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初中英语语法详解与训练——连词用法详解

初中英语语法详解与训练——连词用法详解
初中英语语法详解与训练——连词用法详解

——连词部分

连词在句中的作用是把词与词、短语与短语、句子与句子连接起来。它不能在句中单独作句子成分。知识点概述

并列连词和从属连词的用法

连词是连结单词、短语、从句或句子的虚词,在句子中不单独作句子成份。

连词按其性质可分为:

1.并列连词如:and, or, but, for, 等,连接并列的词与词,短语与短语,句子与句子。

如:Rice and potatoes are common foods. (词与词)

Today we can travel by plane. (短语与短语)

Many trees lose their leaves in winter, but evergreen trees do not. (句子与句子)关联连词是一类成对使用的连词

如:both……and……, not……but…….

not only……but also…… not only…but… as well

either……or…… neither……nor……

关联连词必须后接同样的语法结构。

如:Either the windows were opened or the door was opened.

2.从属连词如:that, whether, when, because, though 等,用以引导名词性从句和状语从句。

3.从属连词引导的从句不可以被断成一个句子。如果断开,就错了。

如:When the alarm clock rang. (不完整)

4.though (although)引导让步状语从句,because 引导原因状语从句,所以though(although)不能和并列连词but ,because 不能和并列连词so一起使用。只能单独使用。

二、复习时需要注意的要点

(1)表示选择关系的连词,连接的双方只取其一。常用连词有or, either...or, otherwise

例如:

1)You can go to Beijing either today or tomorrow

2)You must get up early or you won’t catch the early bus.

(2)表示转折关系,连接的双方构成对比,意义上有转折。常用连词有but, however, while, only

例如:

1)His brother is fond of football while he likes basketball.

2)You can watch TV, but you must finish your homework first.

(3)表示联合关系,联合的双方是对等的,意义上趋向一致。常用连词有:and, both...and, neither...nor, not only...but also, as well as, together with

例如:

1)To study English well, we need both diligence and careful.

2)That horse is not only the youngest among the five, but also runs the fastest.

(4)表示因果关系,连接的双方,互为因果,或者前因后果,或者前果后因。常用的连词有:for, so, therefore

例如:

1)It must have rained, for the ground is wet.

2)You are in the right, therefore they should support you.

实战演练

一、例题选讲

例1he did not know much English,he got out his dictionary and looked up the word.

A.As B.For

C.Since D.Because

答案:A

提示:for,because和as虽皆可作连词用,表示“因为”,但用法有些区别。for引导的分句总是置于另一分句之后,常常对前一分句加以解释,两个分句之间,总是用逗号分开。because

引导的原因状语从句时,往往以why问句,语气比较重,传递的往往是对方未了解的新

信息。as引导的原因状语从句时,往往是对方也知道的信息。本句是他拿出词典查,显然,

“他知道的英语单词不多”,这是明摆着的事,所以用as最恰当。

例2you don't feel well,you'd better stay at home.

A.Because B.Since/If

C.For D.Now

答案:B

例3I don’t know he has received the package.

A.if B.when

C.what D.how many

答案:A

提示:if表示是否,when不能与现在完成时连用。

例4Come tomorrow, I will give it to you.

A.or B.and

C.though D.if

答案:B

提示:and在此处解释为“那么”,表示递进关系。

例5The teacher his students likes football.

A.and B.as well as

C.and also D.also

答案:B

提示:as well as 连接两个主语用靠前原则。

例6We were having lunch some one knocked at the door.

A.as B. a soon as

C.when D.while

答案:C

提示:when在这里解释“就在那时”

现代汉语连词

并列关系连词:和、跟、与、既、同、及、而、况、况且、何况、乃至等。 承接关系连词:则、乃、就、而、便、于是、然后、至于、说到、此外、像、如、一般、比方、接着等。 转折关系连词:却、虽然、但是、然而、而、偏偏、只是、不过、至于、致、不料、岂知等。 因果关系连词:原来、因为、由于、以便、因此、所以、是故、以致等。 选择关系连词:或、或者、还是、亦、非…即、不是…就是等。 假设关系连词:若、如果、若是、假如、只要、除非、假使、倘若、即使、假若、要是、譬如等。 比较关系连词:像、好比、如同、似乎、等于;不如、不及;与其…不如、若…则、虽然…可是等。 让步关系连词:虽然、固然、尽管、纵然、即使等。 递进关系连词:不但、不仅、而且、何况、并、且等。条件关系连词:... 现代汉语连词 一、连词的性质、特征和类别 汉语的连词是一种具有多层级连接功能的虚词,既可以连接词和短语,也可以连接小句和句子,还可以连接句子和句组。而且,连词除了具有连接的语法功能之外,还兼有修饰的语义功能和表述的语用功能。例如:长期以来,“钻石男”一直是许多女人梦寐以求的择偶对象。但在这个物欲横流的社会,和“钻石男”组建家庭需要面对太多不安定因素,高风险下未必获得高回报。“牛奋男”虽然暂时没有良好的经济基础,但却拥有可靠的人格魅力和信得过的品质;不乏上进心,能够为家庭努力奋斗;对爱情忠诚度高,像牛一样执着。《比钻石男靠谱的牛奋男长啥样?》2010-09-07中国日报网) 前一个“但”连接句子构成句组,后一个“但”连接分句,构成复句。 连词在句法功能上主要具有以下四个方面的特征: a连词是粘附的,本身不能单说,也不能同被连一方一起单说。比如:儿子和女儿或快或慢只有亲自去一趟,才能了解实际情况。 [* ]和女儿 [*]或慢只有亲自去一趟,[* ] 在对话中,会话一方单用的连词其实是配合关系的合用。比如:路上出车祸了,塞车了。-----哦,难怪好多人到现在还没来到呢。 你去通知他们一声。-----要是他们不同意提前呢?-----那就不等他们了。 上面“难怪、可、要是”看似是同所连接的成分单用,其实都是在对话中,从会话双方所组成的整个话轮看,上面的“连词X”是整个复句的一部分。 b连词不能被其他词语修饰。也就是说连词前面出现的修饰语,都不是修饰连词本身的,而是修饰整个由连词引导的分句的。比如: 正因为这一带饭店太多了,所以大家生意都不好。 不论你愿意不愿意,也不论你是否已作好准备,现在没有其他办法,只有马上行动。 显然,“正因为、也不论、更为了”在汉语中单用都是不能成立的。 c同类连词不能在同一层次上连用。比如: *要是如果明天早晨下大雨,他们可能就不会来了。 *因为由于这两天他身体不太好,其他事情又多,所以没有接受我们的邀请。

英语连词用法详解

英语连词用法详解 一、单项选择连词 1.Owen wouldn’t eat anything ________ he cooked it himself. A.until B.since C.unless D.while 【答案】C 【解析】 句意:欧文不吃任何东西,除非这种东西是他自己亲自烹饪的。unless“除非”,符合语境。 2._______ your opinions are worth considering, the committee finds it unwise to place too much importance on them. A.As B.Since C.Once D.While 【答案】D 【解析】While尽管,在本题中引导让步状语从句。尽管你的观点值得考虑,委员会发现过于重视它们是不明智的。 3.He was about to tell me the secret __ _____ someone patted him on the shoulder. A.as B.until C.while D.when 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析:句意:她正要告诉我这个秘密,这时有人拍了一下她的肩膀。beabouttodo...when...是固定句型,意为“正要做……这时……”。 考点:考查连词。 【名师点睛】 用when引导时间状语从句的句型结构搭配 beabouttodosthwhen刚要,即将;正要做某事,突然发生其他事 bedoingsthwhen正在做某事突然 haddonesthwhen刚刚做过某事突然 beatthepointofdoingsthwhen就在做某事的关键时刻突然 scarcely...when/hardly...when几乎未来得及就…;刚一……就…… nosooner...than一……就…… 4.How long do you think it will be ________ the computer company brings out a new product? A.until B.when C.before D.that 【答案】C 【解析】分析句子,可知这是一个时间状语从句。根据句意,可知选C。 句意: 你认为在电脑公司发布一种新的产品之前,还需要经过多长的时间呢?

初中英语语法之连词练习题

连词 (一) 正误辨析 1、[误]Both my parents are not here. They went to the concert just now. [正]Neither of my parents is here. They went to the concert just now. [析]在英语中both一般用于肯定句中,如用于否定句中,其意义也不同于汉语,如:Both of us are not right. 在英语中应被理解为"我们俩不都对。"而Neither of us is right。才能被理解为"我们俩无一正确"。 2、[误]He or his parents has some tickets for the film. [正]He or his parents have some tickets for the film. [析]由or 连接两主语时,谓语动词应与相临近的那一个主语保持一致。 3、[误]You should study hard, and you won't pass the exam. [正]You should study hard, or you won't pass the exam. [析]or作为连词,这里的意思为"否则"。又如:Hurry up, or you'll be late for school. 4、[误]Though he is poor, but he is ready to help others. [正]Though he is poor, he is ready to help others. [正]He is poor, but he is ready to help others. [析]"虽然……但是"是中文中的常用结构,但在英文中用了"虽然"则不要用"但是",用了"但是"则不能再用"虽然",二者只可用其一。 5、[误]Either you or I are on duty. [正]Either you or I am on duty. [析]either…or 连接两个主语时,其谓语动词与相临近的一个主语相呼应,这也叫作就近原则。类似的用法还有or, neither…nor, not only…but also等。 6、[误]Tom is our English teacher and teaching English in our school now. [正]Tom is our English teacher and is teaching English in our school now. [析]并列句中常常在后面的句子中作一些省略,以免重复,但不是所有词都可作任意的省略的。当你连接的是两个系动词时,后面的那个系动词不可省略,也就是讲连接的部分不可省略。 7、[误]My father likes swimming and to collect stamps. [正]My father likes swimming and collecting stamps. [析]由并列连词连接的两个部分要保持相等的语法结构。如是动名词则都用动名词,如用不定式则都应用不定式,这是初学者要注意的一点。 8、[误]My father is reading a newspaper, I am doing my homework. [正]My father is reading a newspaper while I am doing my homework. [析]两个并列句中间不可用逗号连接,要用并列连词来连接。 9、[误]My father asked me that if I wanted to learn how to drive. [正]My father asked me if I wanted to learn how to drive. [析]宾语从句的连接词只能有一个不能重复使用。 10、[误]We will go both to Beijing and Shanghai. [正]We will go to both Beijing and Shanghai. [析]用both…and…作连接词时,其相连接的部分结构也要相同。 11、[误]Not only Mary but also her brothers is going to dance. [正]Not only Mary but also her brothers are going to dance. [析]由not only…but also…连接两个主语时,其重点在其后面的那一个主语,所以谓语形式应采用就近原则。

连词的用法教案(一)(初中英语)

教学过程 一、复习预习 教师引导学生复习上节课所学的内容复习,(以提问、回顾的形式进行),针对上节课的作业进行讲评、订正、答疑,并通过简单的句子导入本节课所要学习的连词。 连词含义:连词是一种虚词,它不能独立担任句子成分而只起连接词与词,短语与短语以及句与句的作用。连词主要可分为两类:并列连词和从属连词。 二、知识讲解 知识点1:并列关系连词的用法 在句子中并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组和分句。常用的并列连词有:and,both…and,not only…but also,as well as,neither…nor等。 1. 【考查点】单个连词及固定搭配的用法。 如:They sat down and talked about something. 他们坐下来并且讨论一些事情。 She plays not only the piano, but (also) the guitar. 她不仅弹钢琴而且还弹吉他。 注意:not only… but also关联两个分句时,一个分句因有否定词not 而必须倒装。 Not only does he like reading stories, but also he can even write some. 他不仅喜欢读故事书,甚至能写一些。 2.【易错点】1) 并列结构中,or通常用于否定句,and用于肯定句。

2) 但有时and也可用于否定句。请注意其不同特点: There is no air or water in the moon. 在月球上没有空气和水。 There is no air and no water on the moon. 在月球上没有空气没有水。 在否定中并列结构用or 连接,但含有两个否定词的句子实际被看作是肯定结构,因此要用and。 知识点2:表示选择关系的连词 1.【考查点】选择关系的连词及固定搭配 or意思为"或则"。either…or意思为"或者……或者……"or else/ otherwise 否则 如:Which do you prefer, tea, coffee, or juice ? 你喜欢哪一个,茶,咖啡还是果汁? Either you or I am right. 你和我有一个是正确的。 Be silent, or else you will be kicked out. 保持沉默,否则你将会背开除。 I am tired, otherwise, I would play. 我很累,不然的话我就去玩了。 知识点3:表示转折或对比关系的连词 1.表示转折关系和对比关系的连词有but,while,yet,however等 2.【考查点】转折关系连词的用法 如:He is rich but unhappy. 他很富裕但不快乐。 Some people love cats, while others hate them. 有些人喜欢猫,而有些则讨厌他们。 She said she would be late, yet she arrived on time. 她说她将会迟到,然而他却准时到达了。 She does not like him, however, I like him. 她不喜欢他,但是我喜欢他。 They were not the bones of an animal, but (the bones) of a human being. 他们不是动物的骨头而是人类的。 注意:not 和but 后面的用词要遵循一致原则。 2.【易错点】but和however的区别。However后有逗号,but没有。 知识点4:表示因果关系的连词 1.【考查点】for因为,做并列连词使用时,是在对先行的句子补述原因或者理由, 以连接句子与句子,通常不置于句首。so, therefore 因此,then那么,因而。 如:He is absent today, for he is ill. 他今天缺席了因为他生病了。 He hurt his leg, so he couldn't play in the game. 他的腿受伤了,因此不能参加这个游戏。 知识点5:谓语动词单复数的判断 1.【考查点】句子有as well as,neither…or等连词时注意谓语动词的单复数。

初中英语语法知识—并列连词的专项训练(1)

一、选择题 1.I quite like noodles_________ my cousin doesn't. A.or B.so C.and D.but 2.I know her, ____________I forget(忘了)her name. A.so B.and C.but 3.I live far away from my school, ________ I have to get up early every day. A.and B.but C.so D.or 4.______ Lucy ______Wendy speaks good English, so they cannot communicate with these British students very well. A.Neither, nor B.Not only, but also C.Both, and D.Either, or 5.I really want to go back to my hometown, ________ I don't have time. A.if B.but C.or D.as 6.—Will you go to Nanjing by bus _____ by plane? —By plane. It is expensive ______ fast. A.or; but B.or; and C.and; but D.and; and 7.—Have you ever tried food in Singapore? —Yes.______ you like Indian food, Western food ______ Japanese food, you’ll find it all in Singapore. A.Either;or B.Neither;nor C.Both;and D.Whether;or 8.Is getting up late good____ bad for our health? A.and B.or C.but D.for 9.— Would you like some cakes? — No, thanks. They smell delicious I’m not hungry. A.and B.so C.but D.or 10.—Ancient Chinese believed that traveling ten thousand miles is as important as reading ten thousand books. —I agree. It’s just like the popular saying “Make sure that your body your soul(灵魂)is on the way.” A.both; and B.not; but C.neither; nor D.either; or 11.He ________ like baseball. ________ he likes football. A.don’t, but B.doesn’t, and C.doesn’t, but D./, and 12.Get up early, John. you will be late for the class. A.And B.But C.So D.Or 13.-I like apples,_______ I like pears, too. What about you,Linda? -Well,I like pears _______ I don't like apples. A.and;and B.but; but C.but;and D.and; but 14.The shop isn't open, she can’t buy her favourite chocolate.

英语连词用法总结(完整)

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