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牛津英语英语语法一般现在时

牛津英语英语语法一般现在时
牛津英语英语语法一般现在时

牛津英语英语语法(三)一般现在时

一. 一般现在时行为动词词型变化形式

一般现在时动词只有第三人称有词形变化,其他人称动词均用原形单数

第三人称动词变化:

多数在动词后加s play—plays like—likes ,

以s,x,sh,ch,o结尾的动词加es go—goes wash--washes,

以辅音字母加y结尾,把y改i再加es fly—flies study--studies

二. 一般现在时动词be和have的变化形式

1.动词Be 叫连系动词, 连系动词be的用法:除了第一人称单数用am,和第三人称单数用is以外,其它人称用are。

I am busy. You are busy. He (She) is busy. We (You, They) are busy.

2.动词have的用法:除了第三人称单数用has以外,其它人称一律用have。如:

I have a pen. You have a pen. She (He) has a pen.

We (You, They) have pens.

三. 一般现在时的句型

1.肯定句构成:主语+动词(注意人称变化) +其它成分

Ihave a dog. We like the little cat. She sings well.

2.否定句构成:

行为动词的否定句:主语+助动词(do/does) + not +动词原形+其它成分

He dosen’t have a dog.He isn’t young.We don’t like the little cat.

(借助于助动词do) She doesn’t sing well. (借助于助动词does)

3.一般疑问句:

A.行为动词的一般疑问句:助动词(do/does)+主语+动词原形+ 其它成分

Do you like i t? Yes, I do. / No. I don’t .Does he(she) like it? Yes, he( she )does. / No, he ( she )doesn’t.

B. 动词BE 的一般疑问句Am / Is /Are +主语+ 其它成分

Are you a teacher? Yes, I am. / No, I am not.

Are they students of your school.Yes they are / No they aren,t.

4.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+ 一般疑问句

How many students are there in your school?

What do you usually do on Sunday?

四.一般现在时的用法

1.经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的时间状语连用。如:

every year, sometimes, at 5 o’clock, on Sunday.

I get up at six o’clock every day.

He gets up at six o’clock every da y.

She smokes too much.

I telephone to my parents once a week.

2.表达客观真理,科学事实。如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。

Three and four makes seven.

The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun.

Shenyang lies in the north of China.

3.在格言或名言警句中。

Pride goes before a fall. 骄必败。

Actions speak louder than words.事实用于雄辩。

4.表示现在的状态、性格、个性。

I don’t want more, thanks.

He is a good student. He is always ready to help others.

五.一般现在时其它用法

一般现在时表将来

1.含有go, come, return, arrive, leave, start, begin等动词的一般现在时表将来。表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。

The school bus leaves at eight .

2.在时间或条件句中。

When Tom comes, ask him how to fix the tap.

I’ll help you as soon as I arrive there.

3.在动词hope,take care that,make sure that等后。

I hope she has a good time.

Before you leave the room, please make sure that the door is closed.

4.时间状语从句,条件句中,从句中(常含有till , once , as soon as ,

when , while , before , after , so long as , by the time , if , in case ,

unless , even if , whether , the moment , the minute )

Eg. As soon as I get there, I will deal with this matter.

Whether he is happy is an important thing to her.

5.倒装句,表示动作正在进行

Here comes the teacher!= The teacher is coming.

There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing.

Here comes the car. = The car is coming.

一般现在时表过去

1."书上","报纸上"的叙述。

The newspaper says that the president will retire next month.

2.叙述往事,使其生动。

Napoleon’s army now advances and the great battle begins.

一般现在时表完成

1.动词用一般现在时代替完成时:hear , tell , learn , write , understand , forget , know , find , say, remember.

Eg.I hear (= have heard) he will go to Paris.

I forget (=have forgotten) how to read the word.

2.句型" It is … since… " = " It has been … since …"

It is (= has been) five years since we last met.

一般现在时表进行

1.句型:Here comes…;There goes…

Eg: Look, here comes Mr. Brown.

六. 注意事项

1.在英国,人们常用have got代替have,特别在疑问句和否定句中。

2.当have如果不表示“有”时,构成疑问或否定句时,就借助于助动词do, does, don’t或者doesn’t.练习

一.用词的适当形式填空。

1.What time_________ his father_________(do) the work?

2.He _________(get) up at five o’clock.

3.__________ you _________(brush) your teeth every morning.

4.What ________ ( do ) he usually ________( do ) after school?

5.Tom ________ ( study ) English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art at school.

6. Kitty sometimes __________(go) to the park with his sister.

7.At eight at night, she __________( watch ) TV with her parents.

8. ________ Mike________( read ) English every day?

9.How many lessons________ your classmates______( have ) on Monday?

10.We often___________ ( play ) football in the playground.

二.选择

() 1. _____ you have a book?

A. Do

B. Are

C. Is

D. Have

()2. They _________ on a farm.

A. working

B. is work

C. work

D. is worked

() 3. Does Peter like to watch TV?

__________.

A. Yes, he like

B. No, he doesn’t

C. Yes, he’d like

D. No, he likes

()4. She doesn’t __________ her homework in the afternoon.

A. doing

B. to do

C. does

D. do

()5. How ____________ Mr. Brown ___________ to America?

A. do,go

B. is,go

C. does,go

D. does,goes

()6. Where’s my camera? I____________ it.

A. am not finding

B. am not seeing

C. can’t find

D. can’t lo ok at

()7. How ___________ he go to work? He ___________ to work by bike.

A. does ;go

B. do;goes

C. do ;go

D. does;goes

()8. ______ you usually late for school? No, _____________.

A. Do ; I am

B. Does ;not

C. Are ; I’m not

D. Are ; I aren’t

()9. _____ she _____ home at six every day?

A. Is , leave

B. Does , leave

C. Is , leaves

D. Does , left

()10. Mr. Yang ____________ English this term.

A. teaches our

B. teaches us

C. teachs us

D. teach our

答案:一.1.does, do 2. gets 3. Do, brush 4. does, do 5. studies 6. goes7. watches8. Does, read9. do, have10. play

二.1---5 A C B D C6---10 C D C B B

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