A key unlocks the door.) B)不定式和它前面被修饰

的名词或代词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，又和该句主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系时，不定式常用主动形式. I have got a letter to write.( I write letter.) He needs a room to live in.( He lives in a room.) I know what to do.( I do what.) 但这句如改为下列形式，不定式

就得用被动形式: I know what is to be done. 这是因为what is to be done是宾语从句，从句中的主语what是动词do的动作对象C)不定式作表语形容词的状语，和句中主

语构成逻辑上的动宾关系时，不定式多用主动形式，这是因为人们往往认为形容词后省去了for one或for people.例如: He is hard to talk to.( to talk to him.) The book is diffi cult to understand. ( to understand the book.) 但如果强调句中的受事者时，亦可用不定式被动式，例如: The handwriting is very difficult to be read. The box is too heavy t

o be lifted. D)在“there十be” 的结构中，当说话人考虑的是必须有人去完成某件事时，

不定式用主动形式，如果说话人强调的是事情本身必须完成，则用被动形式. There is a l

ot of work to do. ( Somebody has to do the work.) There is a lot of work to be d one. ( The work has to be done.) 请注意下面两个句子的含义是不同的: There is not hing to do. 意为无事可做，感到十分乏味. There is nothing to be done.意为某东西坏了，无法使之恢复正常. 2.不定式的时态l)不定式的一般形式所表示的动作，通常与谓语的动作(状态)同时(或几乎同时)发生，或是在它之后发生.例如: I saw him go out. 2)如果谓语表

示的动作(情况)发生时，不定式表示的动作正在进行，这时不定式就要用进行式.例如: I a

m very glad to be working with you. 3)如果不定式的动作发生在谓语动词之前，就要用完成式.例如: I’m sorry to have kept you waiting. 3.不定式的语态当不定式逻辑上的主

语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般要用被动形式。例如: He asked to be sent to work in the countryside. It is possible for our hopes to be realized. (二)动名词1.动名词由动词+ ing构成;具有动词和名词的性质;在句中起名词作用，可作主语、宾语、表语和定语. 1)作主语.例如: Seeing is believing. Laying eggs is the ant queen’

s full- time job. It is no use arguing with him. 注意:动名词和不定式都可以作主语，动

名词作主语表示一般或抽象的多次性行为，不定式作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作.

例如: Playing with fire is dangerous.(泛指玩火) To play with fire will be dangerous. (指一具体动作) 但在It is no use/ good，not any use/ good，useless等后必需用动名词。2)作表语.例如: Her job is teaching. 3)作宾语.例如: He is fond of playing footbal l. I like swimming. 注①admit，appreciate，avoid，consider, delay, dislike，enjoy，e scape, excuse，face，feel. like，finish，forgive，give up, imagine，include，keep，m ention，mind，miss，practise，put off，resist, risk，suggest，can’t help，can’t stand(无法忍受)等动词后可以用动名词作宾语，但不能用不定式. 注②forget，go on，like，mea n，regret，remember，stop，try等动词可带动名词或不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别。I remember doing the exercise. (我记得做过练习.) I must remember to do it. (我必须

记着做这事.) I tried not to go there.(我没法不去那里.) I tried doing it again. (我试着

又干了一次.) Stop speaking. (不要讲话。) He stopped to talk. (他停下来讲话.) I mea n to come early today. (我打算今早些来.) Missing the train means waiting for anoth er hour.(误了这趟火车意味着再等一个小时.) 注③在allow，advise，forbid，permit等动词后直接跟动词作宾语时，要用动名词形式，如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，然后再跟动词作宾语补足语时，其宾语补足语用带to的不定式.例如: We don’t allow smoking here. We don' t allow students to smoke. 注④动词need，require，want作“需要”解，其后跟动词作它的宾语时，必须用动名词，或不定式的被动式.这时，动名词的主动式表示被动意义.例如: The window needs( requires，wants) cleaning( to be cleaned) 注⑤在短语devote to，look forward to，stick to，to be used to，object to，thank you for，exc use me for，be( kept) busy，be worth，have difficulty/ trouble/ problem (in)，have a good/ wonderful/ hard time(in)，there’s no use/good/ need，feel/ look/seem/ like/get down to等后的动词也必须用动名词形式.例如: I look forward to hearing from you so on. 注⑥在love，hate，prefer等动词后用动名词或不定式无多大区别。但说话人有所指的时候，通常用不定式。注⑦start，begin，continue在书面语中多后接动名词，在口语中多后接不定式。注⑧在should(would) like/ love等后须用不定式。4)作定语.例如: He ha s a reading room. 2.动名词的复合结构动名词的复合结构由形容词性的物主代词或人称代词的宾格，名词所有格或普通格加动名词构成.在句子开头必须用名词所有格或形容词性的物主代词.例如: His coming made me ve ry happy. Mary’s crying annoyed him. Sh

e didn’t mind his crying. Is there any hope o

f Xiao Wang’s winning. 3.动名词的时态和语态. l)动名词的时态动名词的时态分一般式和完成式两种，如果动名词的动作没有明确地表示出时间是与谓语动词同时发生或在谓语动作以前发生，用动名词的一般式.例如: We are interested in playin

g chess. His coming will be of great help to us. 如果动名词的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，通常用动名词的完成时态。例如: I’m sorry for not having kept my promise. 但是在某些动词或词组后，常用动名词的一般形式，尽管其动作是在谓语所表示的动作之前发生的.例如:主语是这个动名词表示的动作的对象时，动名词用被动语态.被动语态由“ being十过去分词”或“ having been十过去分词”构成。后一种一般避免使用.例如: He likes being helped. He was afraid of being left at home. 注:在to be wort

h doing句型中，动名词doing表示的是被动意义.例如: The book is wort h reading. (三)分词1.分词的时态和语态l)分词分为现在分词和过去分词。现在分词有一般式和完成式.一般式表示和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生的行为;完成式(having十过去分词)表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作.例如: Being a student，he was inter ested in books. Having studied in the university for 3 years, he knows the way ver y well. 2)现在分词有一般式和完成式，且有主动语态和被动语态，当句子的主语是分词动作的承受者时，分词用被动语态，如果要强调分词的动作先于谓语动作，就用分词完成式的被动形式.例如: The question being discussed is important: Having been criticized by the teacher，L

i Ming gave up smoking. 过去分词表示在谓语动词之前发生的动作，本身有被动的含义，所以只有一般式没有完成式. 2.分词的用法l)作定语分词短语做定语时，放在被修饰的名词之后;单个分词做定语时，放在被修饰的名词之前.例如: The man standi

ng by the window is our teacher. The excited people rushed into the building. 注意:现在分词作定语时，它表示的动作是正在进行或与谓语动词所表示的动作几乎同时发生，如果两个动作有先有后，一般不能用现在分词作定语，而要用定语从句。例如: The teacher criticized the student who had broken the window. 现在分词作定语的差异: 现在分词

在句中作定语时，不仅存在前置与后置的区别，而且存在状态、时间与形式上的差异。为了帮助大家分清这些差异，更好地掌握现在分词的用法，现在分别论述如下。一、状态差异

现在分词作定语明显存在状态差异。一般来讲，前置的现在分词静感强。而后置现在分词动感强。学习时要注意体会这一点。例1:The labouring people are the wisest. 例2:The farmers labouring here are not afraid of snakes. 能前置的现在分词为数不太多，常见

的大都是已被形容词化了的现在分词。这一点主要表现在有些现在分词前常有程度副词，有些现在分词甚至还有比较等级。例3: I have brought very exciting news to you. 例4: This is the most exciting story that I have ever read. 二、时间差异时间差异指现在

分词表示的动作发生的时间差异。有些现在分词作定语时表示正在进行的动作。这些现在分词若改为定语从句宜用进行时态。例5:Did you tell the children playing there not to make any noise? Did you tell the children who were playing there not to make any noise? 例6:The American president visiting China now will return on Saturday. Th

e American president who is visiting China now will return on Saturday. 有些现在分

词作定语时则表示经常性动作或现在(或当时)的状态。此类现在分词若改为定语从句宜用一般时态，而不宜用进行时态。若译成汉语也应注意体现这一点。例7:They stayed at a h otel standing by the lake. 例8:The temple standing on top of the hill was built in t he Ming Dynasty. 三、形式差异从形式来看，前置现在分词多为单个分词，而后置现在

分词多为短语。换句话说，若用现在分词作定语，单个分词要前置，分词短语要后置。但也不能绝对如此，要视情况而定。要是强调动感，即使是单个分词也应后置。例9:Look! Th

e girl singing is Alice and the one dancing is Mary. 从内容来讲，前置现在分词多为不及物动词，没有自己的宾语或状语。后置现在分词可带宾语或状语。有时前置现在分词也可有自己的宾语或状语，不过要置于分词前，且中间要有连词符号。当然，带比较级时除外。例10:Barking dogs seldom bite. 例11:The person translating the songs can speak seven languages. 例12:England and America are English-speaking countries. 值得

说明的是，现在分词的完成式与被动式一般都不能用作前置定语，只能作后置定语，使用时应慎重。例13:We must keep a secret of the things being discussed here. 2)作状语分词或分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、行为方式、伴随状况等。例如: Being

a student, I must study hard.(原因) While reading the book, he nodded from time t

o time.(时间) The teacher stood there surrounded by the students.(方式) 注:①分词

短语作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致. 注:②表示时间关系的分词短语有时可

由连接词while或when引出. 注:③有时“with( without)十名词(或代词宾格)十分词”的结构，表示伴随状况.例如: He lay half dead，with all his ribs broken. 注:④当分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语不同时:分词必须有自己的主语.例如: Time permitting, I will finish another lesson. 3)作表语.例如: The news is inspiring. The glass is broken. 4)作宾语补足语.

例如: We saw the teacher making the experiment. 注意:在see，hear，watch，feel，observe，have，listen to，notice等动词后，既可以用现在分词构成复合宾语，也可以用不定式构成复合宾语，但两者的含义是有差别的，用现在分词，表示动作正在发生，(即处于发生的过程中，还没有结束)，用不定式表示动作发生了，(即动作全过程结束了)。例如: I saw the girl getting on the tractor. I saw the girl get on the tractor and drive off. He had his clothes washed. (他叫别人洗了衣服) We had the fire burning all day. (我们使火燃烧了一整天)。注意:“ have十宾语十现在分词”表示主体使客体处于某状态或干什么事;“ have十宾语十过去分词”表示动作是别人做的或与主体意志无关.

工人在这次活动中起主要作用。

The boy hurt by the car was sent to the hospital immediately. 被汽车撞伤的小孩马上被送到了医院。 There is nothing interesting. 没什么有趣的事。

分词和动名词都可以作定语，判断是分词还是动名词，可以根据它们和被修饰词有无逻辑上的主谓关系来判断，有主谓关系的是分词，否则判断为动名词。 a swimming girl 游泳的女孩。（分词） a swimming pool 游泳的池子（动名词）

5.1.2分词作状语

Being a student, he likes to help others. 作为一个学生，他喜欢帮助别人。

Wearing a new pair of glasses, she can read easily. 戴了一副新眼镜，她看书就好多了。 She is there waiting for us. 她在那儿等我们呢。

Told by the teacher, she knew she was wrong. 经老师一说，她知道自己不对。

5.1.3分词作表语

The story is interesting . 故事有趣。

We are interested in computer. 我们对计算机感兴趣。 The glass is broken. 玻璃杯破了。 The water is boiled. 水是开的。

5.1.4分词作宾语补足语

可以跟宾语补足语的谓语动词有 see, watch, hear, set, keep, find, have, get 等词。 I saw him walking in the street. 我看见他在街上走。

I heard them singing in the classroom. 我听见他们在教室里唱歌。 We found the boy sleeping. 我们发现小孩睡着了。

have 后面的宾语补足语用过去分词常表示动作不是句子的主语发出的，而是由别人做的。 I have my hair cut.

我理发了。（是别人给我理发）

She has her bike repaired.

她把自行车修理了。（别人修理的） They have their house rebuilt. 他们重修了房子。

5.2 分词的否定形式。not + 分词

Not knowing what to do next, she stopped to wait. 不知道下一步干什么，她停下来等着。

Not having finished the homework, the little girl doesn't dare to go to school.

小女孩没完成作业不敢去学校。

5.3 分词的时态

分词的一般时表示动作同谓语动词的动作同时发生或之前发生。

Seeing the teacher is coming, the students stopped playing. 看到老师进来，学生们停下来不玩了。 Coming into the room, he lied on his bed. 回到家后，他就躺在床上。

分词的完成时表示的动作在谓语动词的前面发生。 Having received a latter, I knew everything is all right. 收到一封信后，我知道一切都很好。

Having had my supper, I went out for a walk. 晚饭后，我出去散步了。

Having known that he won the match, he threw the cap into the sky.

他知道自己比赛获胜，高兴地把帽子扔上了天。

5.4 分词的被动形式

分词的被动形式表示分词动作同所修饰的名词有一种被动关系。

The entertainment building being built will be completed next year.

正在建设的娱乐大楼明年完工。

1. Helen had to shout ________ above the sound of the music. A. making herself hear B. t o make herself hear C. making herself heard D. to make herself heard

2. Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures ________ in your mind instead of before your eyes.

A. to form

B. form

C. forming

D. having formed 3. The man insisted ________ a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby.

A. find

B. to find

C. on finding

D. in finding

4. The old man, ________ abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland.

A. to work

B. working

C. to have worked

D. having worked

5. You were silly not ________ your car.

A. to lock

B. to have locked

C. locking

D. having locked

6. Don’t leave the water ________ while you brush your teeth. A. run B. running C. b eing run D. to run

7. When flint ________ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.

A. introducing

B. introduced

C. introduce

D. being introduced

8. “We can’t go out in this weather,” said Bob, ________ out of the window.

A. looking

B. to look

C. looked

D. having looked

非谓语动词用法归纳语法

非谓语动词用法归纳一、表格的用法 1. doing 的用法（1）在要求动词后（作宾语）：avoid 避免appreciate 感激/欣赏acknowledge 承认/自认admit 承认advocate 提倡/ 主张consider 考虑can't help 不禁can't stand 受不了contemplate 细想complete 完成confess 坦白dislike 不喜欢，讨厌deserve 值得delay 延迟deny 否认dread 可怕defer 拖延detest 嫌恶enjoy 享有/喜爱envy 嫉妒endure 忍受excuse 借口escape 逃跑/ 逃避finish 完成forgive 原谅fancy 幻想/ 爱好favor 造成/ 偏爱figure 描绘/ 计算hate 讨厌imagine 设想involve 卷入/ 包含keep 保持miss 错过mention 说到/ 讲到mind 介意pardon 原谅/ 饶恕permit 允许postpone 推迟practice 实行/实践prevent 阻止quit 放弃停止risk 冒险recall 回想resist 抵抗/ 阻止resume 恢复repent 悔悟resent 怨恨stand 坚持/ 忍受suggest 建议save 营救/ 储蓄tolerate 忍受

worth 值得 You should try to avoid making mistakes. The book is worth reading. The book deserves reading. （2）表进行 Walking on the grassland, I saw a snake.=When I was walking on the grassland, I saw a snake. The man speaking English is Tom. = The man who is speaking English is Tom. （3）表主动 The man speaking English is Tom = The man who speaks English is Tom. = The man who spoke English is Tom. Nobody dinks boiling water but boiled water.= Nobody dinks water that is boiling but the water that has boiled. （4）表伴随 I stand outside waiting for Mr. Chen. I lie in bed reading a novel. （5）表性质；特点 The film is very moving. She is understanding, so you had better discuss your business with her. 6）概括性, 一般性 Climbing mountain is very interesting.

非谓语动词的三种形式

非谓语动词共分为三种，构成形式如下： 1.动词不定式(Infinitives)： 2.现在分词和过去分词(present participles & past participles): 3. 动名词(gerunds) 下面我们依据句子的成分，来具体分析非谓语动词的不同用法。 1.非谓语动词做主语和表语主语、表语和同位语在句子中用名词来担当，非谓语动词中动词不定式和动名词均可以用作名词，因此，动词不定式和动名词可以用来担当这三种成分。 1）非谓语动词做主语一般情况下，用动名词来做主语的情况比较多，动词不定式用作主语的情况比较少。通常来说，在表达将来的要发生的事情时用不定式来作主语，而表达一般情况习惯性的动作时用动名词来作主语。例如：Teaching is a tiring but satisfying job. Swimming is a good kind of exercise. To be an astronaut is Johnson’s desire. 在用it做形式主语的句子中通常用动词不定式来做真正的主语。例如：It is necessary (for you) to give up smoking. It is everyone’s duty to protect the environment.

但是值得注意的是在各别情况下，即使是It做形式主语，真正的主语也必须用动名词，这些情况很少，所以希望同学们能单独记忆下来，以下是此类情况的一个总结。 It is/was no use/good doing sth. It is/was not any use/good doing sth. It is/was of little use/good doing sth. 2)非谓语动词做表语非谓语动词作此成分的时候跟作主语时的规则基本一致。在表示“目的，愿望，梦想，需求”等名词做主语时其表语应该用不定式. 例如：Her wish was to become an artist.她的愿望是成为一位艺术家 Our aim is to help them，not to teach them a lesson.我们的目的是帮助他们，而不是教训他们。动名词做表语，表示抽象概念。动名词做表语一般用来表示“身份，职业”等.大部分时候主语与表语可以互换。例如：My job is teaching.(Teaching is my job.) 此外，还要注意主语与表语的一致性。例如：Seeing is believing.百闻不如一见。 To see is to believe.

非谓语动词用法讲解

非谓语动词讲解 1. 动词不定式（1）动词不定式的构成：不定式的基本形式为：to+动词原形，有时可以不用to，这里的to是不定式符号，本身无词义，动词不定式的否定形式是not+(to+)动词原形。（2）动词不定式的句法功能： 1)不定式作主语动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末，其结构为：It + be + adj. +(for/of sb.)+动词不定式。如： To learn English well is useful．→It is useful to learn English well．

学好英语很有用。 It’s important for us to protect the environment．保护环境对我们来说很重要。注意：在kind，good，nice，clever等表示人的品质的形容词后，不用for而用of。如： It’s very kind of you to help me．你帮助我真是太好啦。 It’s very clever of you to do like that．你那样做真是太聪明啦! 2)不定式作宾语 ①一些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语，常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望的，如：would like，like，want，wish，hope，decide，plan，expect等。如：Would you like to see a film this evening? 你今晚想去看电影吗? ②在find，think后跟不定式作宾语时，常用it代替，而将真正的宾语放在句末。如：I find it easy to read English every day．我发现每天读英语很容易。 ③常见的一些不带to的动词不定式 why not do...，why don’t you do...，had better(not) do...，would rather do，could/would/will you please(not) do... 如：I would rather stay in the room．我宁愿待在房间里。 3)不定式作宾语补足语不定式作宾语补足语时与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。如：tell，ask，want，allow，get，would like，encourage 后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。如：Lucy asked him to turn down the radio．露西让他关小收音机。 My mother encourages me to learn Japanese．我妈妈鼓励我学日语。注意：还有一些使役动词和感官动词也用不定式作宾补，这时不定式要省略to。这些动词有：一感(feel)、二听(hear，listen to)、三让(let，make，have)、四看(look at，see，watch，notice)，但变被动语态时，必须加上to。如：My friends were made to work the whole night by the boss．老板让我的朋友们工作了一整夜。 4)不定式作定语

动词非谓语形式用法精讲

词的非谓语形式有三种：不定式、动名词和分词． (一)不定式不定式由“ to十动词原形”构成，其否定形式是“ not to do”．不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化．不定式可作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语，但不能单独作谓语．不定式的逻辑主语有时用“ for十名词或代词宾格”构成． 1．不定式的用法： l)作主语．不定式短语作主语时，往往放在谓语之后，用 it作形式主语．例如： To see is to believe． It is right to give up smoking． 2)作宾语．不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语。往往把不定式宾语放在宾语补足语之后，而用 it作形式宾语．例如： He wanted to go． I find it interesting to study work with him. 3)作宾语补足语．例如： He asked me to do the work with him. 注意：在 feel，hear，listen to，look at，notice, observe，see，watch，have，let，make等词后的补足语中，不定式不带 to．但是这些句子如果变成被动结构时，就必须带 to．例如 I often hear him sing the song． He is often heard to sing the song．注意：不定式动词在介词 but，except，besides后面时，如果这些介词之前有行为动词 do 的各种形式，那么，这些介词后的不定式不带 to，否则要带 to．如： She could do nothing but cry. What do you like to do besides swim? I have no choice but to go． 4)作定语．例如： I have some books for you to read．注①作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词．例如： He is looking for a room to live in． There is nothing to worry about． Please give me a knife to cut with．但是，不定式所修饰的名词如果是 time，place或 way，不定式后面的介词习惯上要省去．例如： He had no money and no place to live. 注②当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时，不定式既可以用主动语态，也可用被动语态，但其含义有所不同．试比较： A) Have you anything to send? 你有什么东西要寄吗? (不走式 to send的动作执行者是 you) B) Have you anything to be sent? 你有什么要(我或别人)寄的东西吗?(不定式 to be sent的动作执行者是已被省略的 me

人教版英语非谓语动词的用法大全及解析百度文库

人教版英语非谓语动词的用法大全及解析百度文库一、非谓语动词 1．Young people are encouraged to work hard ____their own dreams. A. achieve B. achieves C. to achieve D. achieved 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：鼓励年轻人努力工作，实现自己的梦想。根据句意可知their own dreams是workhard的目的，常用动词不定式来表示目的，故选C。【点评】考查动词不定式的基本用法——作目的状语。 2．Our teacher often advises us the habit of making notes while reading. A. to develop B. develop C. to developing D. developing 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们的老师经常建议我们培养在阅读时做笔记的习惯。Advise sbto do sth建议某人做某事，所以选A。 3．—Julia, your mobile phone is ringing. —Wait a minute. It's dangerous ______ it while crossing the street. A. answering B. answer C. to answer 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：—-朱丽亚，你的手机响了。—等一下。过马路时接电话是危险的。It + be + adj. for （of） sb to do sth 某人做某事……，是固定句式，it是形式主语，不定式结构做真正主语。故选C。【点评】考查动词不定式做主语的句式。熟记此句式，并能熟练运用。 4． Whenever we kids come over, Auntie Susan just stands there and watches us ________ sure we don't break anything. A. make B. made C. to make D. making 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：无论什么时候我们这些孩子们来到这里，Susan姨妈只是站在那里，看着我们以确保我们不打破什么东西。此处是目的状语，故用动词不定式to make。watch sb do/doing sth看着某人做了/正在做某事，但是make sure的意思是“保证；确保”，在本句中不符合逻辑，故排除AD；watch sth done看着某事被做，也不符合句意，故选

非谓语动词用法归纳

否定形式: not +不定式,not + 动名词,not + 现在分词

1.不定式与动名词作主语得区别 (1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作;而不定式作主语表示具体动作。 smoking is prohibited(禁止)here.这里禁止抽烟。(抽象) it is not very good for you to smoke so much.您抽这么多烟对您身体很不好。(具体) (2)动名词作主语时,通常用以表示一件已知得事或经验。

不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成得事或目得。 climbing mountains is interesting.爬山很有趣。(经验) driving a car during the rush hour is tiring.在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(经验) (3)不定式做主语,一般用it当形式主语,把作主语得不定式短语后置。 it took me only five minutes to finish the job、动名词或不定式都可以在句中作主语,但在下列句型中常用动名词作主语。 it is / was no use / good + doing sth、 it is / was not any use / good + doing sth、 it is / was of little use / good + doing sth、 it is / was useless doing sth、 it is no use crying over spilt milk、覆水难收。 it is of little good staying up too late every day、每天都熬夜没有什么好处 2.不定式与动名词作宾语得区别英语中大多数动词既可跟不定式,也可跟动名词作直接宾语,但有些动词要求: (1)不定式做宾语与宾语补足语 1)下面得动词要求不定式做宾语 afford, agree, arrange, choose, decide, hope, expect, offer, plan, promise, determine, demand, manage, fail, prepare, refuse, pretend, seem 常跟不定式作宾语得动词歌诀: 三个希望两答应,两个要求莫拒绝, 设法学会做决定,不要假装在选择。 hope; wish; want ; agree; promise demand; ask; refuse manage; learn; decide pretend ; choose 想要拒绝命令,需要努力学习,期望同意帮助,希望决定开始。

英语中非谓语动词的三种形式和用法

英语中非谓语动词的三种形式和用法在谓语以外的句子成分中使用的动词一定要变词形(不能用动词原形)，把动词原形变成不定式、-ing式或者过去分词，所以我们把这三种动词形式称为非谓语动词。非谓语动词在保留动词特征(能带宾语、状语等)的同时，又兼有其他几种词类的特征，比如： 1.作主语、宾语时-兼有名词性质,相当于一个概念名词、意群(名词词组)或者名词性从句。相当于一个名词： Reading is great fun. 阅读很有趣。相当于一个意群： Reading extensively is very necessary. 广泛阅读是很必要的。相当于名词从句： For him to be dishonest is not easy. 让他变得不诚实可不容易。 2.作定语时-兼有形容语性质，相当于一个形容语、形容词词组或者定语从句(形容词性从句)。相当于一个形容词：

We love moving movies. 我们喜欢动人的电影。 There are some fallen leaves on the ground now. 现在地上有些落叶了。相当于一个形容词词组： China will be a highly developed country in dozens of years. 再过几十年中国将成为一个高度发达的国家。相当于一个形容词从句： She saw a small bird wounded in one wing. 她看见一只有个翅膀受伤的小鸟。作状语时-兼有副词性质，相当于一个副词、副词词组或者副词从句(状语从句)。相当于一个副词： She was happy to come. 她很高兴地来了。相当于一个副词词组： To be frank (frankly),I disagree with you. 坦率地说，我不同意你的话。相当于一个副词从句： Being late for class (=Because he was late for class), Tom was afraid to enter the classroom.

非谓语动词用法详解

非谓语动词用法详解动词的非谓语形式有三种：不定式、动名词和分词 (一)不定式不定式由“to十动词原形”构成，其否定形式是“not to do”．不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化．不定式可作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语，但不能单独作谓语．不定式的逻辑主语有时用“for十名词或代词宾格”构成． 1．不定式的用法： l)作主语．不定式短语作主语时，往往放在谓语之后，用it作形式主语．例如： To see is to believe． It is right to give up smoking． 2)作宾语．不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语。往往把不定式宾语放在宾语补足语之后，而用it作形式宾语．例如： He wanted to go． I find it interesting to study work with him. 3)作宾语补足语．例如： He asked me to do the work with him. 注意：在feel，hear，listen to，look at，notice, observe，see，watch，have, let，make等词后的补足语中，不定式不带to．但是这些句子如果变成被动结构时，就必须带to．例如 I often hear him sing the song． He is often heard to sing the song．注意：不定式动词在介词but，except，besides后面时，如果这些介词之前有行为动词do的各种形式，那么，这些介词后的不定式不带to，否则要带to．如： She could do nothing but cry. What do you like to do besides swim? I have no choice but to go．动词help之后，带to或不带to都可以。 Will you please help me (to) take this suitcase? 请你帮我提一下这个衣箱好吗？She often helps her mother (to) clean their house. 她经常帮助她妈妈打扫房子。 4)作定语．例如： I have some books for you to read．注①作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词．例如： He is looking for a room to live in． There is nothing to worry about．

非谓语动词用法归纳(语法)

一、表格的用法 1.doing 的用法（1）在要求动词后（作宾语）：avoid避免appreciate 感激/欣赏acknowledge承认/自认admit 承认advocate 提倡/主张consider 考虑can't help不禁can't stand受不了contemplate细想complete完成confess坦白dislike 不喜欢，讨厌deserve值得delay延迟deny否认dread可怕defer拖延detest嫌恶enjoy享有/喜爱envy嫉妒endure忍受excuse借口escape逃跑/逃避finish完成forgive原谅fancy幻想/爱好favor 造成/偏爱figure描绘/计算hate讨厌imagine设想involve卷入/包含keep保持miss错过mention说到/讲到mind 介意pardon原谅/饶恕permit允许postpone推迟practice 实行/实践prevent阻止quit放弃停止risk冒险recall回想resist抵抗/阻止resume恢复repent悔悟resent怨恨stand坚持/忍受suggest建议save营救/储蓄tolerate忍受worth值得You should try to avoid making mistakes. The book is worth reading. The book deserves reading. （2）表进行 Walking on the grassland, I saw a snake.=When I was walking on the grassland, I saw a snake. The man speaking English is Tom. = The man who is speaking English is Tom. （3）表主动 The man speaking English is Tom = The man who speaks English is Tom. = The man who spoke English is Tom. Nobody dinks boiling water but boiled water.= Nobody dinks water that is boiling but the water that has boiled. （4）表伴随 I stand outside waiting for Mr. Chen. I lie in bed reading a novel. （5）表性质；特点 The film is very moving. She is understanding, so you had better discuss your business with her. （6）概括性,一般性 Climbing mountain is very interesting. Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring．在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(概括性,一般性) Our work is serving the people．（7）动名词的逻辑主语为；①人称代词的所有格+动名词；②名词's+动名词。例如： Tom insisted on my going with them．他坚持要我和他们一起去。 He dislikes his wife's working late．他不喜欢他妻子工作得很晚。

英语非谓语动词用法详解

英语非谓语动词用法详解一、单项选择非谓语动词 1．The news said that the death toll in the tsunami in Indonesia had climbed over 400, with a lot more reported _________. A．to miss B．to have been missing C．having missed D．missing 【答案】B 【解析】【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：新闻报道称，印尼海啸造成的死亡人数已攀升至400多人，据报道还有更多人失踪。分析句子可知，be reported to do sth “被报道做某事”为固定短语，且在本句中被应用到with的复合结构中。本句中表示“be missing”发生在“report”之前，所以用动词不定式的完成时。故B选项正确。【点睛】动词不定式的时态和语态动词不定式有一般式、进行式、完成式、完成进行式四种时态变化形式，一般式和完成式有被动语态变化形式。 1）不定式的时态意义不定式的时态是以句中谓语动词的时间为依据的。 ①不定式的一般式不定式的一般式表示的动作或状态通常发生在谓语动词之后或同时发生 ②不定式的进行式不定式的进行式表示其动作正在进行，与谓语动词发生的动作同时进行。 ③不定式的完成式不定式的完成时表达下列意义： a. 不定式的完成式所表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。 b. 用在intended, expected, meant, hoped, promised, planned, wished, thought, desired, was, were等词后，不定式的完成式表示未曾实现的愿望、期待、想法、打算或计划等。to have + 过去分词表示动作， to have been表示状态。 C .用在seem, appear, thing, consider, believe等后，表示一个动作先于另一个动作发生。 ④不定式的完成进行式表示动作在谓语动词之前发生，而且一直进行着。 ⑤ come + 不定式表示一个动作发生的过程 He will come to understand it in the end.他最终会懂得的。分析句子可知，be reported to do sth “被报道做某事”为固定短语，且在本句中被应用到with的符合结构中。本句中表示“be missing”发生在“report”之前，所以用动词不定式的完成时。故B选项正确。 2．______in painting, John didn’t notice evening approaching. A．To absorb B．To be absorbed

非谓语动词的用法详解

非谓语动词非谓语动词有3种：不定式，动名词和分词。不定式不定式由“to do”构成，其否定式“not to do”。不定式可带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有语态的变化，不定式可作主，宾，定，状，补，表，不能单独作谓语。一. 不定式的用法 1 作主语 To see is to believe. It is right to give up smoking. 2 作表语 My job is to teach English. 3 作宾语 He wanted to go. I find it hard to work with him. 常见用不定式作宾语的动词: want, wish, like, decide, help, ask, agree, afford, arrange, care, determine, fail, guarantee, hesitate, hope, hurry, manage, offer, pretend, promise, seek, prepare, refuse, swear, expec t, plan, would like, make up one’s mind, be determined 4 作补语 He asked me to open the door. 常见用不定式作宾补的动词: advise, allow, permit, forbid, ask, beg, encourage, expect, force, get, invite, like, order, peruade, prefer, require, teach, tell, want, warn, wish, consider practice: * 在感官动词feel, hear, listen to, see, look, notice, watch, observe,和使役动词make, let, have等后的补语中，不定式不带to，但这些句子变成被动结构时，就必须带to I often hear him sing the song. He is often heard to sing the song. 5 作定语 He is looking for a room to live in. There’s nothing to worry about. 不定式作定语的用法： 6 作状语 I came here to see you. (表目的) in order to / so as to We were excited to hear the news. （表原因）

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非谓语动词的用法总结李靖非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、分词）不是真正意义上的谓语动词，在句中都不能单独作谓语。但都具有动词的某些特点，可以有自己的宾语或状语，构成非谓语动词短语。不定式表目的，表将来；动名词表主动，表进行；过去分词表被动，表完成。一．作主语( 动名词、不定式、过去分词前面加being, 动名词做主语谓语动词用单数) 1）不定式、动名词都可做主语，但是动名词做主语多指抽象的概念性的动作，可以是多次的经常的行为；不定式多表示具体的动作，尤其是某一次的动作。如： Playing with fire is dangerous. 玩火危险。（泛指玩火） To play with fire will be dangerous. 玩火会发生危险。 2）用动名词做主语的句型: It’s no use/no good/pleasure doing sth 做.......没有用处/好处/乐趣 It’s a waste of time doing sth 做.... 浪费时间 It is worth doing sth 值得做某事 It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收 It is worth making an appointment before you go. 去之前预约一下是值得的。 3）不定式做主语的句型. It is + adj +for sb to do sth. 比较：表示人的品质时只能用of sb 如considerate/kind/nice/foolish/stupid/rude/cruel /wise/clever/brave/selfish/crazy/good/careful/careless/impolite/right/wrong等单词出现时。 It is silly of you to say so. It is important for us to learn English well. It is a must/ a necessity for us to have a good command of the English language. 4) “Wh- + to 不定式”可做主语。如： When to leave hasn’t been decided yet.什么时候动身还没定呢。 Whether to drive or take the train is still a problem.是自驾车还是乘火车仍是一个问题。 5）一般情况下，不定式和动名词作主语，谓语动词一般用单数形式。如： Seeing is believing.= To see is to believe 眼见为实。 . Planting flowers needs constant watering. 但and连接的多个动名词作主语，谓语动词大多用复数（如果前后动名词的语义一致，谓语一般用单数）。如：Lying and stealing are immoral. 说谎与盗窃是不道德的。 6) 动名词前面可以加上形容词性物主代词构成动名词的复合结构。如： ----- What made him angry? ------ Mary’s /My/His/Her /Their/ The boy’s/ The president’s being late（made him angry. 7being，构成动名词，做主语。如： . Being examined twice a year , driver must obey in this city. 经典练习：

高考英语非谓语动词用法总结(完整)

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非谓语动词及不定式的用法详解

非谓语动词在英语中，不是用作句子的谓语而是担任其它语法功能的动词叫非谓语动词。非谓语动词有3种：不定式，动名词和分词。不定式不定式由“to do”构成，其否定式“not to do”。不定式可带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有语态的变化，不定式可作主，宾，定，状，补，表，不能单独作谓语。一. 不定式的用法 1 作主语 To see is to believe. It is right to give up smoking. 2 作表语 My job is to teach English. 3 作宾语 He wanted to go. I find it hard to work with him. We could do nothing but wait. We have no choice but to wait. can’t choose but do, can’t help but do, can’t but do 常见用不定式作宾语的动词: want, wish, like, decide, help, ask, agree, afford, arrange, care, determine, fail, guarantee, hesitate, hope, hurry, manage, offer, pretend, promise, seek, prepare, refuse, swear, expect, plan, would like, make up one’s mind, be determined 4 作补语 He asked me to open the door. 常见用不定式作宾补的动词: advise, allow, permit, forbid, ask, beg, caue, encourage, expect, force, get, invite, like, order, peruade, prefer, require, teach, tell, want, warn, wish, consider practice: *在感官动词feel, hear, listen to, see, look, notice, watch, observe, overhear（偷听）和使役动词make, let, have等后的补语中，不定式不带to，但这些句子变成被动结构时，就必须带to I often hear him sing the song. He is often heard to sing the song. 5 作定语 He is looking for a room to live in. There’s nothing to worry about. 但不定式所修饰的名词如果是time, place或way, 不定式后面的介词习惯上要省去。

非谓语动词用法详解 动词的非谓语形式有三种

最新英语非谓语动词用法总结(完整)