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be to do 的八种用法

be to do 的八种用法
be to do 的八种用法

be to do的八种用法

一、表示坚决的命令,可译为“必须”。

1. This naughty boy is to stay here until the class is over. 这个淘气的男孩必须在这里站到下课。

2. No one is to enter this building without the permission of the security guard. 未经保安人员的允许,任何人都不得进入这栋楼。

二、表示“计划”或“安排的事项”。

3. Betty is to be married soon.贝蒂很快就要结婚了。

4. An insurance agent is to meet us this afternoon. 今天下午会有一个保险代理人来跟我们见面。

三、表示“可能性”。

5. Are you to pay the debt for your wife? 你会不会帮你的妻子还债?

6. The lovely puppy is nowhere to be found. 哪儿也找不到这只可爱的小狗。

四、表示“意图”“决心”或“打算”。

7. If you are to be there on time, you had better hurry.要想准时到达那儿,你最好快点。

8. If all of us are to remain friendly, we must be sincere with one another. 要想保持友谊,我们都必须真诚相待。

五、表示“应该”。

9. You have done so well. You are to be rewarded.你做得很好,你应该受到奖赏。

10. Such nasty questions are to be avoided. 应该避免这种下流的问题。

11. You are to call the police. 你应该报警。

六、表示“注定”“不可避免”“必然会发生”。

12. Anne was wondering what was to become of her boy friend, Tommy. 安妮不知道她的男朋友托米会出什么事。

13. The murderer was sentenced to life imprisonment and was never to see his family again. 杀人犯被判终身监禁并且永远不能和家人见面。

14. She did not think too much of her unkind acts. However, they were to be harmful to herself, too.她对她不友好的行为并没有想太多,然而,这些行为必将给她带来不利。

15. Tom wasn't worried about his head injury, but it was to be troublesome for him later. 汤姆并不担心他头部的损伤,但是以后这损伤必将给他带来麻烦。

16.You are to answer for what you have done. 你必将为你所做的事承担后果。

七、用于虚拟语气,表示一种假设。

17. If I were to do it, I would do it well. 这件事如果我来做,我会做好它。

18. Even if you were to take a taxi now, you would not be able to arrive at your destination on time.你现在即使坐出租车,你也不会准时到达目的地的。

八、有“期待将来”的含意。

19. The actual usefulness of the newly invented equipment is still to be determined.这种新发明出来的设备的实用性如何还有待观察。

20. Henry's appointment with the accountancy firm is yet to be confirmed.亨利与这家会计事务所的约定还有待确认。

Exercises:

1.This film _____ this Sunday.

A. is going to show

B. is showing

C. is to be shown

D. will have been show

2.The students were told that they ____ at the school gate at 2:00 the following afternoon.

A. met

B. will meet

C. were to meet

D. were met

3. The house ______ ready today but as there has been a builders’ strike it is still only half finished.

A. is

B. was to be

C. was

D. was to have been

4.In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered if they _________.

A. have survived

B. are to survive

C. would survive

D. will survive

5.How _______ I ______ what has become of him?

A. am; to know

B. am; knowing

C. was; to know

D. will; know

6. ______ he ________ tomorrow, I would go to meet him at the station.

A. Were; to come

B. Was; coming

C. Did; come

D. Would; come

Keys: CCDBAA

初中不定式todo的用法

初中不定式todo的用法

1. 不定式的用法------1.1 不定式作主语 不定式作主语,往往用it作形式主语,真正的主语不定式放至句子的后面。 例如:It's so nice to hear your voice. 听到你的声音真高兴。 It's necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it. 不用车的时候,锁车是有必要的。 It's very kind of you to help us. 他帮助我们,他真好。 It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything. 他不给他们任何东西,这显得太自私了。 但是,用不定式作主语的句子中还有一个不定式作表语时,不能用It is… to…的句型。另外,这样的句子,不能用动名词作表语。例如: (对)To teach is to learn. (错)It is to learn to teach. (错)To teach is learning. (错)Teaching is to learn. 典型例题 The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to ___. A. sit B. sit on C. be seat D. be sat on 答案:B. 如果不定式为不及物动词,其后应有必要的介词。当动词与介词连用时,常位于"形容词+动词不定式"结构的末尾。 1.1.1 不定式做主语It's for sb/It's of sb to do sth 这样的句子中,由于表语形容词性质的不同,导致了不定式逻辑主语标志用for或of 的区别。 1)for sb.句型中的形容词一般为表示事物的特征特点,表示客观形式的形容词,如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等:例如: It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。

todo与doing的区别

--- to do与doing的区另U 一般情况下,to do 是一般将来式,是打算去做什么(未做);doing是现在进行式,是现在正在做什么,或(此事已做过或已发生、正做) like to do 和like doing 的用法有什么区别 简单的记忆方法。当表示喜欢,用like doing ,如:He likes cooking in his house. She likes singing. 表示爱好。 当表示想要,欲做某事(但还没进行)用like to do ,例如:He likes to cook in his house.- 他想在自己家做饭吃。 She likes to stay with us.- 她想和我们带一块儿。(但还没进行) 2 forget doin g/to do forget to do 忘记要去做某事。(未做) forget doing 忘记做过某事。(已做) The light in the office is stil on. He forgot to turn it off. 办公室的灯还在亮着,它忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作) He forgot turning the light off. 他忘记他已经关了灯了。(已做过关灯的动作) Don't forget to come tomorrow. 别忘了明天来。(to come动作未做) 3 remember doin g/to do remember to do 记得去做某事(未做) remember doing 记得做过某事(已做) Remember to go to the post office after school. 记着放学后去趟邮局。 Don't you remember see ing the man before? 你不记得以前见过那个人吗? 感官动词 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel +doing表示动作的连续性,进行性 I saw him working in the garden yesterday. (强调”我见他正干活”这个动作) 昨天我见他正在花园里干活。

be going to的用法

一、be going to 的用法点拨 be going to 是一种固定结构,它后面要接动词原形,用来表示按计划或安排要发生的动作,有时也可以表示推测将要或肯定会发生的动作,有"准备;打算"的意思。含有be going to 结构的句子中往往有表示将来的时间状语。例如: We are going to have a class meeting this afternoon.今天下午我们打算开班会。(安排) Look at the black clouds. It's going to rain.看那些乌云,快要下雨了。(推测) 二、be going to 在肯定句中的形式 be going to 结构中的助动词be很少用原形,它一般有三种形式,即:am , is , are 。当主语是I 时用am ;当主语是第三人称单数时用is;当主语是其他人称时用are。例如: I am going to buy something tomorrow morning.明天早上我要去买些东西。 She is going to see Mr. Wang this afternoon.她打算今天下午去看望王先生。 三、含be going to 的句子变否定句和一般疑问句的变法 由于句子中有助动词be,因此be going to 的否定句和一般疑问句的构成很容易,即在be (am, is, are) 的后面加上not 就构成了否定句;把be (am, is, are) 放到句首,在句末加问号就构成了一般疑问句,其答语为:Yes, 主语+ am/is/are. / No, 主语+ isn't/aren't. / No, I'm not.不过I am... 在改为一般疑问句时常常改为"Are you ....?"。例如: They are going to see the car factory next week. (肯定句) They are not going to see the car factory next week. (否定句) -Are they going to see the car factory next week? -Yes, they are. (No, they aren't.) (一般疑问句及其回答) 四、使用be going to 应注意的两点 1. There be 句型的be going to 结构为:There is / are going to be... (注意句型中going to 后面的be不能改为have。) 常用来表示将有某事发生。例如: There is going to be a football match next Saturday in our school.下周六我们学校将有一场足球比赛。 2. come, go, leave, arrive等表示位置移动的动词常用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作,它们很少与be going to 结构连用。例如: Miss Sun is coming tonight.今晚孙小姐要来。

doing,todo,do的用法

一.To do形式 afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事 agree to do sth. 同意做某事 arrange to do sth.安排做某事 ask to do sth. 要求做某事 beg to do sth. 请求做某事 care to do sth. 想要做某事 choose to do sth. 决定做某事 decide to do sth. 决定做某事 demand to do sth. 要求做某事 expect to do sth. 期待做某事 fear to do sth. 害怕做某事 help to do sth. 帮助做某事 hope to do sth. 希望做某事 learn to do sth. 学习做某事 manage to do sth. 设法做某事 offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 plan to do sth. 计划做某事 prepare to do sth. 准备做某事 pretend to do sth. 假装做某事 promise to do sth. 答应做某事 refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 want to do sth. 想要做某事 wish to do sth. 希望做某事 happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事 struggle to do sth. 努力做某事 advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 ask sb. to do sth.请(叫)某人做某事bear sb. to do sth.忍受某人做某事 beg sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事cause sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事drive sb. to do sth .驱使某人做某事elect sb. to do sth. 选举某人做某事encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事 get sb. to do sth. 使(要)某人做某事hate sb. to do sth. 讨厌某人做某事 help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事

可用虚拟语气的用法总结

虚拟语气的用法总结 语气:语气是动词的一中形式,它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。 虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望,假设或推测等。如If I were you, I should study English. 一.虚拟语气在条件从句的用法 条件句有两类,一类是真实条件句;一类是非真实条件句,也就是虚拟条件句。 如果假设的情况是有可能发生的,就是真实条件句,谓语要用陈述语气。如If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. 如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的,或将来不大可能发生的,则是虚拟条件句。如If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中,主句 If her mother had taken the doctor’s advice, she would/might have got well earlier. If it were to rain tomorrow, the match would be canceled. 有时候省略if,采用局部倒装语序。把had /should/were 等动词(不包括行为动词)移到从句的句首。例如: Were it to rain tomorrow, our picnic would be canceled. Had it not been for the storm, we would have arrived in time. Should the earth stop running, what would happen? 二. 错综时间条件句 有时条件从句的动作和主句动作发生的时间不一致,这时需要根据意思采用表示不同时间的动词形式来进行调整。 If she had taken the doctor’s advice, she might still be alive. If I were you, I would have accepted their terms. 三.含蓄条件句

begoingto的用法

be going to的用法 一、be going to 的用法 be going to是一种固定结构,它后面要接动词原形,用来表示按计划或安排要发生的动作,有时也可以表示推测将要或肯定会发生的动作,有"准备;打算"的意思。含有be going to 结构的句子中往往有表示将来的时间状语。例如:We are going to have a class meeting this afternoon. 今天下午我们打算开班会。(安排) Look at the black clouds. It's going to rain. 看那些乌云,快要下雨了。(推测) 二、be going to 在肯定句中的形式 be going to 结构中的助动词be很少用原形,它一般有三种形式,即:am , is , are 。当主语是 I 时用am ;当主语是第三人称单数时用is;当主语是其他人称时用are。例如: I am going to buy something tomorrow morning. 明天早上我要去买些东西。 She is going to see Mr. Wang this afternoon. 她打算今天下午去看望王先生。 三、使用be going to 应注意的两点 1.There be 句型的be going to 结构为:There is / are going to be... (注意句型中going to 后面的be不能改为have。) 常用来表示将有某 事发生。例如: There is going to be a football match next Saturday in our school. 下周六我们学校将有一场足球比赛。 https://www.docsj.com/doc/751433921.html,e, go, leave, arrive等表示位置移动的动词常用现在进行时表示 将要发生的动作,它们很少与be going to 结构连用。例如: Miss Chan is coming tonight. 今晚陈小姐要来。

need的三种用法,如needtodosth

need的三种用法,如needtodosth need”作为情态动词的用法 一、need表示“需要”或“必须”,通常用于否定句,疑问句,条件句.例如:1.You needn't do it again.你不需要重复做 了.2.He needn't worry about it.这件事他无需担心.3.Need he do this homework first?他需要先做这些作业吗?4.Need they fill in the form?他们需要填表吗?二、在否定句中,可以用need的否定形式+不定式完成体.例如:1.We needn't have worried.其实我们不必要慌.2.You needn't have mentioned it.你本来不必提起这件事.3.You needn't have said that when he asked.当他问的时候,你其实不必要说.三、needn't后的不定式间或也能用进行式或被动语态.例如:1.He needn't be standing in the rain.他不必要站在雨中.2.We needn't be waiting in this place.我们不必要在这儿等.3.The hedges needn't be trimmed thisweek.本周树蓠不必要整修.四、其一般疑问句的答语,肯定用must,否定用needn't.Need I go with her?我需要和他一起去吗?Yes,you must.是的,你需要去.No,you needn't.不,你不必去. 编辑本段“need”作为实义动词时,通常用法是 人+need +to do 物+need +doing 物+need +to be done 例如:The room needs cleaning = The room needs to

todoanddoing用法

加to do 的动词 attempt企图enable能 够 neglect忽视afford负担得 起 demand要求long渴 望 arrange安排destine注 定 mean意欲,打算begin开 始 expect期望omit忽略,漏 appear似乎,显得determine决定manage设 法cease停止 hate憎恨,厌恶pretend假装 ask问dread害 怕 need需要agree同 意

desire愿望love 爱 swear宣誓volunteer志愿 wish希望bear承 受 endeavor努力offer提 供 beg请求fail不 能 plan计划 bother扰乱;烦恼forget忘 记 prefer喜欢,宁愿care关心,喜欢happen碰 巧prepare准 备decide决 定learn学 习 regret抱歉,遗憾choose选择hesitate犹 豫profess表明

claim要求hope希 望 promise承诺,允许start开始undertake承 接want想要 consent同意,赞同intend想要refuse拒 绝decide决定 learn学习vow起contrive设法,图谋incline有…倾向propose提议seek 找,寻觅 try试图 2)下面的动词要求不定式做宾补:动词+宾语+动词不定式 ask要求,邀请get请,得 到 prompt促使allow允 许 forbid禁止prefer喜欢,宁愿announce宣 布force强

迫 press迫使bride 收 买 inspire鼓舞request请求 assist协助hate憎 恶 pronounce断定,表示advise 劝告exhort告诫,勉 励pray请求 authorize授权,委托help帮 助recommend劝告,推荐bear容 忍implore恳 求remind提醒 beg请求induce引 诱 report报告compel强 迫 invite吸引,邀请,summon传 唤command命 令intend想要,企

begoingto的用法(作业及答案)

一、单选be going to 的用法 (作业) discuss the plan, shall we? ( )1. —Let’s —Not now. I to school to meet Tom. A. go B. went C. am going D. was going ( )2. What are you going this weekend? A. do B. to do C. doing D. to doing ( )3. I swimming tomorrow. A. went B. am going to go C.go D. am going to going ( )4. There a concert on Qixing Square next Monday evening. A.is B. is going to C. is going to be D. is have ( )5. a big party in our school in two weeks. A. It is B. It be C. There was D. There is going to be 二、用所给动词的适当形式填空 6.Jim and Li Lei _ (watch) the football match this evening. 7. they (go) fishing this Friday afternoon? 8.—What you (do) tomorrow morning? —I’m(see) my grandparents. 三、完成句子 9.We are going to play ping-pong on Saturday. (改为一般疑问句并 作否定回答) —going to play ping-pong on Saturday? 10.They are going to meet in the park. (就划线部分提问) 11.They are going to clean the classroom tomorrow. (就划线部分提问) they going tomorrow? 12.When is he going to take a trip? (tomorrow) (根据提示进行回答)

betodosth的几种用法

be + to do sth.的用法 1.表示按计划或安排要做的事。例如: When are you to leave for home你什么时候回家 She is to be married next month.她将于下个月结婚。 The Queen is to visit Japan in a week's time.女王将于一周后访问日本。 这种结构也可用于过去。was / were to do sth. 表示曾经计划要做的事,但不表明计划是否被执行,或表示“命运(即命中注定要发生的事)”,而非计划;was / were to have done sth.表示未曾实现的计划。例如: I felt nervous because I was soon to leave home for the first time.我感到很紧张,因 为我很快就要首次离开家了。 They said goodbye, little knowing that they were never to meet again.他们告了别, 不知道以后再也不会见面了。 We were to have told you, but you were not in.我们本来想告诉你的,但是你不在家。 2.表示“应该”,相当于should, ought to。例如: You are to report to the police.你应该报警。 What is to be done应该怎么办呢 3.表示“必须”,相当于must, have to。例如: The letter is to be handed to him in person.这封信必须亲手交给他。 You are to do your homework before you watch TV.看电视之前你得先做完作业。4.表示“想,打算”,相当于intend, want。例如: If we are to be there before ten, we'll have to go now.如果我们要在十点前到,我们现在就得走。 5.用于第一人称疑问句,表示征求对方意见。例如: Am I to go on with the work要我继续完成这项工作吗 What are we to do next我们下一步该怎么办 6.用于否定句,表示“禁止”,相当于mustn't。例如: The books in this room are not to be taken outside.这个室内的书籍不得带出室外。You are not to smoke in the reading-room.你不可以在阅览室里吸烟。 7.表示“可以,可能”,相当于may, can。例如: The news is to be found in the evening paper.这条消息可以在晚报上见到。 Such people are to be found everywhere.这种人到处都有。 She is nowhere to be found.在哪里也找不着她。 to do sth.用于if或even if / even though从句中,表示对未来的假设。例如: If I were to tell you that I killed him, would you believe me要是我告诉你是我杀了

常见的todo与doing

常见的“to do”与“doing”现象 有些动词后既可接to do,也可接doing,它们后接to do与doing在意思上有时有较大的差别。因为它们也是中考的常考点之一,因而我们应该搞清楚它们的区别。 1. stop to do/stop doing sth。 解析:stop to do sth.意为“停下来(正在做的事)去做(另外的)某事”,to do sth.在句中作目的状语。而stop doing sth.意为“停止做(正在做的)某事”。如Mary stopped to speak to me.玛丽停下(手头的工作)来跟我讲话。 When the teacher came in. the students stopped talking.老师进来时,学生们停止讲话。 2. remember to do/remember doing sth 解析:remember to do sth.意为“记住要去做某事”(还没有做)。而remember doing sth.意为“记得(已经)做过某事”如: Please remember to send the letter for me.请记住为我发这封信。 I don’t remember eating such food somewhere.我不记得在哪里吃过这种食物 3. forget to do/forget doing sth 解析:forget to do sth.意为“忘记做某事”(动作还没有发生)。而forget doing sth.意为“忘记做过某事”(动作已发生)。如: Don’t forget to bring your photo here.别忘了把你的相片带来。 I have forgotten giving the book to him.我忘记我已把书给了他。 4. go on to do/go on doing sth 解析:go on to do sth.意为“做完一件事,接着做另外一件事”,两件事之间有可能有某种联系。而go on doing sth.意为“继续做下去”。如: After reading the text, the students went on to do the exercises.学生们读完课文后,接着做练习。 It’s raining hard, but the farmers go on working on the farm.虽然天正下着大雨,但农民们继续在农场干活。 5. try to do/try doing sth 解析:try to do sth.意为“尽力去做某事”,而try doing sth.意为“(用某一种办法)试着去做某事”。如: Try to come a little early next time, please.下次请尽量早点来。 You can try working out the problem in another way.你可以试试用其它的方法解答这道题目。 6. can’t help to do/can’t help doing sth 解析:can’t help to do为动词不定式结构;can’t help doing sth.意为“身不由己地去做某事”或“情不自禁地去做某事。”如: We can’t help to finish it.我们不能帮忙完成此事。 I couldn’t help laughing when I saw her strange face.当我看到她奇怪的脸时,我情不自禁地笑了。 7. hear sb. do/hear sb. doing sth 解析:hear sb. do sth.意为“听见某人做某事”,指听到了这个动作的全过程;hear sb. doing sth.意为“听到某人做某事”,指听到时候,这个动作正在发生。如: I often hear him sing in the classroom.我经常听见他在教室里唱歌。 Do you hear someone knocking at the door?你听见有人在敲门吗? 应该说明的是:和hear的用法一样的还有see、watch、notice等。

be going to 句型的用法

be going to 句型的用法 1. 意义:be going to是"一般将来时"的一种表现形式,表示将 来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态,意思为"打算,将要"。 其中"be"会根据主语的人称变化成"is,am,are"等形式。"to"跟在它后面的动词必须是动词原形。通常和tomorrow, this evening(week/ year…), next week(Sunday…)等连用 2. 结构:主语+be(am/is/are)+going to+动词原形 (系动词(am/is/are)的用法:我(I)用am,你(you)用are, is 连着他(he)她(she)它(it),凡是复数都用are) 3.肯定句:主语+be(am/is/are)+going to +动词原形 A.He is going to buy a book after school. B. I am going to climb mountains. 4.否定句:在系动词(am/is/are)后+not A. He isn’t going to buy a book after school. 5.一般疑问句:Be+主语+going to +动词原形(把系动词提到主语前面) A.Is he going to buy a book after school? -----No, he isn’t. B.Are you going to climb mountains? ------Yes, I am.(变一般疑问句时,第一人称变为第二人称) 6.特殊疑问句:疑问词+be +主语+going to +动词原形 He is going to have a picnic next Sunday. 下个星期天他打算去野餐。 ---What is he going to do next Sunday? ----When is he going to have a picnic?

betodo的八种用法

be to do的八种用法 一、表示坚决的命令,可译为“必须”。 1. This naughty boy is to stay here until the class is over. 这个淘气的男孩必须在这里站到下课。 2. No one is to enter this building without the permission of the security guard. 未经保安人员的允许,任何人都不得进入这栋楼。 二、表示“计划”或“安排的事项”。 3. Betty is to be married soon.贝蒂很快就要结婚了。 4. An insurance agent is to meet us this afternoon. 今天下午会有一个保险代理人来跟我们见面。 三、表示“可能性”。 5. Are you to pay the debt for your wife? 你会不会帮你的妻子还债? 6. The lovely puppy is nowhere to be found. 哪儿也找不到这只可爱的小狗。 四、表示“意图”“决心”或“打算”。 7. If you are to be there on time, you had better hurry.要想准时到达那儿,你最好快点。 8. If all of us are to remain friendly, we must be sincere with one another. 要想保持友谊,我们都必须真诚相待。 五、表示“应该”。 9. You have done so well. You are to be rewarded.你做得很好,你应该受到奖赏。 10. Such nasty questions are to be avoided. 应该避免这种下流的问题。 11. You are to call the police. 你应该报警。 六、表示“注定”“不可避免”“必然会发生”。 12. Anne was wondering what was to become of her boy friend, Tommy. 安妮不知道她的男朋友托米会出什么事。 13. The murderer was sentenced to life imprisonment and was never to see his family again. 杀人犯被判终身监禁并且永远不能和家人见面。 14. She did not think too much of her unkind acts. However, they were to be harmful to herself, too.她对她不友好的行为并没有想太多,然而,这些行为必将给她带来不利。 15. Tom wasn't worried about his head injury, but it was to be troublesome for him later. 汤姆并不担心他头部的损伤,但是以后这损伤必将给他带来麻烦。 16.You are to answer for what you have done. 你必将为你所做的事承担后果。 七、用于虚拟语气,表示一种假设。 17. If I were to do it, I would do it well. 这件事如果我来做,我会做好它。 18. Even if you were to take a taxi now, you would not be able to arrive at your destination on time.你现在即使坐出租车,你也不会准时到达目的地的。 八、有“期待将来”的含意。 19. The actual usefulness of the newly invented equipment is still to be determined.这种新发明出来的设备的实用性如何还有待观察。 20. Henry's appointment with the accountancy firm is yet to be confirmed.亨利与这家会计事务所的约定还有待确认。 Exercises:

虚拟语气用法总结讲课稿

虚拟语气用法总结

虚拟语气用法总结 朱世梅 新时代大学英语中针对虚拟语气的练习题较多,而学生们往往把握不好虚拟语气的正确使用,现将其用法总结如下: 一.虚拟语气在英语里主要用来表达: a. 非真实的情景,不可能发生的事,即某种与事实相反或难以实现的情况,或说话人主观愿望。 b. 与客观事实相反地情景,即强制性虚拟语气,表示建议、命令、劝告这一类的意思上,表示强烈的要求做到、必须做到这样的含义。 c. 虚拟语气的表达形式是通过动词的变化形式表达的,其特点是主从句时态的不一致,而且一般有明显得标志。 二.虚拟语气的考点为: 1.If 句型 (共有三种句型) 非真实条件句: a.与现在的事实相反:从句用一般过去时,主句的谓语用would (could, might) +动词原形 If I were Bill Gates, I would not work so hard every day. b.与过去的事实相反:从句用过去完成时,主句的谓语用would (could, might) +现在完成时 If I had gone to America when I graduated from middle school, I would have got my PhD degree. c.与将来的事实相反:从句用should (were to,did) + 动词原形,主句的谓语用would (could, might) +动词原形 If it should/were to snow tomorrow, I would go skiing.

注意:虚拟条件句的倒装虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were, should, 或had, 可将if省略,再把were, should或had 移到从句句首,实行倒装。 Eg: Should it rain, the crops would be saved. =Were it to rain, the crops would be saved. Eg:_____ to do the work, I should do it some other day. A. If were I B. I were C. Were I D. Was I 答案C. 在虚拟条件状语中如果有were, should, had这三个词,通常将if省略,主语提前, 变成 were, should, had +主语的形式。但在虚拟条件状语从句中,省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们可说 Were I not to do., 而不能说 Weren't I to do. d.混合条件句主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间,这时主,从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同,这叫做混合条件句。例如:条件句动作发生在过去,主句的动作发生在现在)谓语动词要根据表示的时间进行调整。 Eg: If it had rained last night (过去), it would be very cold today (现在). 2.Wish 句型表达“但愿…,要是…多好”的语气表示与事实相反的情况,或表示将来不太可能实现的愿望。其宾语从句的动词形式为: He wished he hadn't said that. 他希望他没讲那样的话。 I wish it would rain tomorrow. 我希望明天下雨就好了。 Wish to do表达法: Wish sb / sth to do I wish to see the manager. = I want to see the manager. I wish the manager to be informed at once. (= I want the manager to be informed at once.) 3.在强制性语气的宾语从句中的运用即表示建议、命令、劝告、决心等主观色彩的动词 + that + (should) + 动词原形,其中should 经常被省略。这类动词包括: suggest, propose, recommend, demand, order, command, desire, require, insist,

todo和doing的差别

To do 和 doing的用法 1. finish, enjoy, feel like, consider, imagine, keep, postpone, delay, mind, practise, suggest, risk, quit+doing 2. 1)forget to do 忘记要去做某事(此事未做) forget doing忘记做过某事(此事已做过或已发生) 2)stop to do 停止、中断(某件事),目的是去做另一件事 stop doing 停止正在或经常做的事 3)remember to do 记住去做某事(未做) remember doing记得做过某事(已做) 4) regret to do对要做的事遗憾 regret doing对做过的事遗憾、后悔 5)try to do努力、企图做某事 try doing试验、试一试某种办法 6) mean to do打算,有意要… mean doing意味着 7)go on to do 继而(去做另外一件事情) go on doing 继续(原先没有做完的事情) 8)propose to do 打算(要做某事) proposing doing建议(做某事) 9) like /love/hate/ prefer +to do 表示具体行为;+doing sth 表示抽象、倾向概念 (注)如果这些动词前有should一词,其后宾语只跟不定式,不能跟动名词。例如: I should like to see him tomorrow. 10) need, want, deserve +动名词表被动意义;+不定式被动态表示“要(修、清理等)”意思。 Don’t you remember seeing the man before你不记得以前见过那个人吗 You must remember to leave tomorrow.你可要记着是明天动身。 I don’t regret telling her what I thought.我不后悔给她讲过我的想法。(已讲过) I regret to have to do this, but I have no choice.我很遗憾必须这样去做,我实在没办法。(未做但要做) You must try to be more careful.你可要多加小心。 Let’s try doing the work some other way.让我们试一试用另外一种办法来做这工作。 I didn’t mean to hurt your feeling.我没想要伤害你的感情。 This illness will mean (your) going to hospital.得了这种病(你)就要进医院。 3.省to 的动词不定式 1)情态动词 ( 除ought 外,ought to): 2)使役动词 let, have, make: 3)感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice , observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后作宾补,省略to。 注意:在被动语态中则to 不能省掉。 I saw him dance.

will,begoingto,betodo,beabouttodo结构的区别

Will 和 be going to 结构的区别 1、(1)两者均可用来表示将来的意图,但"be going to"结构语义稍强些。例如: They are going to climb the Qomolangma one day. 他们准备/想将来某一天去爬珠穆朗玛峰。 1、(2)对于事先经过考虑的打算、计划、意图, 应使用be going to, 而不是w ill 结构。例如: — What are you going to do next Sunday 下星期天你打算干什么 — I'm going to go fishing. 我打算去钓鱼。 2、(1)对于未经过考虑的打算,计划,只是临时之意,则用will 结构,不用b e going to 结构。例如: — Where is the telephone book 电话号码簿在哪儿 — I'll go and get it for you. 我去给你拿。 2、(2)在表示即将发生某事时,两者区别意义不大,多可互换。例如: What is going to happen 就要发生什么事 What will happen 将要发生什么事 一般说来,be going to 表示较近的将来,而will 则表示较远的将来。试比较: It is going to snow tonight. 今晚要下雪。 There will be a strong wind in a few days. 几天后将有一场大风。2、(3)表示不受人的主观意愿影响的单纯将来,一般只能用will结构。例如: Tomorrow will be April Fools' Day. 明天是愚人节。 2、(4)在正式的通知(如新闻媒体公布的官方消息,气象预报等)中用will 结构。例如: There will be a heavy rain to the south of Huai River. 淮河以南将有大雨。 3、be+to do,表示按照计划或正式安排将发生的事,主要指客观安排,必然趋势。 We are to discuss the report next Saturday. I am to play football tomorrow afternoon...(客观安排,如这儿有场比赛定在明天下午,不去不行,不能由主观决定)

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