examination-of-medical-physiology-for-10th-imspq-知识讲解
XuZhou Medical College
Examination of Medical Physiology for 10TH IMSPQ 2012
（Feb29,2012）
PARTⅠ. Single choices ( 2 point×30=60 points, Please choose the BEST answer and then fill in the answer card)
1. The major physiological function of plasm colloid osmotic pressure is to
A. regulate water exchange between the two sides of capillaries.
B. regulate fluid equilibrium between the two sides of cells.
C. maintain the normal cellular shape.
D. keep the normal cubic capacity of cells.
E. determine the total plasm osmotic pressure.
2. During the process of excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle, calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum by
A. Inositol triphosphate (IP3)
B. Protein kinase A
C. An increase in intracellular calcium concentration
D. Membrane depolarization
E. An increase in intracellular sodium concentration
3. In a nerve, the magnitude of the action potential overshoot is normally a function of the
A. Magnitude of the stimulus
B. Intracellular potassium concentration
C. Extracellular sodium concentration
D. Resting membrane potential
E. Diameter of the axon
4. The rate of diffusion of a particle across a membrane will increase if
A. The area of the membrane decreases
B. The thickness of the membrane increases
C. The size of the particle increases
D. The concentration gradient of the particle decreases
E. The lipid solubility of the particle increases
5. The following diagram illustrates the relative resistance of three vessels. The ratio of the flow in vessel X to the flow in vessel Y is
A. 1:1
B. 3:2
C. 2:1
D. 3:1
E. 4:3
6. The data below was obtained from a patient before and after administration of a drug that increased his mean right atrial pressure.
The ratio of the patients total peripheral resistance before administration of the drug to the total peripheral resistance after administration of the drug is
A. 1:1
B. 3:2
C. 4:3
D. 5:4
E. 6:5
7. During ventricular ejection, the pressure difference smallest in magnitude is between the
A. Pulmonary artery and left atrium
B. Right ventricle and right atrium
C. Left ventricle and aorta
D. Left ventricle and left atrium
E. Aorta and capillaries
8. Net filtration from capillaries will increase following
A. Increased contraction of the precapillary sphincter
B. Decreased arterial pressure
C. Increased plasma protein concentration
D. Decreased capillary permeability
E. Increased postcapillary resistance
9. A deficiency of pulmonary surfactant would
A. Decrease surface tension in the alveoli
B. Decrease the change in intrapleural pressure required to achieve a given tidal volume
C. Decrease lung compliance
D. Decrease the work of breathing
E. Increase functional residual capacity (FRC)
10. Airway resistance is lowest
A. During a forced expiration
B. At the total lung capacity
C. At the residual volume
D. During vagal stimulation
E. When breathing gas with low oxygen
11. The principal paracrine secretion involved in the inhibitory feedback regulation of gastric acid secretion is
A. Gastrin
B. Somatostatin
C. Histamine
D. 5-HT
E. Acetylcholine
12. Acidification of the duodenum will
A. Decrease pancreatic secretion of bicarbonate
B. Increase secretion of gastric acid
C. Decrease gastric emptying
D. Increase contraction of the gallbladder
E. Increase contraction of the sphincter of Oddi
13.Heat is produced in the body
A. only when body core temperature falls below the temperature set point.
B. at a constant rate.
C. at a variable rate.
D. during hypothermia, mainly by nonshivering thermogenesis.
14.The primary function of the bones of the middle ear is to
A. Amplify the sound stimulus
B. Filter high-frequency sounds from the sound stimulus
C. Enable the direction of a sound stimulus to be detected
D. Enhance the ability to distinguish different sound frequencies
E. Protect the ear from damage
15. Which one of the optic field defects listed in the following diagram is produced by a pituitary gland tumor?
A. A
B. B
C. C
D. D
16.Which of the following hypothalamic nuclei is responsible for controlling the normal circadian rhythm?
A. Paraventricular nucleus
B. Ventromedial nucleus
C. Arcuate nucleus
D. Lateral nucleus
E. Suprachiasmatic nucleus
17.Presynaptic inhibition in the central nervous system affects the firing rate of alpha motoneurons by
A. Increasing the chloride permeability of the presynaptic nerve ending
B. Decreasing the potassium permeability of the alpha motoneuron
C. Decreasing the frequency of action potentials by the presynaptic nerve ending
D. Increasing (hyperpolarizing) the membrane potential of the alpha motoneuron
E. Increasing the amount of the neurotransmitter released by the presynaptic nerve ending
18.During a voluntary movement, the Golgi tendon organ provides the central nervous system with information about
A. The length of the muscle being moved
B. The velocity of the movement
C. The blood flow to the muscle being moved
D. The tension developed by the muscle being moved
E. The change in joint angle produced by the movement
19.If GFR increases, proximal tubular reabsorption of salt and water will increase by a process called glomerulotubular balance.
Contributions to this process include
A. An increase in peritubular capillary hydrostatic pressure
B. A decrease in peritubular sodium concentration
C. An increase in peritubular oncotic pressure
D. An increase in proximal tubular flow
E. An increase in peritubular capillary flow
20.Destruction of the supraoptic nuclei of the brain will produce whichof the following changes in urinary volume and concentration?
(Assume that fluid intake equals fluid loss.)
A. An increased urinary volume and a very dilute urine
B. An increased urinary volume and concentrated urine
C. A normal urinary volume and concentration
D. Decreased urinary volume and a very dilute urine
E. Decreased urinary volume and a concentrated urine
21.Radiation treatment for a pituitary tumor in an 8-year-old boy resulted in the complete loss of pituitary function. As a result, the
child is likely to experience
A. Hyperthyroidism
B. Increased ACTH
C.Absent sexual maturation
D.Accelerated growth spurts
E. Increased TSH levels
22.The secretion of ACTH is correctly described in which of the following statements?
A . It shows circadian rhythm in humans
B. It is decreased during periods of stress
C. It is inhibited by aldosterone
D. It is stimulated by glucocorticoids