高考英语语法精要讲解
高考英语语法精要讲解
名词、数词、冠词
一、名词
1、在句子里使用名词应注意的问题：
名词的数：单数、复数和不可数；
名词的格：通格和属格（'s ）
名词的限定：特指、泛指、数量和习惯用法，即名词前加冠词或
其它限定词，例如： some, many , this, my 等
2、名词的数和单位词：
1）复型名词 + 复数动词
The trousers are too big for me. Please show me the smaller pair.
备用词： shoes, stockings, glasses, socks
NOTICE: A pair of glasses costs quite a lot.
2）复型名词 + 单数动词
A. The news on TV is seldom satisfying.
...
备用词：mathematics, physics, politics, means, works, the United States
B. Twenty miles is a long way to walk.
备用词： five pounds, two feet, six weeks
3) 集合名词 + 复数名词
The police have surrounded the building.
Cattle are selling for record price (创记录）.
备用词： the enemy, (the) people
NOTICE: 表示由若干人组成的集合体的单数词常可作复数用，
但若把这个集合体看作整体就用作单数:
My family are wonderful. They do all they can for me.
The family which now consists of four members at most is
smaller than it used to be.
4)不可数名词作可数的情况
A. 部分不可数名词可以有下列情况
a (an) + adj. + n.
It looks like rain. a thirsty for knowledge(求知欲）
a heavy rain He has a good knowledge of politics.
备用词： snow, breakfast, wine, oil, education
B.口语特例（特定场合）
A (One) beer, please.
Two teas and four coffees, please.
5)既是可数又是不可数的名词
I broke a glass this morning. (杯子）
Glass is made from sand. （玻璃）
备用词： paper / a paper, light(光) / a light(灯);
ice(冰) / an ice (冰激凌), chicken(鸡肉) / a chicken (雏鸡)
6) 单位词
A.个数
a piece of information (furniture, advice...)
B. 以形状表示个数
a grain of rice, a flight of stairs
C. 容量
a box of matches, a cup of tea
D. 计量
a metre of cloth, a ton of coal
E.其它
a (new) set of tools (wires, teeth, rules)
3、名词的格：
1）' s 的用法
A . 与时间有关的名词
a night's sleep ten minutes' walk
NOTICE: a two-hour walk = two hours'walk
B. 和else 连用
...
book can this be? A. Who else's B. Whose else
C. Who's else
D. Whose else's (A)
C. 's 修饰的词，如果前面提到，可省略
This is Jack's book, not Tom's.
This book is Jack's not Tom's.
D. 表示店、铺、家、诊所等， 's 后面的名词省略
at the Green's (house), at the doctor's (office)
2) OF 结构表示所有关系
A. 无生命的名词用of
the price of the success
B. 有生命的名词被一个短语或从句修饰而表示所有关系时用of
Can't you look at the book of the boy behind you?
3)双重所有格
's 与of结构并用，此时of结构所修饰的名词前通常有a, an, two, some,
that等
Miss Smith is a friend of Mary's mother's.
that brother of the girl
4)名词 + 名词（名词用作形容词）
A. 单数名词＋名词 a shoe (flower) shop ticket office
NOTICE: the tailor's (shop)
B. 复数名词＋名词
sports meet clothes shop women pilots
二、数词
1、数词在使用时应注意的问题：
* 易错数词：
* 年月日及介词
* 计算用词
* 和数字相关的词
2、综合
1) 数字表达：123,856,709
one hundred and twenty-three million, eight hundred and
fifty-six thousand, seven hundred and nine
2) 年月日 in the morning; on the morning of September 1;
in September; in 1988; on September 1 (on the first of September)
3、计算
＋ Six and five is (are) eleven.
Six hundred plus forty is (equals) six hundred and forty.
－ Four from seven is (leaves) three.
Six hundred minus one hundred equals five hundred.
X 16 x 11 = 176
Sixteen times eleven is (makes) one hundred and seventy-six.
÷ 9 ÷ 3 = 3
Nine divided by three equals three.
...
01、(全国卷I'31) -Have you got any idea for the summer vacation? -I don't mind where we get ___ there's sun, sea and beach.
A. as if
B. as long as
C. now that
D. in order that
02、(全国卷I'32) The weather was ______ cold that I didn't like to leave my room.
A. really
B. such
C. too
D. so
03、(全国卷II'07) A small car is big enough for a family of three
____ you need more space for baggage.
A. once
B. because
C. if
D. unless
04、(北京卷'23) -Did you return Fred's call? -I didn't need to ____
I'll see him tomorrow.
A. though
B. unless
C. when
D. because
05、(北京卷'34) I'm sorry you've been waiting so long, but it'll
still be some time ____ Brian get back.
A. before
B. since
C. till
D. after
06、(上海春卷'35) Please remind me of the meeting again tomorrow
______ I forget
A. thought
B. so that
C. in case
D. until
07、(上海春卷'36) _______this is only a small town, it's crowded with tourists who come here all year round.
A. Since
B. Unless
C. Once
D. Although
、(上海卷'31)-Are you ready for Spain ? ---- Yes , I want the girls
to experience that ___ they are young .
A. while
B. until
C. if
D. before
09、(上海卷'40) _____ well prepared you are , you still need a lot of luck in mountain climbing.
A. However
B. Whatever
C. No matter
D. Although
10、(天津卷' 01) We'll have a picnic in the park this Sunday _____ it rains or it's very cold.
A. since
B. if
C. unless
D. until
11、(重庆卷' 33) All people, they are old or young, rich or poor, have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster.
A. even if
B. whether
C. no matter
D. however
12、(辽宁卷' 28)______ hungry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread.
A. Whatever
B. Whenever
C. Wherever
D. However
13、(辽宁卷' 32)I used to love that film ______ I was a child, but I don't feel it that way any more.
A. once
B. when
C. since
D. although
14、(山东卷' 31)You'd better not leave the medicine ______ kids can get at it.
A. even if
B. which
C. where
D. so that
15、(江西卷'34)Animals suffered at the hands of Man ___ they were destroyed by people to make way for agricultural had to provide food for more people.
A. in which
B. for which
C. so that
D. in that
16、(安徽卷'31) -----Do you have a minute? I've got something to tell you. -----Ok, ____ you make it short.
A. now that
B. if only
C. so long as
D. every time
17、(浙江卷'16)Don't promise anything ______ you are one hundred percent sure.
A. whether
B. after
C. how
D. unless
18、(湖南卷'33)_____ the Internet is of great help. I don't think
it's a good idea to spend too much time on it.
A. If
B. While
C. Because
D. As
19、(四川卷'01)I haven't seen Ann for ____ long that I've forgotten what she looks like.
A. such
B. very
C. so
D. too
20、(四川卷'06)There were some chairs left over _____ everyone had
sat down.
A. when
B. until
C. that
D. where
21、(福建卷'28) Nancy enjoyed herself so much ______ she visited her friends in Sydney last year.
A. that
B. which
C. when
D. where
年高考英语试题分类汇编：倒装句
01、(上海卷'39) So much of interest _____ that most visitors simply run out of time before seeing it all.
A. offers Beijing
B. Beijing offers
C. does Beijing offer
D. Beijing does offers
02、(重庆卷' 26)Only when I left my parents for Italy how much I
loved them.
A. I realized
B. I had realized
C. had I realized
D. did I realize ...
03、(辽宁卷' 35)Bill wasn't happy about the delay of the report by Jason, and ______.
A. I was neither
B. neither was I
C. I was either
D. either was I
04、(江苏卷' 32)______ you eat the correct foods ______ be able to keep fit and stay healthy.
A. only if; will you
B. Only if; you will
C. Unless; will you
D. Unless; you will
05、(江西卷'31)It was announced that only when the fire was under control ___ to return to their homes.
A. the residents would be permitted
B. had the residents been permitted
C. would be residents be permitted
D. the residents had been permitted
06、(陕西卷'07) Not until the motorbike looked almost new repairing
and cleaning it.
A. he stopped
B. did he stop
C. stopped he
D. he did stop
年高考英语试题分类汇编：强调句
01、(全国卷II' 20) It was in New Zealand ___ Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith.
A. that
B. how
C. which
D. when
02、(天津卷' )It was along the Mississippi River _______ Mark Twain spent much of his childhood.
A. how
B. which
C. that
D. where
03、(重庆卷' 22)It was not until midnight they reached the camp site.
A. that
B. when
C. while
D. as
年高考英语试题分类汇编：插入、省略句
01、(全国卷I' 22)-What fruit is in season now? -Pears and apples,
______.
A. I know
B. I think
C. I see
D. I feel
02、(安徽卷'32) -----Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday?
----- Yes, _____, I'm going to visit some homes for the old in the city.
A. If ever
B. If busy
C. If anything
D. If possible
年高考英语试题分类汇编：并列句、反意疑问句、感叹句
01、(全国卷II' 13) Stand over there ___ you'll be able to see the
oil painting better.
A. but
B. till
C. and
D. or
02、(上海春卷' 30) You didn't use to like him much when we were at school ,_______?
A. were we
B. weren't we
C. did you
D. didn't you
03、(重庆卷' 32) The artist was born poor, poor he remained all his life.
A. and
B. or
C. but
D. so
04、(江苏卷' 27) It is often said that the joy of traveling is __ in arriving at your destination __ in the journey itself.
A. 不填；but
B. 不填；or
C. not; or
D. not; but
05、(湖南卷'23)I thought we'd be late for the concert, ______ we ended up getting there ahead of time.
A. but
B. or
C. so
D. for
06、(湖南卷'24)_____ the website of the Fire Department in your city, and you will learn a lot about Firefighting.
A. Having searched
B. To search
C. Searching
D. Search
07、(四川卷'12)In some places women are expected to earn money ____ men work at home and raise their children.
A. but
B. while
C. because
D. though
年高考英语试题分类汇编：情景交际
01、(全国卷I' 35) -Sorry, I made a mistake again.- ______. Practice more and you'll succeed.
A. Never mind
B. Certainly not
C. Not at all
D. Don't mention it
02、(全国卷II' 06) -Do you know Anna's telephone number?
-- ____. As a matter of fact, I don't know any Anna, either.
...
A. I think so
B. I'm afraid not
C. I hope so
D. I'd rather not
03、(全国卷II' 10) --- Could I ask you a rather personal question?--
- Sure, ____.
A. pardon me
B. go ahead
C. good idea
D. forget it
04、(天津卷' 03)---- I just can't stop worrying about the result of the job interview.
----_____. There's nothing you can do now but wait.
A. Relax
B. Go ahead
C. Go for it
D. Good luck
05、(天津卷' 09)----How much do I owe you for lunch? ----______. It's nothing.
A. You're welcome
B. Forget it
C. With pleasure
D. That's right
06、(重庆卷' 28)---May I ask a question after class, Sir? --- , but not during my lunch break.
A. I'm sorry
B. Anytime
C. certainly
D. Go ahead
07、(重庆卷' 34) ---I am afraid I can't return the book to you before Friday. --- .
A. Don't be afraid
B. Be careful
C. Not at all
D. Take your time
、(辽宁卷' 21) -Did you have a good time in Thailand last week?-
______, it was too hot.
A. No! really
B. Yeah, why not
C. Oh, great
D. You're right
09、(辽宁卷' 34)-My name is Jonathan. Shall I spell it for you? -
______.
A. If you don't mind
B. Not at all
C. Take it easy
D. Nice to meet
you
10、(山东卷' 30)-Say, Jane, will you come with me to the game Friday? -______, Bob, but I promised Mary I'd go with her.
A. My pleasure
B. Thanks
C. Take it easy
D. Forget it
11、(江苏卷' 22)-Do you mind if I record your lecture?-______. Go ahead.
A. Never mind
B. No way
C. Not at all
D. No. You'd better not
12、(江苏卷' 25)-I can't repair these until tomorrow, I'm afraid.-
That's OK, there's ______.
A. no problem
B. no wonder
C. no doubt
D. no hurry
13、(江苏卷' 26)-It shouldn't take long to clear up after the party
if we all volunteer to help.
-That's right.. _______.
A. any hands make light work
B. Something is better than nothing
C. The more the merrier
D. The sooner begun, the sooner done
14、(江西卷'21)-I think you'd better type this letter again before Mr. Smith see it.-- Oh, dear!______.
A. Who cares?
B. No problem
C. I don't mind at all
D. Is it as bad as that?
15、(安徽卷'25) ----I have some big news for you. You've been
accepted as a member of our club.
----__ That's great!
A. Have I ?
B. Pardon?
C. Congratulations!
D. Good idea!
16、(安徽卷'34) -----Good evening. Huangshan Hotel. -----Good evening. ________?
A. Do you still have a room for tonight
B. What would you like,
please
C. Is there anything I can do for you
D. Who is that speaking, please
17、(浙江卷'01)- Are you all right?- ______.
A. That's OK
B. I think so
C. Take it easy
D. It's very kind of you
18、(浙江卷'20)-Shall we go out for dinner tonight? -______.
A. You are right
B. It must be funny
C. That sounds great
D. Have
a nice time
19、(陕西卷'18)-The floor is dirty. Can anyone clean it? - I do it
all the time.
A. Don't mention it.
B. Why you?
C. Not sure
D. Not me again.
20、(四川卷'05)--- Let's go for a walk in the garden. --- _______,
but I need to do the washing-up.
A. No, thank you
B. That's right
C. Good idea
D. Not at all
21、(四川卷'13)--- Can you show me Mr. Jaffer's office, please?
--- _____. But I don't know if he is in at the moment.
A. Thanks
B. Go on
C. Sure
D. You are welcome
...