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上海市金山区2017届高三一模英语卷

金山区2016学年第一学期期末质量调研

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.

Rail-life adventures of two generations

When I was 17, I decided to go InterRailing with my friend Bella for a week in summer. Both of us had chosen to study German at university and we decided that train travel in Germany would be the ideal way (21) ______ (practice) the language.

(22) ______ ______ ______ I told my mum, she began to give me tips (23) ______ (base) on her own InterRail experience in the 1970s.

I would, she insisted, need (24) ______ extra-thick sleeping b ag “for when you sleep outside”.

I would need to pack oatmeal, raisins and nuts and dried soup. She even suggested a camping stove.

As she told tales of sleeping on train floors, on platforms, and even once in a barn, I began to get a little worried. (25) _______ had I let myself in for?

In fact, my InterRail experience was quite different. Bella and I googled youth hostels. They were pretty basic—six people to a room, stale cereal for breakfast, no curtains—but fine. We never slept on a train once.

My Int erRail trip was certainly not as economical as my mother’s. My ticket (26) ______ (cost) ￡187(1,954 yuan), and I spent ￡30 a day on cheap food and extra ticket supplements.

But I met some (27) ______ (amaze) people on the trains, and practiced my German with everyone (28) ______ businessmen to artists.

In my mother’s eyes I (29) ______ not have had a “real” InterRail experience—but I still had an adventure. I learned about other countries, other people and about myself.

Bella and I argued over lost luggage, complained about each other --- and ended up even (30) ______ (good) friends than we had before.

Section B

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Expressway that occurred during heavy fog yesterday morning.

Two were 31 dead at the scene in one of the accidents, and five were found dead in the other. Two more people died in hospital, police said.

Police first received a report at 5:54 am that 32 vehicles had crashed on the S32, near a ramp of S2. The S32 links Shanghai with Zhejinag Province’s Jiaxing and Huzhou.

Two people were killed after getting out of their vehicle to see what was causing congestion ahead. They were hit by an out of control tanker, police said.

When police arrived at that scene, they found a further five people had been killed when a construction vehicle was crushed by two large vehicles from both front and back. The crash was about three kilometers away from the accident that killed the two people on the expressway. The injured were sent to local hospitals.

Some drivers reported that the road was very 33 and braking had led to vehicles losing control.

“The fog was very heavy,” an unidentified driver told Shanghai Television Station. “When I saw the accident ahead, I wanted to slow down and 34 . But once I hit the brake, the vehicle went out of control.”

Zhoupu Hospital treated 12 people. “One of the 35 died on the road to the hospital,” Ding Fuhao, a doctor with the hospital, told the television station. “Three were

36 injured.”

The city’s meteorological authority 37 an orange alert on heavy fog at 6:06 am, meaning 38 would be lower than 200 meters in some areas.

The dense fog hit coastal areas in particular, including Chongming Island, Pudong New Area, Baoshan and Fengxian districts. The alert was 39 at 9:44am. This was Shanghai’s first orange alert of heavy fog since th e arrival of autumn.

Several expressways in the city were closed or subject to speed limits yesterday morning.

Pudong International Airport was also affected by the bad weather. The airport’s traffic was about 60 percent less than normal in the morning but picked up the 40 after the orange alert was canceled, the city’s television station said.

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

A new idea called ‘business at the speed of thought’ is quite popular in business world. It makes quick marketing progress, but it also presents a 41 way to run a company. Here’re the main 42 : The businesses today that will succeed are those able to jump around in high spirits. Chances must be seized immediately and decisions made quickly. Everyone needs more immediate answers, and the window of expected 43 to any questions has dropped from weeks to days even to hours.

The problem with this way of thinking is that too often such quickness comes at the expense of 44 understanding the details of a situation. Sure, the networked society allows us to gather information within a short time, but does it really 45 up our ability to make better decisions? How do you balance the 46 for speed with sharp and correct thinking? That’s the 47 on the minds of a lot of people these days, including Future Shock author, Alvin Toffler, who studies the idea in our cover story. It’s also a 48 of a new study by Kepner Tregoe. It reports that 77 percent of managers believe that during the past three years the number of decisions they made each workday has increased. But 85 percent of those same people say the time given to making those decisions has either 49 or stayed the same. Result: Speed kills. Different opinions are not shared. Other choices are 50 too easily. Aims never seem to be clear. 51 , good records aren’t kept about how successful decisions are made. If your company really does well, the Kepner report suggests 52 the decision-making process and figuring out what you did right. Study your successes, as well as your failures.

Fast decision-making is a necessity sometimes-no question about that．But decisions are only as good as the 53 go in to them. By that measure, many of today’s decisions are weak and could 54 some companies at the knees. Business may be keeping the quickness of 55 , but it’s going to be torn to pieces if managers are not thinking with great care and patience.

41. A. numerous B. clear C. dangerous D. bright

42. A. points B. matters C. solution D. barriers

43. A. response B. rejection C. acceptance D. methods

44. A. rapidly B. properly C. timely D. widely

45. A. arouse B. cultivate C. decline D. speed

46. A. technique B. thirst C. passion D. need

47. A. idea B. thought C. doubt D. puzzle

48. A. subject B. aim C. project D. discovery

49. A. decreased B. changed C. increased D. lengthened

50. A. made B. accepted C. dismissed D. discussed

51. A. Otherwise B. On the contrary C. For example D. Therefore

52. A. setting aside B. breaking out C. turning out D. taking apart

53. A. questions B. thoughts C. eyes D. brains

54. A. cut up B. cut off C. turn down D. turn off

55. A. expanding B. running C. thought D. exploration

Section B

(A)

We do not stop playing because we are old; we grow old because we stop playing. That’s what I learnt from my new and special friend. On the first day of school our professor introduced himself and challenged us to get to know someone we didn’t know.

I looked around when a gentle hand touched my shoulder. I turned around to find a wrinkled, little old lady with a smile. She said, “Hi, handsome. My name is Rose. I’m eighty-seven years old. Can I give you a hug?” I laughed and enthusiastically responded, “Of course you may!” She gave me a giant squeeze. “Why are you in college at such a young innocent age?” I asked jokingly. “I always dreamed of having a college education and now I’m getting one!” she replied. After class we walked to the Students Union building and shared a chocolate milkshake there. We became instant friends.

Every day of the next three months we would leave class together and talk nonstop. I was always listening to this “time machine” as she shared her wisdom and experience with me. Over the course of the year, Rose became a campus icon and she easily made friends whenever she went. At the end of the semester we in vited Rose to speak at our football dinner. I’ll never forget what she taught us.

“There is a huge difference between growing older and growing up. Anybody can grow old. That doesn’t take any talent or ability. The idea is to grow up by always finding opp ortunities in change. Have no regrets. The elderly usually don’t have regrets for what we did, but rather for things we did not do. The only people who fear death are those with regrets．”

She concluded her speech by courageously singing The Song of Rose. She challenged each of us to study the lyrics（歌词）and live them out in our daily life. At the year’s end, Rose finished the college degree she had begun all those years ago. One week after graduation Rose died peacefully in her sleep.

56. What happened to the author on the first day of school?

A．He joined the Student Union. B．He got to know an old professor.

C．He made the acquaintance of an old lady. D．He had to share a milkshake with others.

57. In the author’s eyes, __________.

A．Rose was silent and skilled. B．Rose was talented and hardworking.

C．Rose was innocent and generous. D．Rose was courageous and her words were inspiring.

58. Which saying might Rose possibly support?

A．Rome was not built in a day. B．One is never too old to learn.

C．It is no use crying over spilt milk. D．Great minds think alike.

(B)

Become an Atlantis Jr. Aquarist and spend 3 days working with marine life! Food prepping to feeding the animals to snorkeling and learning about coral reefs, it’s a week of marine adventure!

59. All the information is included in the advertisement EXCEPT________.

A. camp hours

B. camp price

C. things to bring

D. daily schedules

60. The underlined phrase “subject to” is closest in meaning to ________.

A. related to

B. due to

C. likely to

D. depending on

61. All the activities are included in the camp schedule EXCEPT ________.

A. feeding marine life

B. preparing food for animals

C. playing with sharks

D. learning about coral reefs

62. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?

A. All attendees will check in and have a welcome dinner on the first day.

B. All attendees must check out on the last day.

C. The price covers all the expenses including accommodation.

D. You can have a 5-day experience working with marine life in the camp.

(C)

Scientists have invented a way to determine roughly where a person has lived using a strand of hair, a technique that could help track the movements of criminal suspects or unidentified murder victims.

The method relies on measuring how chemical variations in drinking water show up in people’s hair.

“You’re what you eat and drink, and that’s recorded in your hair,” said Thure Cerling, a geologist at the University of Utah.

While the U.S. diet is relatively identical, water supplies vary. The differences result from weather patterns. The chemical composition of rainfall changes slightly as rain clouds move.

Most hydrogen and oxygen atoms in water are stable, but traces of both elements are also present as heavier isotopes (同位素). The heaviest rain falls first. As a result, storms that form over the Pacific deliver heavier water to California than to Utah.

Similar patterns exist throughout the U.S.. By measuring the proportion of heavier hydrogen and oxygen isotopes along a strand of hair, scientists can construct a geographic timeline. Each inch of hair is equivalent to about two months.

Cerling’s team collected tap water samples from 600 cities and constructed a map of the regional differences. They checked the accuracy of the map by testing 200 hair samples collected from 65 barber shops.

They were able to accurately place the hair samples in broad regions roughly equivalent to the movement of rain systems.

“It’s not good for pinpointing（精确定位）, ” Cerling said. “It’s good for eliminating many possibilities.”

Told Park, a local detective, said the method has helped him learn more about an unidentified woman whose skeleton was found near Great Salt Lake.

The woman was 5 feet tall. Police recovered 26 bones, a T-shirt and several strands of hair.

When Park heard about the research, he gave the hair samples to the researchers. Chemical testing showed that over the two years before her death, she moved about every two months.

She stayed in the Northwest, although the test could not be more specific than somewhere between eastern Oregon and western Wyoming.

“It’s still a substantial area,” Park said,“But it narrows its way down for me.”

63. What is the scientists’ new discovery?

A. One’s hair growth has to do with the amount of water they drink.

B. Hair analysis accurately identifies criminal suspects.

C. A person’s hair may reveal where they have lived.

D. The chemical composition of hair varies from person to person.

64. What does the author mean by “You’re what you eat and drink.” in Para.3?

A. Food and drink leave traces in one’s body tissues.

B. Food and drink preferences vary with individuals.

C. Food and drink affect one’s personality development.

D. Food and drink are similar to one’s existence.

65. What is said about the rainfall in American’s West?

A. There is much more rainfall in California than in Utah.

B. The water it delivers becomes lighter when it moves inland.

C. Its chemical composition is less stable than in other areas.

D. It gathers more light isotopes as it moves eastward.

66. What is the practical value of Cerling’s research?

A. It helps analyze the quality of water in different regions.

B. It helps the police determine where a crime is committed.

C. It helps identify the drinking habits of the person under investigation.

D. It helps the police narrow down possibilities in detective work.

Section C

Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

For centuries, people have wondered about the strange things that they dream about. Some psychologists say that this nighttime activity of the mind has no special meaning. Others, however, think that dreams are an important part of our lives. In fact, many experts believe that dreams can tell us about a person's mind and emotions.

Before modern times, many people thought that dreams contained messages from God. It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams in a scientific way.

The Austrian psychologist, Sigmund Freud, was probably the first person to study dreams scientifically. In his famous book, The interpretation of Dreams (1900), Freud wrote that dreams are an expression of a person's wishes. He believed that (67) ___________

The Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung was once a student of Freud's. Jung, however, had a different idea about dreams. Jung believed that the purpose of a dream was to communicate a message to the dreamer. (68) ___________ For example, people who dream about falling may learn that they have too high an opinion of themselves. On the other hand, people who dream about being heroes may learn that they think too little of themselves.

Modern-day psychologists continue to develop theories about dreams. For example, psychologist William Domhoff from the University of California, Santa Cruz, believes that dreams are tightly linked to a person's daily life, thoughts, and behavior. (69) ___________ Domhoff believes that there is a connection between dreams and age. His research shows that children do not dream as much as adults. According to Domhoff, dreaming is a mental skill that needs time to develop.

He has also found a link between dreams and gender. His studies show that the dreams of men and women are different. For example, the people in men's dreams are often other men, and the dreams often involve fighting. This is not true of women's dreams. Domhoff found this gender difference in the dreams of people from 11 cultures around the world, including both modern and traditional ones.

Can dreams help us understand ourselves? Psychologists continue to try to answer this question in different ways. (70) ___________ The dream may have meaning, but it does not mean that some terrible event will actually take place. It's important to remember that the world of dreams is not the real world.

IV. Summary Writing

Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage with no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it’s painful? This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.

During the hours when you labor through your work you may say that you’re “hot”. That’s true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues (自言自语) as: “Get up, John! You’ll be late for work again!” The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.

You can’t change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you’re sleepy in the evening but feel you must st ay up late anyway. Counteract（对抗）your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If our energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This won’t change your cycle,but you’ll get up steam (鼓起干劲) and work better at your low point.

Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours. V. Translation

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

72.她经常在周末带她儿子去音乐会，让他受到艺术的熏陶。（expose）

_________________________________________________________________________ 73.我做梦也想不到会在这次化学竞赛中获一等奖。（Little）

_________________________________________________________________________ 74.对于越来越多的城市居民而言，有车意味着得拼命去找一个停车位。(mean)

_________________________________________________________________________ 75.有些动物灭绝的原因是它们无法适应新的环境，因此我们必须注意保持生态平衡。

（adapt）

______________________________________________________________________ VI. Guided Writing

Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

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