英语科普类“阅读理解”试题目解析下学期

科普类“阅读理解”试题解析

纵观2006年全国部分地区的中考英语试题,笔者发现科普类“阅读理解”题愈来愈受到命题者的青睐?而科普类文章往往具有跨学科?行文逻辑性强等特点,要求考生能从文章的整体逻辑以及重要细节上全面把握?但有些考生面对此类试题,常常表现出一种恐惧感,甚至觉得无从下手?鉴于此,笔者现以2006年全国部分地区中考英语科普类“阅读理解”试题为例,对这类试题的特点及解题技巧浅析如下:

【试题特点】

①注重学科渗透,行文逻辑性强,内容抽象?

②贴近学生的学习?生活实际,有利于激发学生的思维,对选拔优秀考生有一定的作用?

③能全面地考查学生的综合阅读能力和运用所学知识去分析?解决实际问题的能力?

【解题技巧】

对于科普类文章,笔者认为最有效的解题方法便是“通读全文→浏览题目→再次阅读文章,筛选信息,从而确定答案”?

通读全文旨在把握文章中心和文章脉络,简单地说,就是要弄明白文章的大意是什么以及文章是如何展开的?

浏览题目的目的就是要总结和把握命题人命题的角度和意图?简单地说,就是要弄清题目究竟是在考查文章的细节还是对文章进行推理,是考查哪些细节,又是如何考查的等等?

再次阅读文章,筛选信息,从而确定答案,就是在对文章大意?文章脉络以及命题角度有了相应的了解之后,带着问题再读文章?在再次阅读文章的过程中,要利用上下文语境,准确地捕捉与问题相关的信息点,这也是解题的关键点(技巧提示:可在相应位置上做出简单标记,以便检查时目标明确)?最后总结以上所有信息,确定答案?

下面以2006年部分地区中考英语试题为例,对上述的解题技巧作一全面的分析:

【试题精选1】(杭州市)

You have often looked into a mirror, of course. But y ou haven’t seen the real picture of your face yet. And why couldn’t you see it? When you look into a mirror, you don’t see your face as other people see it. You see a reversed picture. If you close your left eye, your picture closes its right eye. If you touch your right ear with your right hand, your picture touches its left ear with its left hand. If you have two small mirrors, you can see your face as your friends see it. You hold the two mirrors at right angles(角度) to each other and look into them. After some practice you will be able to see the real picture of your face.

Now close your left eye and your picture closes its left eye，too. Touch your right ear with your right hand and your picture touches its right ear with its right hand! This happens because each mirror reflected(反射) the picture in the other mirror. So you see a reversed picture of a reversed picture, which, of course, is the same as the real picture.

1. When you look into a mirror, you couldn’t see________ .

A. the picture of yourself

B. your face as others see it

C. the picture of your face

D. the picture of your eyes

2. What does the word “reversed” mean in this passage?

A. 暂存的.

B. 相反的.

C. 模拟的.

D. 虚拟的.

3. According to the first paragraph of the passage, if you close your left eye, your picture in the mirror________ .

A. closes its right eye

B. closes its left eye

C. touches its right ear

D. touches its left ear

4. Which of the following pictures is right according to the second paragraph of the passage?

M=mirror P=person

5. We can learn something about________from the passage.

A. body language

B. Physical Education(体育)

C. optical illusions(视错觉)

D. television invention

【答案与简析】按照“通读全文→浏览题目→再次阅读文章,筛选信息,从而确定答案”的解题思路简析如下:通览全文可知,本文主要讲述的是“关于平面镜成像引起视错觉”的问题?文章共分3小段,第一段是引出问题,即引出在镜中看到反像;第二段介绍一种成正像的方法;第三段简单分析原理?浏览题目可知,第1?3题是细节题,第2题是词义推测题,第4题是推断题,第5题是主旨归纳题?最后再次阅读文章,筛选信息,从而确定答案:从文章第一段中“When you look into a mirror, you don’t see your face as other people see it”可知,第1题答案为B; 从文章第一段最后两句的解释,尤其是left 和right 以及right 和left 的对应现象可以推断出划线单词的意思应该为“相反的”,故第2题的答案为B; 由第一段中“If you close your left eye, your picture closes its right eye”很容易确定第3题的答案为A;根据第二段的描述可知,两个镜子成直角(right angles ),人立于镜前,由此可推断出第4题的答案为B;通读全文可知,本文主要阐述的是视错觉的问题(即平面镜成反像的问题),故第5题的答案为C?

【试题精选2】(安徽省)

Can plants eat people? Probably not, but there are many plants that eat meat. Some of them are big. And they can eat small animals. One famous meat-eating plant is the Venus flytrap(捕蝇草).

The V enus flytrap is a very strange plant. It grows in dry parts of the United States. Its leaves are like the pages of a book. They can open and close very quickly. Inside the leaves, there are three small hairs. If a fly touches one of the hairs, the leaf closes quickly. The fly cannot get out. In about half an hour, the leaf presses the fly until it is dead. Then, the plant covers the fly. Slowly, the plant eats the fly.

Why do plants do it? Most plants get what they need from the sun, the air, and the ground. In some places, the ground is very poor. It doesn’t have all these important things, especially nitrogen(氮). Animal meat has a lot of nitrogen, so some plants eat me at to get what they need. Let’s hope that some of the bigger plants don’t get the same idea!

1. The Venus flytrap is a kind of________ .

A. plant

B. animal

C. food

D. meat

2. The Venus flytrap grows in________ .

A. most parts of the world

B. some parts of Africa

C. dry parts of the United States

D. wet parts of England

3. From the passage, we learn that________ .

A. all plants can eat people

B. all plants can eat animals

C. some plants can eat people

D. some plants can eat animals

4. The underlined word “presses” in the passage probably means “________” in Chinese.

A. 挤压

B. 关上

C. 打开

D. 松开

5. Some plants eat animal meat because________ .

A. plants are dangerous to animals

B. animals are dangerous to plants

C. plants want to get what they need from animal meat

D. plants want to protect themselves against animals

【答案与简析】按照“通读全文→浏览题目→再次阅读文章,筛选信息,从而确定答案”的解题思路简析如下:通览全文可知,本文主要介绍一种食肉植物捕蝇草?第一段引出说明对象,第二段介绍捕蝇草的生理结构特点和捕食方法,第三段分析部分植物食肉的原因?浏览题目可知,第1?2题是细节题,第3?5题为推断题,第四题为词义推测题?再次阅读文章,筛选信息,从而确定答案:由第一段可知捕蝇草是一种植物,故第1题的答案为A; 第二段第二句话交代了捕蝇草生活在dry parts of the United States,故第2题的答案为C;根据文章意思可知,只有部分植物食肉,故第3题的答案为D;根据上下文的意思推断, press 的意思应该是“挤压”,其他三个选项都与短文内容不符,故第4题的答案为A;从文章最后一段分析植物食肉的原因可知,第5题答案为C?

【真题训练1】(苏州市)

Food is life; it gives us the nourishment(营养) we need to stay alive and be healthy. Usually, we eat because we are hungry or need energy. Brian Wansink, a professor(教授) at the University of Illinois, says we also eat certain(某种) foods because they make us feel good, and remind us of happy memories. Wansink calls this kind of food comfort food. For some people, ice cream is a comfort food. For others, a bowl of noodles makes them feel good.

How does a food become comfort food? Professor Wansink believes that we connect food with important times, feelings, and people in our lives, “When I was a child, my mother made a delicious soup; I loved it. Now, I often eat this soup when I am tired or worried, and it helps me feel better,” says one of Wansink’s friends.

Do men and women choose different comfort foods? Wansink’s research(研究) at the University of Illinois says “yes”. In his study, the favorite comfort for both men and women was ice cream. After this, men usually preferred hot, delicious foods like soup or noodles. Women liked sweet things such as chocolate and candies. Men and women like to eat comfort foods when they are happy, but women eat these foods more when they are sad or worried.

1. According to the passage, a kind of food that makes us feel good is called________ .

A. fast food

B. healthy food

C. Chinese food

D. comfort food

2. In Wansink’s study, both men and women like to eat________ .

A. soup

B. ice cream

C. noodles

D. chocolates

3. The passage implies(暗示) that________ .

A. men probably eat more comfort foods than women

B. women usually eat comfort foods only when they are happy

C. men usually eat comfort foods when they are sad

D. women probably eat comfort foods more often than men

【真题训练2】(江苏启东中学)

Do you feel a lit tle sleepy after lunch? Well, that’s normal. Your body naturally slows down then.

What should you do about it? Don’t reach for a coffee! Instead, take a nap.

There are many benefits(好处) of a daily nap. First of all, you are more efficient(有效率) after napping. You remember things better and make fewer mistakes. Also, you can learn things more easily after taking a nap. A 20-minute nap can reduce information overload. It can also reduce stress. Finally, a nap may increase your self-confidence and make you more alert(灵活). It may even cheer you up.

But, there are some simple rules you should follow about taking a nap. First, take a nap in the middle of the day, about eight hours after you wake up. Otherwise, you may disturb your sleep-wake pattern. Next, a 20-minute nap is best. If you sleep longer, you may fall into a deep sleep. After waking from a deep sleep, you will feel worse. Also, you should set an alarm clock. That way, you can fully relax during your nap. You won’t have to keep looking at the clock so that you don’t oversleep.

Now, the next time you feel sleepy after lunch, don’t get stressed. Put your head down, close your eyes, and have forty winks.

4. What is a good rule for taking a nap?

A. Use an alarm clock.

B. Nap eight hours after waking up.

C. Sleep for about half an hour.

D. All of the above.

5. According to the passage, what is NOT a benefit of napping?

A. It makes you stronger.

B. It makes you feel happier.

C. It gives you more self-confidence.

D. It improves your memory.

6. Which may happen if an alarm clock is not used?

A. You may relax more.

B. You may feel too nervous to relax.

C. You may forget an important meeting.

D. You may not reduce your napping time.

7. In the last paragraph, “have forty winks” can be replaced by “________”.

A. do eye-protection exercises

B. close your eyes for forty times

C. have a short sleep during the daytime

D. pretend to have a quick nap after lunch

【真题训练3】(资阳市)

Happy New Years!

Today is March 17th. About two and a half months ago, I s aid “Happy New Year!” to many of my friends. About fifty days ago, I said the same thing to some other friends. In about four days, I’ll say the same wishes to yet another group of friends. I’ll do the same thing in July and also in September. “How can that be?” you might ask(if you’re from Western Europe or the Americas).“Everyone knows that New Year’s Day is in January!”

In fact, the date of New Year’s Day depends on the calendar(日历)——and I have friends who

use one or more of five different calendars to keep track of at least part of their lives:

●January 1st: New Year’s Day on the Western/international calendar

●In January or February(in 2006, January 29th): New Year’s Day on the Chinese calendar(China, Korea, and a few other places)

●March 21st: New Year’s Day on the traditional Persian(波斯)calendar

●Mid-July(usually the 16th): New Year’s Day on the Islamic(穆斯林) calendar

●September: New Year’s Day on most Eastern Orthodox Church(东正教) calendars(Central and Eastern Europe)and, usually, on the Jewish calendar

And these are just the New Year’s Days that I know about! As a matter of fact, there areprobably even more!

8. The first time the writer said “Happy New Year!” was about January 1st. The second time was on or after________ .

A. February 28th

B. the middle of March

C. January 29th

D. March 21st

9. The writer will say “Happy New Year” around March 21st to some________friends.

A. Chinese

B. Korean

C. Persian

D. Eastern Orthodox

10. According to the passage, we can infer that the exact(准确的) dates for the two New Year’s Days in September are________ .

A. probably different

B. not always in September

C. probably the same

D. after September

11. The meaning of “keep track of” in the passage is “________”.

A. understand

B. choose

C. manage

D. forget

12. The Chinese calendar is used________ .

A. only in China

B. in several different places

C. only in China and Korea

D. all over the world

13. The word “Years” in the title of this article________ .

A. means that January 1st is at different times on different calendars

B. is a mistake and should be “Year”

C. is used because New Year’s Day is at different times on different calendars

D. means that the writer was polite

Key: 1-5 DBDDA6-10 BCCCA11-13 CBC

初中英语阅读理解解题技巧及经典题型

（一）阅读是获得更综合、更复杂、更精确信息的必要手段，考生在做阅读理解时，不仅要看懂文章的字面意思，还需要针对不同题材和体裁的篇目运用不同的方法作出正确的选择。一般来说，词汇、阅读速度和理解能力是阅读理解中三个最重要且有相互联系的因素。 阅读的方法可以使用以下几种： 1.跳读：就是快速的一步阅读法。实际上是有选择阅读，找关键词。用这种阅读方法回答who、what、when、where之类的问题最为有效。 2.略读：指比跳读慢些的二步阅读法。即泛泛地、粗略地快速阅读，目的是了解大意，对文章有个总的概念。此种阅读方法能回答why、how之类的问题。 3.精读：即最细致、最慢的深层阅读方法，目的是求得对所读文章的全部意义的理解与掌握。 在使用阅读技巧时尽量做到以下几点： 1.带着问题阅读短文。 2.找出主题句、确定中心思想。 3.推断单词、句子和文章的含义。 4.尽快选择答案。 （二）不同体裁文章的特点及解题技巧 1.记叙文 记叙文又可分传记类和故事类。传记类文章在阅读中时间是全文的关键，根据时间我们可以找到相关的事件，抓住文章的主要内容。故事类文章情节性较强，阅读时要注意故事中的时间、地点、人物和发生的事件，这些都是文章中的主要内容和信息，对于准确理解文章十分重要。 2.说明文 说明文是对事物的形状、性质、特征、成果或功用等进行介绍，解释或阐述的文章。把握所说明事物的特征和本质是理解说明文的关键。说明事物特征的方法很多，主要有定义法、解释法、比较法、比喻法、数字法、图表法、引用法和举例法等。 ●数字说明文 在阅读数字说明文时要特别注意文中数字的含义，从这些数字中可以找到文章的主要内容。 ●解释说明文

高中英语阅读理解(科普环保类)

高中英语阅读理解（科普环保类） Passage 1 Canadian smart phone maker Research In Motion (RIM), which makes the BlackBerry, says it’s back. The company is 1 to reclaim a market it once dominated by 2 two new devices. The last few years have been a painful time for the company as customers deserted its platform in 3 of newer and more 4 devices. This may be the company’s last chance to 5 a vital player in an increasingly crowded marketplace. Two brand new devices are perhaps a fresh 6 for a company that has seen its global market share 7 from 20 percent three years ago to just over 3 percent today. For BlackBerry CEO Thorsten Heins, it’s another chance to remake a faded8 . “We have 9 been on a journey of transformation, not only a journey to transform our business and our brand, 10 one that I truly 11 transforms mobile communications into true mobile computing,” he said. The company promises the same 12 level of network security the BlackBerry is known for, 13a fast new browser and a more intuitive operating system. The Z10 14 much like the touch-screen phones popularized by its competitors, but the Q10 maintains the “qwerty” keyboard that has becom e BlackBerry’s trademark. Besides the technical and cosmetic (外观上的) updates, Heins says the company will no longer be called RIM or Research In Motion. “Our customers use a BlackBerry, our 15 work for BlackBerry and our shareholders are owners of BlackBerry. From today on, we are BlackBerry 16 in the world,” he said. Shareholders will be watching if customers 17 the new devices. The company’s stock has dropped as much as 90 percent in the last four years as it lost 18 to competitors. But company shares have doubled in the last four months as anticipation (预期) 19 for the new models. Analysts say the new devices could make or 20 a company, which many people praise for starting the technological revolution in smart-phones. 1.. A. refusing B. trying C. urging D. pretending 2.. A. introducing B. reviewing C. rejecting D. discovering 3.. A. favor B. charge C. honor D. defense 4.. A. popular B. expensive C. complicated D. familiar 5.. A. replace B. react C. remain D. reset 6.. A. record B. dilemma C. end D. start 7.. A. lose B. increase C. rise D. fall 8.. A. brand B. trade C. technique D. phone 9.. A. specially B. definitely C. doubtfully D. essentially 10.. A. and B. or C. but D. so 11.. A. agree B. believe C. suspect D. deny 12.. A. high B. average C. backward D. normal 13.. A. except for B. regardless of C. apart from D. along with 14.. A. sounds B. smells C. looks D. finds 15.. A. employees B. consumers C. relatives D. competitors 16.. A. however B. whenever C. nowhere D. everywhere

初中英语阅读理解常见题型及答题技巧[1]

初中英语阅读理解常见题型及答题技巧 从近几年的中考阅读理解情况看，短文体裁多样，题材各异，文章涉及科学知识、社会文化、政治历史、人文环境和日常生活等方面，充分体现其时代性、实用性。短文难度逐年加大。常见题型有主旨题、细节题、推断题、猜测词义题和正误判断题。 做阅读理解练习应先看问题，弄清考点。在阅读短文之前，快速浏览问题，以便在阅读短文时做到心中有数，快速、准确地捕捉所要信息。先易后难。做题时不必拘泥于书中所呈现的语篇顺序，应遵循先易后难的原则。如可先做细节题再做推断题，因为细节题大多能直接从文中找到答案，而推断题则需对短文进行深层理解，再作判断。 （一）主旨题 主旨题主要考查学生对短文中心思想或作者意图的掌握。做此类题时，应通读全文，理解文章大意，充分理解主题句的意义。短文往往围绕主题句展开，主题句通常出现在短文第一句或最后一句。 （二）细节题 细节题是用来进一步表达主题，体现中心思想的，往往针对短文某个细节来设题。做此类题时，应快速捕捉信息，可能是一些事例、数字等，阅读时要有针对性。 （三）推断题 推断题就是根据某个事实推断结论，主要考查学生的理解力和推断力。这类推断通常包括：数据事实推断、常识推断以及作者的写作目的、态度和倾向等的推断。做此类题时，应根据短文中的相关语句，对与事实有关的细节加以分析，找出线索，悟出字里行间的意思，反复比较，从而作出合乎逻辑的判断。 （四）猜测词义题 猜测词义题主要考查学生根据上下文正确判断灵活变化的词义能力。一般情况下，推断词义的题目中所出现的单词，大多数是学生未曾见过的生词，学生需要在该词出现的上下文中去寻找线索。通过阅读上下文，断定该词的真正含义，然后将这个释义代入文中，检查是否贴切，仔细比较直到得出该词的确切的含义。 （五）正误判断题 正误判断题主要考查学生对文章的具体事实、信息的理解能力。一般是根据文章的事实或细节，给出一个句子，判断其正误。这类题比较直接，难度相对较小。做此类题时，应先看题，后带着“问题”快速阅读短文，寻找所需要的信息。初中英语阅读理解题已成为评估学生英语水平的重要测试题型，在中考英语试卷中所占比重较大。阅读理解题主要是考查学生综合运用所学语言知识的能力，包括细节理解能力、词义判断能力、归纳概括能力及逻辑推理能力等。大致来说，阅读理解题主要针对如下方面：（1）个别词语或句子；（2）某一细节或情节；（3）主题；（4）背景知识；（5）结论或结局；（6）内涵隐意或寓意等。下面本人就根据阅读理解题的题型特点，来谈一些答题技巧。 一、直接理解题 这种题目比较简单，只要通读全文，了解文中所叙述的重要事实或细节就可以解答出来，有的甚至可以从文章的原句中直接找到答案。此类题目的出题形式很多，例如：

英语阅读理解(科普环保)提高训练含解析

英语阅读理解(科普环保)提高训练含解析 一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类 1．犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Why does time seem to fly by faster as we get old? You've got your aging brain to blame. This is likely due largely to the physical changes of our nerves and neurons (神经元). New research suggests 'rapid fire' abilities of the young brain allow us to process more information during youth, causing the days to seem longer earlier in life. However, as we get old, researchers say the older brain takes more time to process information. The new finding put forward by a Duke University researcher was published in a paper in the journal European Review this week According to Adrian Bejan, the J. A Jones Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Duke, the physical changes of our nerves and neurons play, a major role in our perception (知觉) of time as we get old. Over the years these structures become more complex and eventually begin to degrade. "Little babies, for example, move their eyes much more often than adults because they're processing images at a faster rate," Beian says, For older people, this means fewer images are being processed in the same amount of time, causing experiences to seem as though they're happening more quickly. （1）What causes time to fly faster as we get old? A. Changes of our nerves and neurons. B. Information in our brain. C. The electrical signals. D. Rapid fire abilities. （2）What is unavoidable in the process of getting old? A. Longer days. B. Aging brains. C. More images. D. Less experience.（3）Why do the days seem longer earlier in life? A. Young people are more energetic in their life. B. The younger brain takes less time to process information. C. Old people have fewer things to do than young people. D. Little babies move their eyes much more often. （4）What is the best title of the text? A. Nerves and Neurons B. Time Flies Fast C. The Older, the Faster D. The Function of the Brain 【答案】（1）A （2）B （3）B （4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了为什么老年人会觉得时间过得较快，主要原因是随着年龄的增长，大脑中神经元的变化让老年人的大脑需要更多的时间来处理接收到

小学英语阅读理解的常见题型设置及解题技巧(附阅读材料)

小学英语阅读理解的常见题型设置及解题技巧 在小学阶段，阅读理解题型灵活多样，但主要有以下题型： 一、读一读，然后选一选。 这种题型的特点是在短文后给出若十个不完整的句子或若干个根据短文内容提出的问题，针对每一题都提供三到四个备选的答案，要求同学们在正确理解短文内容的基础上，从选项中选出一个正确的答案。这类试题的问题一般是紧扣短文内容编排的，既会涉及文章中的细节内容，如文中出现的人物、时间、地点、事件的前因后果等；也会涉及文章中某个词或某个句子的含义以及文章的主旨、大意和标题等。 The big day comes at last! Mrs Jones' third grade students are waiting quietly for her to come into the classroom. Today Amy brings some cakes, Joy brings some napkins, Carlos brings some soda water and Kate brings some cups. Everyone wants the party to he a surprise. Mrs Jones doesn't know the children have known today is her birthday. When she comes into the classroom, the children shout,“Happy birthday, Mrs Jones!”And then the children get a surprise,too. Mrs Jones brings everyone a party hat and an ice cream! 阅读短文，选择最佳答案。 ( ) 1. Mrs Jones' grade students are waiting for her. A. three B.third C.No.3 D.the third ( )2. Carlos brings some _____ ． A. cola B.napkins C.soda water D.cups ( )3．_____ brings some cakes. A. Amy B.Carlos C.Joey D.Kate 分析 题1短文的第二句话告诉我们是琼斯老师的三年级的学生们正静静地等候她的到来。在年级前面应该用序数词来表示，如果是在年级后面就应该用基数词表示。如：the third grade,=Grade Three.同时因为前面有定语Mrs Jones'，所以这里也应该不要the。 题2.3 短文介绍了几个同学分别带了一些东西。卡洛斯带了soda water （汽水），艾米带了蛋糕。 正确答案：1.B 2.C 3. A 二、读一读，然后判断句子正误。 该题型的特点是在短文后给出若干个句子，要求同学们根据短文内容，判断所给的句子意思是否与原文相符。做这类题应该联系短文内容进行发挥，主要是考查对意思相近或相反的几个句子进行鉴别、判断，或是变换词语、句子结构来测试同种意思的不同表达。 There are some public numbers. Do you know when to use these numbers? 110 is a number for calling policeman when you have meet some illegal things. 119 is a number using for a fire accident.

2019届高考英语阅读理解：科普类说明文----有解析

科教科普类 1、Australia leads the world in its number of resident poisonous spiders as well as the strength of their toxicity(毒性). However,of almost 9,800 species most are perfectly harmless and interesting. Spider diversity is broad and many fascinating species occur here that range from the large to the tiny and hardly noticed, and from the dullest black to the strangely shaped. Spiders can be roughly classified according to the strategies(策略) they use for feeding. Spiders which appeared earlier in the evolutionary scale feed by waiting in a cave for food to come along before grabbing it. Following them were spiders which actively wandered looking for food and which caught it by chasing it down. The evolution of flying insects makes spiders evolve ne w ways of catching food which couldn’t be chased and so the earliest air web weavers arose. Most spiders feed on insects and other arthropods but the Whistling Spider feeds on frogs and small birds. The Golden Orb Spider also feeds on small birds. A spider periodically sheds(蜕皮;脱落) its skin so that it can grow. Immature stages are called moults. Each species has a particular number of moults that it will go through before reaching its final adult stage. Usually, once male spiders have mated, they die shortly after. But, even in death, Redback males often serve a purpose. The already pregnant Redback females always kill their lover and, in most cases, also eat them. This provides them with a small reproductive advantage. Allowing spiders to take up places around houses can be beneficial in that they catch other annoying insects such as mosquitoes and flies. Rest assured that while you might see some large spiders, and perhaps even some poisonous ones, a good rule is to look and admire but don't touch any spider you find. Even those without poison could still have a nasty bite. 1.Different families of spiders are identified themselves by ______. A.their physical character B.their ways of getting food C.the strength of their toxicity D.their effect on the environment 2.What are the latest spiders in their evolution process?

(英语)英语阅读理解试题类型及其解题技巧

（英语）英语阅读理解试题类型及其解题技巧 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 The University of Birmingham is the first excellent UK Russell Group university to announce that it will accept the "Gaokao" exam for high-flying Chinese students wishing to join its undergraduate courses in 2019. High school students who complete the "National Higher Education Entrance Examination", or Gaokao, with top grades will be able to apply for direct entry onto Birmingham degree programmes without first completing a foundation year which is a routine for the freshman. Gaokao is usually taken by students in their last year of senior high school and, every year, each province in China sets the grades required to gain admission to its universities. It is usually held across China in early June. Students are tested in Chinese, Mathematics, a Foreign Language and social sciences or natural sciences. University of Birmingham Vice-Chancellor Professor Sir David Eastwood said: "The University of Birmingham has been challenging and developing great minds for more than a century. We welcome people from around the globe to study at Birmingham and Chinese students form an integral part of our education and research community. We are further opening access to Birmingham's wealth of education opportunities for the brightest and most dedicated Chinese students by accepting this strict and important qualification. I look forward to welcoming these high-flying students to the University of Birmingham. " Gaokao is increasingly accepted by universities in Australia, the USA, Canada and mainland Europe. Birmingham will only be considering high quality students who achieve a minimum 80% Gaokao score and meet additional academic and English language requirements. Professor J on Frampton, Director of the University of Birmingham's China Institute said:" The University of Birmingham has a long history of educating students from China and one of our most famous graduates is Li Siguang-the founding father of Chinese geology. I am delighted that the University is now accepting the Gaokao. This gives the brightest and best Chinese students an opportunity to move straight into the first year of our undergraduate programmes and experience the benefits of studying at a global Top 100 university, such as Birmingham. " （1）What do Chinese students have to do to enter the University of Birmingham before 2019? A. Go through a foundation year. B. Prepare Birmingham degree programmes. C. Acquire the right to permanent residency. D. Score over 800% of the university's qualification examination. （2）Who is the announcement intended for? A. The foreign students in China. B. All people living in the UK. C. The students of the UK. D. Chinese students. （3）Which of the following best explains "integral" underlined in paragraph 3? A. Complete. B. Necessary. C. Indifferent. D. Unimportant. （4）What does the text mainly talk about? A. The introduction to the "Gaokao" of China.

(英语)高考英语阅读理解(科普环保)专项训练及答案及解析

（英语）高考英语阅读理解(科普环保)专项训练及答案及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类 1．犇犇阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 A shark moving around the coastline is normally a worrying sight，but this waterborne drone (无人机) threatens floating rubbish instead of people. Developed by Dutch company RanMarine, the WasteShark takes nature as its inspiration with its whale shark-like mouth. Responsible for collecting waste, the drone will begin operations in Dubai Marina in November after a year of trials with local partner Ecocoast. According to RanMarine, the WasteShark is available in both autonomous and remote-controlled models. Measuring just over five feet by three-and-a-half feet (1.5 meters by 1.1 meter), it can carry up to 352 pounds of rubbish (159.6 kg) and has an operational battery life of 16 hours. By 2016 there were approximately 150 million tons of plastic in the world's oceans. One paper from December 2014 estimated that over a quarter of a million tons of ocean plastic pollution was afloat. "WasteShark also has the abilities to gather air and water quality data, remove chemicals out of the water such as oil, and heavy metals, and scan the seabed to read its depth and outlines," said Oliver Cunningham, one of the co-founders of RanMarine. "Fitted with a collision-avoidance system, the drone uses laser imaging detection and ranging technology to detect an object in its path and stop or back up if the object approaches." "Our drones are designed to move through a water system, whether it's around the perimeter (周边) or through the city itself. The drones are that last line of defense between the city and the open ocean," added Cunningham. "WasteSharks are operating in Dubai, South Africa and the Netherlands and cost $ 17, 000 for the remote-controlled model and just under $ 23, 000 for the autonomous model." Dubai-based operator Ecocoast has two WasteShark drones. Co-founder Dana Liparts says they will clean waterfronts for clients including hotels and environmental authorities and that Ecocoast' intention is to have the collected rubbish recycled or upcycled. However, Liparts argues that cleaning waterways doesn't have a one-size-fits-all solution and requires a combination of new technology, preventative measures and changing people's attitudes towards littering. （1）What do we know about the WasteShark? A. It can frighten sharks away. B. It is an ocean explorer. C. It is a rubbish collector. D. It can catch fish instead of people. （2）What does Paragraph 4 mainly tell us? A. The causes of ocean pollution. B. The dangers of using plastics. C. The severity of ocean garbage pollution. D. The importance of ocean protection.

高考英语阅读理解解题技巧及经典题型完整版

高考英语阅读理解解题 技巧及经典题型 Company Document number：WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-19998

词汇、阅读速度和理解能力 阅读的方法可以使用以下几种： 1.跳读：就是快速的一步阅读法。实际上是有选择阅读，找关键词。用这种阅读方法回答who、what、when、where之 类的问题最为有效。 2.略读：指比跳读慢些的二步阅读法。即泛泛地、粗略地快速阅读，目的是了解大意，对文章有个总的概念。此种阅 读方法能回答why、how之类的问题。 3.精读：即最细致、最慢的深层阅读方法，目的是求得对所读文章的全部意义的理解与掌握。 在使用阅读技巧时尽量做到以下几点： 1.带着问题阅读短文。 2.找出主题句、确定中心思想。 3.推断单词、句子和文章的含义。 4.尽快选择答案。 不同体裁文章的特点及解题技巧 1.记叙文 记叙文又可分传记类和故事类。传记类文章在阅读中时间是全文的关键，根据时间我们可以找到相关的事件，抓住文章的主要内容。故事类文章情节性较强，阅读时要注意故事中的时间、地点、人物和发生的事件，这些都是文章中的主要内容和信息，对于准确理解文章十分重要。 2.说明文 说明文是对事物的形状、性质、特征、成果或功用等进行介绍，解释或阐述的文章。把握所说明事物的特征和本质是理解说明文的关键。说明事物特征的方法很多，主要有定义法、解释法、比较法、比喻法、数字法、图表法、引用法和举例法等。 数字说明文 在阅读数字说明文时要特别注意文中数字的含义，从这些数字中可以找到文章的主要内容。 解释说明文 解释说明文着重说明事物的本质、特征和功用等。许多科普文章都属于这一类。在阅读这类文章时要学会解决what,how,why等一类的问题。它们是文章的关键。如能带着这些问题阅读，将会更迅速抓住文章的主题。 比较说明文 比较说明文是通过对比方法说明问题。在阅读这类文章时要善于把握全篇陈述的基本倾向。作者在谈论一个有争议的问题时总要顾及到争议的各个方面。但是，在一般情况下，作者的陈述总要倾向于某一种观点。 3.应用文 应用文涉及的范围比较广，包括广告、通知、书信等。应用文一般语言简洁，省略及不规范的句子较多。阅读时一般 含义有更深理解，并据此进行判断和推理) 观题。 Ⅰ.事实细节题

英语科普类“阅读理解”试题目解析下学期

科普类“阅读理解”试题解析 纵观2006年全国部分地区的中考英语试题,笔者发现科普类“阅读理解”题愈来愈受到命题者的青睐?而科普类文章往往具有跨学科?行文逻辑性强等特点,要求考生能从文章的整体逻辑以及重要细节上全面把握?但有些考生面对此类试题,常常表现出一种恐惧感,甚至觉得无从下手?鉴于此,笔者现以2006年全国部分地区中考英语科普类“阅读理解”试题为例,对这类试题的特点及解题技巧浅析如下: 【试题特点】 ①注重学科渗透,行文逻辑性强,内容抽象? ②贴近学生的学习?生活实际,有利于激发学生的思维,对选拔优秀考生有一定的作用? ③能全面地考查学生的综合阅读能力和运用所学知识去分析?解决实际问题的能力? 【解题技巧】 对于科普类文章,笔者认为最有效的解题方法便是“通读全文→浏览题目→再次阅读文章,筛选信息,从而确定答案”? 通读全文旨在把握文章中心和文章脉络,简单地说,就是要弄明白文章的大意是什么以及文章是如何展开的? 浏览题目的目的就是要总结和把握命题人命题的角度和意图?简单地说,就是要弄清题目究竟是在考查文章的细节还是对文章进行推理,是考查哪些细节,又是如何考查的等等? 再次阅读文章,筛选信息,从而确定答案,就是在对文章大意?文章脉络以及命题角度有了相应的了解之后,带着问题再读文章?在再次阅读文章的过程中,要利用上下文语境,准确地捕捉与问题相关的信息点,这也是解题的关键点(技巧提示:可在相应位置上做出简单标记,以便检查时目标明确)?最后总结以上所有信息,确定答案? 下面以2006年部分地区中考英语试题为例,对上述的解题技巧作一全面的分析: 【试题精选1】(杭州市) You have often looked into a mirror, of course. But y ou haven’t seen the real picture of your face yet. And why couldn’t you see it? When you look into a mirror, you don’t see your face as other people see it. You see a reversed picture. If you close your left eye, your picture closes its right eye. If you touch your right ear with your right hand, your picture touches its left ear with its left hand. If you have two small mirrors, you can see your face as your friends see it. You hold the two mirrors at right angles(角度) to each other and look into them. After some practice you will be able to see the real picture of your face. Now close your left eye and your picture closes its left eye，too. Touch your right ear with your right hand and your picture touches its right ear with its right hand! This happens because each mirror reflected(反射) the picture in the other mirror. So you see a reversed picture of a reversed picture, which, of course, is the same as the real picture. 1. When you look into a mirror, you couldn’t see________ . A. the picture of yourself B. your face as others see it C. the picture of your face D. the picture of your eyes 2. What does the word “reversed” mean in this passage? A. 暂存的. B. 相反的. C. 模拟的. D. 虚拟的. 3. According to the first paragraph of the passage, if you close your left eye, your picture in the mirror________ .