高考英语阅读理解训练(附答案)

高考英语阅读理解训练十篇

阅读理解强化训练1

2014 saw that the Ebola virus reappeared in Guinea and soon spread into neighbouring Liberia and Sierra Leone, killing over 7,800 people by the new year of 2015. It leads to viral hemorrhagic fever, which is characterized by high fever and internal bleeding etc.

Ebola is named after the Ebola River, where it was first discovered in 1976. There are five different types of the Ebola virus, each named after where they first happened: Sudan, Ivory Coast, Reston, Bundibugyo, and Zaire. The deadliest of the five, Zaire, was responsible for the 2012 out- break, and is believed to be attacking Guinea.

Ebola is naturally found in fruit bats, which pass on the virus to other animals by biting or sucking on their blood. Humans who are suffering from the Ebola infection might have touched the bodily fluids of the infected animals. Once infected, a human becomes a carrier of the deadly virus.

Unfortunately, there are no disease - specific treatments for Ebola. Health-care workers only supply the infected people with physiological saline(生理盐水) to keep them in good condition. Ebola can kill 90% of those infected, especially in underdeveloped societies like those in Africa. Since there have been many cases of nurses catching the disease from patients, they are forced to wear strict protective clothes, and in some cases, not even allowed to get close to the infected. The fact that there is no cure for the Ebola virus is what makes the outbreak a challenging one to control.

What’s worse, since we live in a n interconnected world, where the situation in one country can affect us all, the influences of Ebola are huge: damaging trade relations, affecting foreign visitors, and weakening entire countries. It is feared that the disease may spread throughout west African countries. For every country, a strong health system can decrease the risk of health attack and lessen the impact of Ebola.

1. What is the function of the first paragraph in the whole passage?

A. To arouse the reader’s concern.

B. To summarize the whole passage.

C. To give a detailed description of Ebola.

D. To introduce the theme of the whole passage.

2. What can we infer about the Ebola virus?

A. It has caused a panic in many countries.

B. It is the most dangerous virus in the world.

C. A strong health system is important to fight against Ebola.

D. Anyone who was infected Ebola will die.

3. Paragraph 3 mainly tells us _________.

A. What the Ebola virus is

B. How the Ebola virus spreads

C. How the Ebola virus is treated

D. How the Ebola virus affects the life

4. Which of the following is true?

A. There are no effective drugs to treat Ebola by far.

B. Ebola is now very common in Guinea.

C. Those with a fever must be infected by Ebola.

D. Females are easier to be infected by Ebola.

阅读理解强化训练1

【语篇解读】本文是新闻报道类文章。主要介绍了埃博拉病毒到目前为止已经造成的伤害以及埃博拉病毒来源、传播的途径、目前的治疗状况等。

1. A。判断推理题。通读第一段，主要告诉我们埃博拉病毒传播之迅速、后果之严重，目的就是为了引起

读者的关注。故选A。

2. C。判断推理题。根据文章最后一句话For every country, a strong health system can decrease the risk of health

attack and lessen the impact of Ebola可知选C。

3. B。判断推理题。通读第三段可知该段主要告诉我们埃博拉病毒是如何进行传播的。故选B。

4. A。细节辨认题。根据文章的第四段The fact that there is no cure for the Ebola virus is what makes the

outbreak a challenging one to control可知至今仍没有有效办法对付埃博拉病毒。故选A。

阅读理解强化训练2

If I asked you to sit down and remember a list of phone numbers or a series of facts, how would you go about it? There’s a fair chance that you’d be doing it wrong.

One of the interesting things about the mind is that even though we all have one, we all have one, we don’t have perfect insight(洞察力) into how to get the best from it. This is partly because of flaws(缺陷) in our ability to think about our own thinking. Studying this self-reflective thought process exposes human being’ personal blind spots.

One area there these blind spots are particularly large i s learning. We’re actually surprisingly bad at having insight into how we learn best.

Researchers Jeffrey Karpicke and Henry Roediger IIII made an experiment, where they asked college students to learn pairs of Swahib and English words. So, for example, they had to learn that if they were given the Swahili word “mashua” the correct response was “boat”. They could have used the sort of facts you might get on a high-school quiz, but the use of Swahili meant that there was little chance their participants could use any background knowledge to help them learn. After the pairs had all been learnt, there would be a final test a week later.

Now if many of us were revising this list we might study the list, test ourselves and then repeat this cycle, dropping items we got right. This makes studying and testing quicker and allows us to focus our effort on the things we haven’t yet learnt. It’s a plan that seems to make perfect sense, but that is disastrous if we really want to learn properly.

Karpicke and Roediger asked students to prepare for a test in various ways, and compared their success—for example, one group kept testing themselves on all items without dropping what they were getting right, while another group stopped testing themselves on their correct answers. On the final exam differences between the groups were dramatic. While dropping items from study didn’t have much of an effect, the people who dropped items from testing performed relatively poorly.

It seems the effective way to learn is to practice getting items back from memory, not trying to consolidate(巩固) them in there by further study. Moreover, dropping items entirely from you revision, which is the advice given by many study guides, is wrong. You can stop studying them if you’ve learnt them, but you should keep testing what you’ve learnt if you want to remember them at the time of the final exam.

So the evidence has a moral for teachers: there’s more to testing than finding out what students knows—tests can also help us remember.

1. According to the passage, we often fail to remember facts because _______.

A. we ignore our weakness in memorizing things

B. we don’t understand well what we are learning

C. we don’t know where our metal blind spots are

D. we take improper ways to memorize for good ones

2. The researchers’ experiment was intended to _______.

A. confirm we don’t know how to learn effectively

B. find out how we can consolidate our knowledge better

C.distinguish effects of memory in learning different languages

D. prove the importance of background knowledge in memorizing

3. What does the authour believe leads to a good memory?

A. Constant measure of your knowledge.

B. Frequent revision of what you learn.

C. Firm abandonment of what you’re poor at.

D. Strong desire fr grasping new knowledge.

4. The proper title for the passage is ________.

A. An experiment on memory

B. A concept of human memory

C. A way to improve your memory

D. A discovery of a mental blind spot

阅读理解强化训练2

【语篇解读】这是一篇教育文章。作者通过实验证明一种提高记忆力的方法，就是不停地测试。

1. D。主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据第五段的关键句that is disastrous if we really want to learn properly可

知我们记忆力不好主要是因为我们使用方法不恰当。故选D。

2. B。细节辨认题。根据文章第六段的实验结论It seems the effective way to learn is to practice getting items

back from memory, not trying to consolidate(巩固) them in there by further study可知答案选选B。

3. A。判断推理题。根据文章第六段的You can stop studying them if you’ve learnt them, but you should keep

testing what you’ve learnt if you want to remember them at the time of the final exam可知不断地测试你的知识有助于记忆。故选A。

4. C。主旨大意题。通读全文，作者通过实验来证明提高记忆力的方法。故选C。

阅读理解强化训练3

The time-honored lamp and lantern business in Pingyao county, Shanxi province was popular back when there were large festivities or celebrations and corporations, institutions and government offices needed lanterns to decorate their halls and streets.

Then the central government started calling for budget cuts, and no unnecessary celebrations, so the industry was staring at a depressed market and a number of enterprises just shut down and the Pingyao faced a challenge. But, now it is on an innovative path that has led to success andthe market downtown has passed and it is seeing a second peak.

It has stopped using the mass production lines that targeted big festivals and has turned instead to traditional lantern arts and culture and brought in new technology and developed new products to meet diverse demands from customers all across the country.

Li Xiaopan, head of one shop, says that they have turned from single-product groups to arts and crafts and are “making culture ” instead of just products. Previously, the y only catered to Shanxi culture, but now they embrace Fujian, Jiangsu, Zhejiang,and Taiwan cultures as well and even got the invitation from the city of Taichung, Taiwan to take part in 2015 lantern show during the Spring Festival there. And, Li goes on, even though this may not bring in big profits, it could be a good way to increase their influence through cultural exchanges.

In their research, they also discovered a friend among museums and tourist spots that valued Chinese

civilization and culture so they considered combining the traditional lantern business with tourism as another pathway and are now sorting through all kinds of historical materials and preparing for indoor exhibitions by cooperating with museums and exhibition centers.

So, it looks, as if, in the battle for the market, this crafts shop has finally come out a winner.

1.The lamp and lantern industry declined after _______.

A. the prices went up sharply some years ago

B. big festivals were celebrated in more ways

C. we started to correct unhealthy social trend

D. they lost attraction to their former customers

2. What has mainly helped lead to a new boom in the business?

A. Improving product quality.

B. Adjusting managing strategy.

C. Designing beautiful patterns.

D. Advertising products widely.

3.Which is the main factor in Li’s crafts shop winning the cooperation?

A. Their technique.

B. Their talent.

C. Their creativity.

D. Their devotion.

4. One of the purpose of the new story is probably _______.

A. to provide an example for other business to follow.

B. to ask more people to take part in 2015 lantern show

C. to introduce a good lamp and lantern shop to readers

D. to call for a yet more booming market in the business

阅读理解强化训练3

【语篇解读】该文章主要介绍了陕西平遥的灯笼今年的发展走向, 平遥灯笼已经走出平遥、走向全国, 甚至走向祖国的宝岛---台湾。现在的平遥灯笼已经与旅游业合作, 作者以此提醒其他商业的应该怎么办。1. C。细节推理题。根据文章第二段的Then the central government started calling for budget cuts, and no

unnecessary celebrations, so the industry was staring at a depressed market中的关键词unnecessary判断。

故选C。

2. B。细节推理题。根据文章第三段的has turned instead to traditional lantern arts and culture and brought in new

technology and developed new products to meet diverse demands from customers all across the country可知是调整了管理策略带来了灯笼业的发展。故选B。

3. C。细节推理题。根据文章第四段的they have turned from single-product groups to arts and crafts and are

“making culture”instead of just products可知是他的创造力让他赢得了合作。故选C。

4. A。主旨大意题。通读全文, 并根据文章的最后一段推断作者主要是为其他商业提供一个范例。故选A。

阅读理解强化训练4

Right in front of the Minneapolis Central Library, a row of green bikes sits parked in a special stand. Each bike is designed with the logo“Nice Ride”—the name of the city’s bike-share program.

Nice Ride bikes are a lot like the library books that people come here to borrow. To rent a bike, you simply use your membership card at a Nice Ride bike station. Members can rent one of 1,200 bikes from 138 stations throughout Minnesota’s largest city. People use the Nice Ride bikes to go to work, to go out on business, or just to enjoy the city’s many bike paths.

The rise of bike-share programs like Nice Ride is encouraging more people than ever to choose biking over

driving. Rising gas prices and concerns about the environment have also gotten people to dust off their bike helmets,pump air into flat tires, and hit the road.

Why ride? Not only is biking good exercise, but switching from a car to a bike also reduces the amount of pollution in the air. Carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas linked to climate change, is one of the many polluting substances that come out of a car’s tall pipe.

Bike-share systems are found around the world in cities like London, Paris, Barcelona, and Melbourne, Australia. The largest program-with 70,000 bikes-is in Wuhan, China.

To make roads friendlier to non-motorists, the U.S. Department of Transportation has invested more than a billion dollars in cycling and pedestrian projects in recent years. The money went toward building thousands of miles of on-street bike lanes and bike-and pedestrian-only passages called green ways.

1. If one wants to use the bike, it’s a must to ______.

A. give away a bicycle

B. know Nice Ride well

C. pay the cost in advance

D. get a membership card

2. Which of the following can people do with the bikes?

A. Earn a living.

B. Enjoy bikeways.

C. Compete in a race.

D. Rent them out to others.

3. Paragraph 4 is mainly about _____.

A. benefits of biking

B. pollution caused by cars

C. methods to use the bikes

D. ways to reduce pollution

4. Which of the following is true of Nice Ride?

A. It will take the place of taxi companies.

B. China has better public bike systems.

C. It attracts more people to choose biking.

D. The government lacks money to support it.

5. The author’s purpose in writing this text is to ______.

A. spread bike-share programs

B. seek advice for Nice Ride

C. compare Nice Ride with libraries

D. introduce the public bike system

阅读理解强化训练4

【语篇解读】文章主要讲述了美国公共自行车项目。人们可以通过办理会员卡使用公共自行车, 以及这种绿色出行方式的优点。

1. D。细节理解题。根据第二段第二句you simply use your membership card at a Nice Ride bike station.可知,

选D。

2. B。细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句People use the Nice Ride bikes to go to work, to go out on business, or

just to enjoy the city’s many bike paths. 注意选项B享受自行车道。而文中说的是enjoy the city’s many bike paths. 注意修饰词。

3. A。段落大意题。从该段第一句的Why ride?和后面的内容可知, 讲述的是骑自行车的优点。

4. C。细节理解题。根据第三段第一句The rise of bike-share programs like Nice Ride is encouraging more

people than ever to choose biking over driving鼓励更多的人选择骑自行车出行而不是开车。

5. D。主旨大意题。根据首段及文章内容主要介绍了bike-share program.注意A文中是提到了, 但并不是文

章的写作目的。

阅读理解强化训练5

Consumers everywhere are faced with the same dilemma: given limited resources, what sorts of purchases are most likely to produce lasting happiness and satisfaction? Recent research has confirmed that experiential purchases tend to produce greater hedonic(享乐的) gains than material purchases.

The reason why experiences improve with time may be because it is possible to think about experiences in a more abstract manner than possessions. For example, if you think back to a fantastic summer from your youth, you might easily remember an abstract sense of warm sunshine and youthful exuberant(生气勃勃), but you’re less likely to remember exactly what you did day-by-day.

Material possessions are harder to think about in an abstract sense. The car you bought is still a car, that great new jacket you picked up cheap is still just a jacket. It’s more lik ely the experience of that summer has taken on a symbolic meaning that can live longer in your memory than a possession.

Purchasing may have a negative impact on happiness because consumers often buy “joyless” material possessions, resulting in comfort but not pleasure. In general, people adapt to experiences more slowly than to material purchase. This can be seen in both negative and positive purchases: hedonic adaptation would result in a positive experience causing more happiness but a negative experience causing less happiness than the comparable material purchase with the same initial happiness level.

Experience, however, seems to be more resistant to these sorts of unfavourable comparisons. It is because of the unique nature of experience. It’s more di fficult to make an unfavourable comparison when there is nothing directly comparable. After all, each of our youthful summers is different.

It’s well established that social comparisons can have a huge effect on how we view what might seem like positive events. One striking example is the finding that people prefer to earn $50,000 a year while everyone else earns $25,000, instead of earning $100,000 themselves and having other people earn $200,000.

A similar effect is seen for possessions. When there are so many flat-screen HD TVs to choose from, it’s easy to make unfavourable comparisons between our choice and the others available.

1. An abstract sense in the passage refers to awareness of something __________.

A. you cannot think about

B. you can’ t rem ember well

C. you cannot understand

D. you cannot see or touch

2. If you make an experiential purchase before a material purchase, you may go to__________.

A. a theatre before going to a store

B. an exhibition before going to a park

C. a mall before goi ng to a grocer’s

D. a market before going to a restaurant

3. The example of earnings is given to actually indicate__________.

A. how ridiculous people are

B. how people feel content

C. how nearsighted people are

D. how people hold prejudice

4. It is implied in the passage that, after their material purchases, people might ______.

A. enjoy their ownership of what they have bought

B. pick every fault in the products they have got

C. regret making a wrong decision to buy the items

D. leave what they’ve pur chased untouched at home

阅读理解强化训练5

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。该文章主要介绍了现在流行的实验购物的优点和可行性。

1. D。判断推理题。根据文章第二段的if you think back to a fantastic summer from your youth, you might easily

remember an abstract sense of warm sunshine and youthful exuberant(生气勃勃), but you’re less likely to remember exactly what you did day-by-day.可知抽象感是看不见、摸不着的。故选D。

2. A。判断推理题。根据文章第四段的In general, people adapt to experiences more slowly than to material

purchase可知你应该购物前去体验店体验一下。故选A。

3. B。判断推理题。根据文章倒数第二段中的关键词prefer, 说明人们挣多少钱表示人们获得多大的满足感。

故选B。

4. C。细节推理题。根据文章第四段的第一句话Purchasing may have a negative impact on happiness because

consumers often buy “joyless”material possessions, resulting in comfort but not pleasure可知购买实物后人们总是后悔自己的决定。故选C。

阅读理解强化训练6

In a unique research cooperation between Stratasys, Education, R&D departments and MIT’s Self-Assembly Lab, a new process is being developed, known as 4D Printing.

The 4D printing concept, which allows materials to “self-assemble(自行组装)”into 3D structures, was initially proposed by Massachusetts Institute of Technology faculty member Skylar Tibbits. Tibbits and his team combined a strand(缕) of plastic with a layer made out of “smart” material that could self-assemble in water. They advanced this concept by creating materials that can change into several different complicated shapes, though this kind of material remains the bottleneck of 4D technology.

To many people that are just starting to get used to the idea of 3D printers, the name 4D is causing confusion because they cannot understand where this fourt h “dimension” coming from. 4D technology shares many of the same principles of 3D printing and is essentially still about creating a new, 3D structure out of certain component; however, Tibbits states the fourth dimension at work here comes from concept of the fourth dimension of time. The difference between these 3D and 4D creations is that these new forms have the ability to transform and adapt over time.

4D printing works through self-assembly —a system where “disordered elements form an “ordered” structure via an interaction. With these 4D printed materials, these disordered materials are strands or sheets of specially designed materials. Environmental changes then stimulate(刺激) a response from them so that they form a preprogrammed shape.

The idea of having adaptable technology that only relies on energy and non-human interactions raises some interesting questions about where 4D printing can be used and the practical applications in dangerous environments. This could mean improved infrastructures in extreme conditions, leading to a reduced need for workers to put themselves at risk, but the potential goes even further than that. The technology promises exciting new possibilities for a variety of applications. A solar panel or similar product could be produced in a flat shape onto which functional devices can be easily installed. It could then be changed to a compact shape for packing and shipping. After arriving at its destination, the product could be stimulated to form a different shape that serves its function. Also it could be used to build furniture, bikes, cars and even buildings. As with many of the ideas being put forward, it is easy to go a step too far into the extreme, but this just shows the potential of 4D in comparison to 3D.

The next stage for the research is to move from printing single strands to sheets and eventually whole structures. And water need not be the process’s only energy source.

1. Which of the following displays the fourth dimension of 4D printing?

A. 4D printing creates a new, 3D structure out of certain component.

B. 4D technology reduces need for workers to put themselves at risk.

C. 4D technology can be used in many more fields than 3D printing.

D. 4D printed materials reshape themselves with conditions changing.

2. The major problem concerning the development of 4D printing lies in ______.

A. producing essential 4D printers

B. creating proper smart materials

C. providing a suitable environment

D. promoting practical applications

3. What does the passage lead you to believe?

A. 4D printing will take the place of 3D printing in the near future.

B. Most aspects of our daily life can be affected by 4D printing.

C. 4D printing will benefit humans by saving labor somehow.

D. Smart materials can be transformed into other types of material.

4. It can be inferred from the passage that _______.

A. electricity is not used in 4D technology

B. 4D printing has been applied in industry

C. more potential of 4D is to be discovered

阅读理解强化训练6

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍4D印刷术的优于3D印刷术。

1. D。细节辨认题。根据文章第五段的Environmental changes then stimulate(刺激) a response from them so that

they form a preprogrammed shape可知这种印刷材料随条件的变化而修复。故选D.

2. B。细节辨认题。根据文章第二段的They advanced this concept by creating materials that can change into

several different complicated shapes, though this kind of material remains the bottleneck of 4D technology 可知4D的印刷术的发展瓶颈在于没有生产合适的纸质材料。故选B。

3. C。细节辨认题。根据文章倒数第二段的This could mean improved infrastructures in extreme conditions,

leading to a reduced need for workers to put themselves at risk, but the potential goes even further than that 可知4D印刷术可节省人力。故选C。

4. A。细节辨认题。根据文章第二段第一句话which allows materials to “self-assemble (自行组装)”into 3D

structures可知4D技术不用电, 故选A。

阅读理解强化训练7

The other morning on the subway I sat next to an attractive young blonde woman who was reading something on her iPad. She was very well-dressed, carrying a Prada bag with tastefully applied make-up indeed, she had an unmistakable air of wealth, material success and even authority. I suspected she worked as a highly-paid Wall Street lawyer or stockbroker or something of that sort. So, I was curious to see what she was so focused on. The Wall Street Journal perhaps? The Economist?

Quite the contrary; rather, she was concentrating on a romance novel. Then I realized that I have known many women who love romance novels —smart, attractive, successful, “liberated,” modem females who

nonetheless find some kind of deep satisfaction and thrill from those hyper-romantic, artificial and extremely unrealistic tales of handsome, manly heroes falling in love with virginal women, enduring a series of adventures, then no doubt having a happy ending.

These romance stories are to literature what hot dogs are to fine food. Yet, the genre(体裁) remains enormously popular. Consider some of these surprising statistics from the good folks at the Romance Writers of America (RWA):

*More than 9,000 romance titles were released last year, with sales of about $1.44 billion (more than triple the revenues generated by classic literary fiction).

*More than 90 percent of t he market are women (okay, that’s not at all surprising).

* Readers are typically women between the ages 30 and 54 who are themselves involved in a romantic relationship (betraying the stereotype that only lonely women long for these tales of love and adventure).

*Almost 40 percent of romance book consumers have an annual income of between $50,000 and $99,900 (placing them firmly in the middle class).

I had thought that romance novels accounted for a very small share of the literary market, so I was quite surprised that this part has such enormous popularity. But I must wonder why so many women — forty years after the women’s liberation movement continue to indulge in the fanciful tales?

I’m not sure if it represents a kind of “rejection” of the women’s libe ration movement, but clearly something is missing in the lives of contemporary ladies. A romance author named Donna Hatch who focuses on the Regency period (early 19th century Britain) explained the appeal of such books this way: “Regency men were civilized and treated women with courtesy. When a lady entered the room, gentlemen stood, doffed their hats, offered an arm, bowed, and a hundred other little things I wish men still did today. But they were also very athletic; they hunted, raced, boxed, rode horses. They were manly. Strong. Noble. Honorable. And that is why I love them!”

Mrs. Hatch may have expressed the secret desires and attitudes of untold millions of her peers—that is, in the early 21st century, have women grown tired of the burdens and expe ctations that the “freedoms” they have gained give them? Is this a rejection of modem feminism? Do women long for days of old when men were masculine gentlemen and women were feminine and protected as precious treasures and regarded as possessions?

Perhaps most women (even the ones who get lost in romance novels) do not want to go all the way back but it is obvious, ▲.

1. What is the function of the opening paragraph?

A. To summarize the whole passage.

B. To prove the author’s argument.

C. To lead in the main topic of the passage.

D. To raise problems that will be solved later.

2. What does the underlined sentence in the third paragraph imply?

A. Romance novels are satisfying and thrilling.

B. Romance novels are not of much “nutrition”.

C. Romance novels are as popular as hot dogs.

D. Romance novels are an essential part of contemporary life.

3. In the author’s opinion, what is missing in the lives of contemporary women?

A. Authority.

B. Dignity.

C. Liberty.

D. Care.

4. Which sentence can be put in the blank in the last paragraph?

A. they prefer tales of innocent romance to classics

B. they are unhappy with how the world has turned out

C. true love described in romance novels does exist in reality

D. romance novels provide them with an access to society

阅读理解强化训练7

【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。从一个小故事讲起, 进而论述了浪漫小说在当下的火热程度。然后又涉及到了女权主义与当代女性内心的某种矛盾。

1. C。推理判断题。根据第一段作者讲了一个小故事, 说自己在地铁上看到一个打扮很好很成功的女子。

觉得她应该在看《经济学人》或者《华尔街日报》, 结果她却在看爱情小说。所以这一段的作用是个引子, 引出这篇文章的主题。故选C。

2. B。推理判断题。A is to B what C is to D.意为“A对于B来说就像是C对于D来说一样”。放在这里就

是浪漫小说对于文学就像是热狗比之精美的食物一样。故选B。

3. D。推理判断题。用排除法, A、B在文中均未涉及。C自由很显然当代女性都具有。所以当代女性缺失

的是关爱。根据后面引用的When a lady entered the room, gentlemen stood, doffed their hats, offered an arm, bowed, and a hundred other little things I wish men still did today可知D正确。

4. B。推理判断题。根据空前面的but it is obvious可知这里应该填的是一个显然的事实。A、C、D都太武

断了。只有B最合适。故选B。

阅读理解强化训练8

For centuries, medical pioneers have refined a variety of methods and medicines to treat sickness, injury, and disability, enabling people to live longer and healthier lives.

“A salamander (a small lizard-like animal) can grow back its leg. Why can’t a human do the same?” asked Peruvian-born surgeon Dr. Anthony Atala in a recent interview. The question, a reference to work aiming to grow new limbs for wounded soldiers, captures the inventive spirit of regenerative medicine. This innovative field seeks to provide patients with replacement body parts.

These parts are not made of steel; they are the real things—living cells, tissue, and even organs.

Regenerative medicine is still mostly experimental, with clinical applications limited to procedures such as growing sheets of skin on burns and wounds. One of its most significant advances took place in 1999, when a research group at North Carolina’s Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine conducted a successful organ replacement with a laboratory-grown bladder. Since then, the team, led by Dr. Atala, has continued to generate a variety of other tissues and organs —from kidneys to ears.

The field of regenerative medicine builds on work conducted in the early twentieth century with the first successful transplants of donated human soft tissue and bone. However, donor organs are not always the best option. First of all, they are in short supply, and many people die while waiting for an available organ; in the United States alone, more than 100,000 people are waiting for organ transplants. Secondly, a patient’s body may ultimately reject the transplanted donor organ. An advantage of regenerative medicine is that the tissues are grown from a patient’s own cells and will not be rejected by the body’s immune system.

Today, several labs are working to create bioartificial body parts. Scientists at Columbia and Yale Universities have grown a jawbone and a lung. At the University of Minnesota, Doris Taylor has created a beating bioartificial rat heart. Dr. Atala’s medical team has reported long-term success with bioengineered bladders implanted into young patients with spina bifida (a birth defect that involves the incomplete development of the spinal cord). And at the University of Michigan, H. David Humes has created an artificial kidney.

So far, the kidney procedure has only been used successfully with sheep, but there is hope that one day similar kidney will be implantable in a human patient. The continuing research of scientists such as these may eventually make donor organs unnecessary and, as a result, significantly increase individuals’ chances of survival.

1. In the latest field of regenerative medicine, what are replacement parts made of?

A. Donated cells, tissues and organs.

B. Rejected cells, tissues and organs.

C. Cells, tissues and organs of one’s own.

D. Cells, tissues and organs made of steel.

2. What have scientists experimented successfully on for a bioartificial kidney?

A. Patients.

B. Rats.

C. Sheep.

D. Soldiers.

3. Why is regenerative medicine considered innovative?

A. It will provide patients with replacement soft tissues.

B. It will strengthen the human body’s immune system.

C. It will shorten the time patients waiting for a donated organ.

D. It will make patients live longer with bioartificial organs.

4. What is the writer’s attitude towards regenerative medicine?

A. Positive.

B. Negative.

C. Doubtful.

D. Reserved.

阅读理解强化训练8

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了器官再生的这种治疗方法。

1. C。细节辨认题。根据文章第三段的These parts are not made of steel; they are the real things—living cells,

tissue, and even organs可知C正确。

2. C。细节辨认题。根据文章最后一段的So far, the kidney procedure has only been used successfully with sheep

可知C正确。

3. D。细节辨认题。根据文章第二段的a reference to work aiming to grow new limbs for wounded soldiers,

captures the inventive spirit of regenerative medicine可知这种再生药物的创新性就在于bioartificial的器官。故选D。

4. A。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的The continuing research of scientists such as these may eventually make

donor organs unnecessary and, as a result, significantly increase individuals’ chances of survival可知作者对这种治疗方法怀有很大的希望。故选A。

阅读理解强化训练9

The most complex object known to humanity is the human brain —and not only is it complex, but it is one of the few natural phenomena that science has no consciousness of. To try to replicate(复制) something that is so poorly understood may therefore seem like pride. But you have to start somewhere, and International Business Machines(IBM) and the Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne(EPFL), in Switzerland, propose to start by replicating “in silico”, one of the brain’s building blocks.

In a partnership announced, the two organizations said they would be working together to build a simulation(模拟) of a structure known as a neo-cortical(新大脑皮质的) column on a type of IBM supercomputer that is currently used to study the molecular functioning of genes. If that works, they plan to use more powerful computers to link such simulated columns together into something that mimics(模仿) a brain.

In a real brain, a neo-cortical column is a cylindrical(圆柱形的) element about a third of a millimeter in

diameter and three millimeters long. It is these columns, arranged side by side like the cells of a honeycomb, which make up the famous “grey matter” that has become shorthand for human intelligence. The Blue Gene/L supercomputer that will be used for the simulation consists of enough independent processors for each to be programmed to mimic an individual nerve cell in a column.

The EPFL’s contribution to the Blue Brain Pr oject will be to create a digital description of how the columns behave. The database from its Brain Mind Institute will provide the raw material for the simulation. Biologists and computer scientists will then connect the artificial nerve cells up in a way that mimics nature. They will do so by assigning electrical properties(电能) to them, and telling them how to communicate with each other and how they should modify their connections with one another depending on their activity.

That will be no mean feat. Even a single nerve cell is complicated, not least because each one has about 10,000 connections with others. And nerve cells come in great variety —relying, for example, on different chemical transmitters to carry messages across those connections. Eventually, however, a digital representation of an entire column Should occur.

Assuming that the growth of computing power continues to follow Moore’s Law, the leader of IBM’s side thinks it should be practical to mimic an entire human brain in silico this way in ten to fifteen years. Such an artificial brain would, of course, be a powerful research tool. It would allow neurological experiments that currently take days in a “web lab” to be conducted in seconds. The researchers hope that their simulated brain wi ll reveal the secrets of how certain psychiatric and neurological, disorders develop. But that is probably not the real reason for doing it. The most interesting question, surely, is whether such an artificial brain will be intelligent, or conscious, or both.

1. In a real brain, a neo-cortical column ____________.

A. looks like the cells of a honeycomb

B. is a simulation of a structure

C. is the famous “grey matter”

D. contains a large number of nerve cells

2. What does the underlined sentence “That will be no mean feat” in Paragraph 5 indicate?

A. It is rather difficult to connect the artificial nerve ceils up.

B. The function of chemical transmitters is hard to understand.

C. A digital representation of an entire column is time-consuming.

D. A single nerve cell is complicated to identify across connections.

3. The fundamental purpose of doing the research is probably ______.

A. to simulate an entire human brain in silico

B. to tell us how some certain disorders emerge

C. to discover how the artificial brain would work

D. to examine whether Moore’s Law is still functioning

4. What type of writing is this passage?

A. A science fiction.

B. A research report.

C. An official document.

D. A computer advertisement.

阅读理解强化训练9

【语篇解读】本文是科技文阅读。该文通过实验介绍人的大脑是如何工作的。

1. D。判断推测题。通读文章第三段, 并根据该段中的关键词a cylindrical(圆柱形的) element, arranged side by

side like the cells of a honeycomb, an individual nerve cell in a column.可知选D。

2. A。猜测词义题。根据该句话后面的那句话Even a single nerve cell is complicated, not least because each one

has about 10,000 connections with others和上一段的最后一句话They will do so by assigning electrical

properties(电能) to them, and telling them how to communicate with each other and how they should modify their connections with one another depending on their activity可知连接人工神经细胞很困难。故选A。

3. C。细节辨认题。根据文章的最后一句话The most interesting question, surely, is whether such an artificial

brain will be intelligent, or conscious, or both可知研究的最基本的目的就是发现大脑是如何工作的。故选C。

4. B。概括大意题。A. A science fiction 科幻故事；B. A research report一份研究报告；C. An official document

一份官方文件；D. A computer advertisement一个电脑广告。通读全文并根据文章中的关键词research 和study判断可知选B。

阅读理解强化训练10

Cleverness is a gift while kindness is a choice. Gifts are easy —they’re given after all. Choice can be hard.

I got the idea to start Amazon 16 years ago. I came across the fact that the Internet usage was growing at 2,300 percent per year. I d never seen or heard of anything that grew that fast, and the idea of building an online bookstore with millions of titles was very exciting to me, I had just turned 30 years old, and I’d been married for a year. I told my wife MacKenzie that I wanted to quit my job and go to do this crazy thing that probably wouldn’t work since most start-ups don’t, and I wasn’t sure what to expect, MacKenzie told me I should go for it. As a young boy, I’d been a garage inventor, I’d always wanted to be an inventor, and she wanted me to follow my passion.

I was working at a financial firm in New York City with a bunch of very smart people, and I had a brilliant boss that I much admired. I went to my boss and told him I wanted to start a company selling books on the Internet. He took me on a long walk in Central Park, listened carefully to me, and finally said, “That sounds like a really good idea, but it would be an even better idea for someone who didn’t already have a good job.” That logic made some sense to me, and he convinced me to think about it for 48 hours before making a final decision. Seen in that light, it really was a difficult choice, but ultimately, I decided I had to give it a shot. I didn’t think I’d regret trying and failing. And I suspected I would always be haunted by a decision to not try at all.

After much consideration, I took the less safe path to follow my passion, and I’m proud of that choice, For all of us, in the end, we are our choice.

1. What inspired the author with the idea of building an online bookstore?

A. His dream if being an inventor.

B. The support of his wife.

C. The greatly increasing usage of the Internet.

D. Millions of exciting titles.

2. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined sentence?

A. The idea of not trying would keep coming to his mind and disturb him.

B. He would be very excited if he tried it out.

C. He would be always having a doubt if he didn’t try.

D. The decision to not try the online bookstore would terrify him.

3. We can know from the passage that ______.

A. the boss thought the idea was suitable for the author

B. the author wanted someone else to try the idea

C. the author might not regret if he failed the idea

D. the author might go back to his boss if he failed

4. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

A. Cleverness and Kindness

B. The Starting of Amazon

C. Following My Passion

D. We Are What We Choose

阅读理解强化训练10

【语篇解读】文章讲述的是亚马逊网站创始人的故事。才智是与生俱来的, 而善良是后天可以选择的。天赋易得, 选择难做。在贝佐斯16岁的时候, 他惊叹于互联网的迅速发展, 于是萌发了建立网上书店的想法。在得到妻子的支持以后, 他辞去了待遇很好的工作, 虽然老板曾试图留住他, 但贝佐斯最终决定把自己的想法付诸实践。

1. C。细节辨认题。根据文章第二段的第三句话I d never seen or heard of anything that grew that fast, and the

idea of building an online bookstore with millions of titles was very exciting to me, I had just turned 30 years old , and I’d been married for a year可知是因特网的使用者迅猛增加让作者想到这个主意。故选C。

2. D。语意判断题。根据划线句子前的那句话I decided I had to give it a shot. I didn’t think I’d regret trying and

failing可知老板想说服作者留下来, 作者有些动摇, 但经过思考之后, 作者决定辞职建网站, 作者不害怕尝试和失败, 但会因为想法没有付诸实践而愧疚。故选D。

3. C。判断推理题。根据第三段“I decided I had to give it a shot. I didn’t think I’d regret trying and failing.”可知,

作者认为自己将不会为尝试和失败感到后悔。故选C。

4. D。主旨大意题。根据最后一段“After much consideration, I took the less safe path to follow my passion, and

I’m proud of that choice. For all of us, in the end, we are our choices.”可知, 作者把自己的热情付诸了实践, 并且获得了成功。是我们的选择才成就了我们每一个人。故选D。

2020-2021高考英语阅读理解综合题汇编及答案解析

一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Gemini Man Gemini Man is a big-budget Hollywood sci-fi-action movie based on an original concept, rather than on a superhero comic or an old TV series, even though this particular original concept is more 20 years old. In it a government assassin (杀手)is being hunted down by his own clone The original script was sold by Darren Lemke to a studio in 1997, and since then almost every male A-listener has been attached as a potential star. Now, at long last, Ang Lee has directed Gemini Man, and Will Smith plays both the veteran assassin and his much younger doppelganger (分身). Jojo Rabbit During World War Two, a 10-year-old German boy (Roman Griffin David) is desperate to be a dutiful Nazi, only to discover that his mother (Scarlett Johansson) is hiding, a Jewish girl (Thomasin McKenzie) in their house. It may not sound like the stuff of a big-hearted comedy but Taika Waititi can make anything warm and funny. As well as writing and directing Jojo Rabbit, Waititi co-stars as the boy's imaginary friend,a nitwitted Adolf Hitler. Doctor Sleep Mike Flanag's new film is adapted from Stephen King, novel, Doctor Sleep, which was a sequel (续集) to The Shining. You can expect to see blood flowing out of lifts in a rapid stream, ghostly twin girls and headache-including carpet patterns. Ewan McGregor stars as Danny Torrance, the boy with psychic powers m 1980 film. Now, he is a middle-aged hospital counsellor. Maleficent: Mistress of Evil Here's another chance to see Angelina Jolie. In 2014 she starred in Maleficent, Disney's live-action remake of the Sleeping Beauty cartoon from 1959. The twist was that the eponymous wicked fairy wasn't so wicked, after all, and that the real villain was the father of Princess Aurora (Elle Fanning). The sequel's subtitle promises that Maleficent will actually be evil this time around, her change of heart prompted by Aurora's engagement to handsome prince (Harris Dickinson).（1）What can we learn from this passage? A. Ewan McGregor plays a role in Doctor Sleep. B. Taika Waititi is the main character in Jojo Rabbit. C. Gemini Man is adapted from a 20-yem--old TV series. D. The real wicked character in Maleficent: Mistress of Evil is Aurora. （2）If your friend wants to see a horror movie, which one will you recommend? A. Gemini Man B. Jojo Babbit C. Doctor Sleep D. Maleficent: Mistress of Evil 【答案】（1）A （2）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四部电影。 （1）考查细节理解。根据Doctor Sleep部分中的“Ewan McGregor stars as Danny Torrance, the boy w ith psychic powers in 1980 film.”可知Ewan McGregor在电影Doctor Sleep扮演Danny Torrance的角色。故选A。

高考英语阅读理解训练50篇

阅读理解训练50篇（1） 1 Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it. They warn that anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer. Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time. Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger, and scream and yell.But other people keep their anger inside. They can not or will not express it. This is called repressing anger. For years many doctors thought that repressing anger was more dangerous to a person's health than expressing it. They said that when a person is angry, the brain releases the same hor- mones (荷尔蒙).They speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure, or sugar into the blood, etC．In general the person feels excited and ready to act. Some doctors say that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous. They believe that those who express anger violently may be more likely to develop heart disease, and they believe that those who keep their anger inside may face a greater danger of high blood pressure. Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger. They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about. If it is, they say, “Do not express your anger while angry. Wait until your anger has cooled down and you are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably.” Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry. They said that laughter is much healthier than anger. 1．“Damaging emotion” means t hat _________. A．the emotion is harmless B．the emotion is harmful C．the feeling is very strong D．the feeling is hard 2．What statement is right? A．Were you angry, you would be cancered (得癌症). B．Once you are angry, you must be cancered. C．Angry as you are often, you can't be cancered, D．Anger may cause you a cancer. 3．Expressing anger violently _________ repressing it according to some scientists. A．is just the same as B．is more harmful than C．is no better than D．is much better than 4．According to the author, you'd better _________. A．never be angry B．cool it down before you express it C．laugh and laugh when you get angry D．admit you are wrong when you are angry 二

高考英语阅读理解专项训练100篇(附答案)

高考英语阅读理解专项训练100篇 (名师传授解题技巧+实战练习，值得下载) 一、阅读理解解题技巧 阅读理解题是考查学生对活的语言材料的理解能力，即通过阅读材料获得信息的能力。具体说来，阅读理解能力测试的主要要求是：（1）掌握所读材料的主旨大意，以及用以说明主旨大意的事实和细节；（2）既理解具体事实，也理解抽象的概念；（3）既理解字面意思，也理解深层含义，包括作者的态度、意图等；（4）既理解某句、某段的意义，也理解全篇的逻辑关系，并能根据文章进行推理和判断；（5）既能根据材料所提供的信息去理解，也能结合中学生应有的常识去理解。根据这几项能力测试的要求，试题中常采用如下几种题型：事实询问题、推理判断题、数据推算题、识图解意题和主旨大意题。根据这一测试要求和题型设计，答题时可以采取如下解题技巧和对策。 1．首先解题时要充满自信。由于平时有些同学对做阅读理解时存在一种畏惧心理，因此考试做题时心理就难免会产生紧张感，特别是阅读时再遇到几个生词就头脑发胀，从而使自己的思路更加模糊不清。其实这是完全没有必要的，因为阅读中遇到几个生词或几个难以理解的句子是常有的事，也是正常现象。因为按大纲要求，试卷中允许有不超过3%的生词，只要认真分析，仔细阅读，这些生词和句子很可能并不影响你的解题。所以答题之前首先要有必胜的信心。 2．扫读全文，理解全文主旨大意。拿到一篇文章，首先要快速扫读全文，虽为扫读，但不可漫不经心，阅读时也应聚精会神，力求可能多地获取材料信息，只是这次遇到生词和难句先不必去处理，不要因纠缠文中的个别生词和难句而影响了对全文的主旨大意的了解。

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